Main dimensions." Cone angle 16°35'40″. Morse may not have... KM is a cone developed by Kennametal. The Morse taper is divided into eight sizes, from KM0 to KM7 (English MT0-MT7, German MK0-MK7). 3. Unspecified dimensions of the ends of cones with a threaded hole - according to GOST 14034-74.
Morse taper is one of the most widely used tool mounts. It was proposed by Stephen A. Morse around 1864. Taper from 1:19.002 to 1:20.047 (cone angle from 2°51'26″ to 3°00'52″, cone slope from 1°25'43″ to 1°30'26″) depending on the size. A tool with an internal thread is fixed in the spindle by a rod (pivot) that is screwed into the end of the cone.
For many applications, the length of the Morse cone turned out to be excessive. The standard size of the cone is indicated by a number; there are sizes from 10 to 80 in increments of 5. For example, ISO10, NMTB40, BT50. For all standards, the size of the conical part is the same.
In the table of cone sizes, D denotes the base size - the largest diameter of the cone hole (socket), L denotes the depth of the cone hole. These values also approximately correspond to the largest diameter of the cone and its length. The diameter of the DF flange is approximately the same for all design varieties. The old GOST 25827-93 defined three designs of cones.
Damn.1. OUTER CONES
Currently, cones are usually made with interchangeable pins, which improves the compatibility of equipment of different standards. It has several design varieties of flanges, designated by the letters A, B, C, D, E, F. The size of the cone is indicated by the number of the largest flange diameter in mm (from 25 to 160). For example, HSK-A63.
The Capto cone, developed by Sandvik Coromant, is now promoted as a premium HSK equivalent. However, the technology for manufacturing such a cone is somewhat more complicated and therefore more expensive for the end consumer. Depending on the size, Capto connections are designated C3..C10.
Damn.2. INNER CONES
In-house cone, originally created specifically for collet clamps. There is one standard size of this cone. 1. This standard applies to instrumental metric cones and Morse cones. The standard fully complies with ST SEV 147-75.
10, 100, 1000, etc. 0.001″ and 0.0001″ are called in conversation, in particular, “thou” and “tenth”. It is correct to measure with a caliber, there are risks on it. Incorrect, but to determine the size - measure the larger diameter and compare with the table. Nobody knows what kind of cone could be, which has a larger diameter of about 13 mm and an angle slightly less than that of KM-1? The KM-1 shank fits there, but noticeably deeper than it should.
Normal corners (according to GOST 8908-81)
| 1st row | 2nd row | 3rd row | 1st row | 2nd row | 3rd row | 1st row | 2nd row | 3rd row |
| 0° | 10° | 70° | ||||||
| 0°15′ | 12° | 75° | ||||||
| 0°30′ | 15° | 80 | ||||||
| 0º45′ | 18 | 85 | ||||||
| 1° | 20 | 90° | ||||||
| 1°30′ | 22 | 100 | ||||||
| 2 | 25 | 110 | ||||||
| 2°30′ | 30 | 120 | ||||||
| 3 | 35 | 135 | ||||||
| 4 | 40 | 150 | ||||||
| 5 | 5 | 45 | 165 | |||||
| 6 | 50 | 180 | ||||||
| 7 | 55 | 270 | ||||||
| 8 | 60 | 360 | ||||||
| 9 | 65 |
The table does not apply to the angular dimensions of cones.
When choosing corners, the 1st row should be preferred to the 2nd, and the 2nd to the 3rd.
Cone 1:20
Metric tool tapers. Holes in machine spindles.
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Morse taper is one of the most common means for securing a tool on a machine. This instrument received its name in honor of the famous engineer Stephen Morse, who lived in the 19th century. Today, fractional numbers are used to correctly select the size of this product. There are several standardized values, differing in angles of inclination and sizes.
The area of application of the Morse cone is mechanical engineering. With its help you can quickly and very accurately secure the cutting tool. To do this, the Morse taper is mounted in the machine in a special hole or chuck, and a drill, for example, is inserted into it. This fastening method guarantees the most accurate centering and subsequent processing. It can also be used to supply cutting fluid to the workpiece or cutting tool.
Adapters
When working with cones, adapter mandrels and adapter bushings for Morse tapers are used. They simplify the work, eliminating the purchase of additional equipment and tools.
Rice. 8 Adapter sleeve from KM2 to KM3
Experts recommend purchasing certified cones and transition elements. This will ensure high-quality work, reduce the likelihood of breakdowns, reduce production costs and costs for additional processing of workpieces.
Dimensions and elements of the Morse cone
The distinguishing feature of one Morse taper from another is its size. There are several types of them and, in accordance with GOST, each has a specific number and abbreviation. To measure it, you need to use a calibration, or best of all, a special table that will allow you to calculate dimensions down to the micron. Depending on the machine on which the part will be processed, you should choose, for example, a cutter, a drill, and then the type of invention of Stephen Morse.
With the development of the engineering industry, a need arose to expand the model range of Morse cones. For this purpose, a metric cone was developed, which did not have any special design differences from its predecessor. Its taper was 1:20, with an angle of 2°51'51″ and a slope of 1°25'56″. Metric tapers have made it possible to create a large selection of tools for various machines and operations. They are classified into two categories: large and small. Large ones are designated, for example, No. 120, 200, and the numbers correspond to the largest diameter of the metric cone.
Morse taper dimensions
A tool taper is a conical shank of some cutting tool and a conical hole in the spindle or headstock of the same diameter. Its function is to quickly change cutting tools and maintain high precision when centering and clamping.
It is used mainly in CNC machines because it eliminates a number of disadvantages of a conventional Morse taper.
- jamming of shanks in the spindle is much less;
- smaller sizes;
- improved axial stop;
- ease of fastening;
- automatic change of cutting tool.
Nowadays, Morse cones are manufactured in accordance with the international ISO and DIN standards. In Russia, the standardization system combines into one class both simple Morse cones, as well as metric and instrumental ones. Information about them can be obtained from GOST 25557-82. The situation with a single GOST has developed due to the fact that Morse cones have been very popular in our country since the times of the USSR, and in parallel with this, many new ones have appeared.
Morse tapers are divided into 8 categories. Abroad these are MT0, MT1, MT2, MT3, MT4, MT5, MT6, MT7. In Germany, the numbering is the same, but the letter designation is MK. In our country and in the post-Soviet space KM0, KM1, KM2, KM3, KM4, KM5, KM6 and No. 80.
As time has shown, some foreign-made Morse cones are inconvenient to use due to their large length. For this case, a series of shortened products has been developed, having 9 sizes.
Dimensions, mm
Inner cones
For cones with foot
For cones with threaded hole
| Cone | Metric | Morse | Metric | |||||||||||
| Cone designation | 4 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 80 | 100 | 120 | 160 | 200 |
| Taper | 1 : 20 = 0,05 | 1 : 19,212 = 0,05205 | 1 : 20,047 = 0,04988 | 1 : 20,020 = 0,04995 | 1 : 19,922 = 0,05 | 1 : 19,254 = 0,05194 | 1 : 19,002 = 0,05263 | 1 : 19,180 = 0,05214 | 1 : 20 = 0,05 | |||||
| D | 4 | 6 | 9,045 | 12,065 | 17,780 | 23,825 | 31,267 | 44,399 | 63,348 | 80 | 100 | 120 | 160 | 200 |
| d5 | 3 | 4,6 | 6,7 | 9,7 | 14,9 | 20,2 | 26,5 | 38,2 | 54,6 | 71,5 | 90 | 108,5 | 145,5 | 182,5 |
| d6 | — | — | — | 7 | 11,5 | 14 | 18 | 23 | 27 | 33 | 39 | 52 | ||
| l5 min | 25 | 34 | 52 | 56 | 67 | 84 | 107 | 135 | 188 | 202 | 240 | 276 | 350 | 424 |
| l6 | 21 | 29 | 49 | 52 | 62 | 78 | 98 | 125 | 177 | 186 | 220 | 254 | 321 | 388 |
| g | 2,2 | 3,2 | 3,9 | 5,2 | 6,3 | 7,9 | 11,9 | 15,9 | 19 | 26 | 32 | 38 | 50 | 62 |
| h | 8 | 12 | 15 | 19 | 22 | 27 | 32 | 38 | 47 | 52 | 60 | 70 | 90 | 110 |
1. GOST provides dimensions for external tool cones.
2. Maximum deviations of cone sizes and shape tolerances according to GOST 2848-75.
The best varieties of cones today
These days, tool Morse tapers from HSK, Capto and Kennametal are especially popular due to their quality. Good resistance to temperature changes and compliance with stringent requirements in the machine tool industry have allowed Morse tapers of these brands to become market leaders.
HSK are hollow instruments with a taper of 1:10. They are designated by a letter of the Latin alphabet and a number indicating the larger diameter of the flange. The main feature of such products is quick tool replacement, which is very important in CNC machines.
Capto tool tapers comply with the international ISO standard and are high quality products. The products are expensive due to the complexity of manufacturing, but high precision will minimize production defects when using these tools on machines. The design feature does not allow them to turn during operation of the machine; self-jamming occurs. The rigidity of the connection of Capto products is their main advantage over other competitors
Kennametal products are less common, but still do their job very well.
The products of B&S, Jacobs and Jarno are distributed mainly in the USA, as they do not have confirmation of international standards and are created, respectively, for the American market, where they are in great demand.
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Bridgerport Machines has developed the R8 model for collet clamps on its equipment. But then the invention was finalized and released onto the international market. The effectiveness of this remedy caused a sensation at one time and all sorts of analogues began to appear. Today the company produces only one type of such mechanism.
The 7:24 tool taper is widely used in CNC machines, where tool change occurs automatically. Being instrumental, it has a number of advantages over conventional ones and that is why it is so popular in the machine tool industry. There are many varieties of it. Many countries have developed their own standards for it and therefore 7:24 models from different manufacturers do not replace each other.
The 1:50 cone is also widely used in the mechanical engineering industry if it is necessary to additionally fasten two products with a threaded connection. To do this, the 1:50 model has special pins that must be inserted into the workpieces, having previously drilled holes in the appropriate places.
Basic information about shanks and their designation
There are several types of instrument cones. It may contain threads, a foot or do without them.
A thread can be cut at its end, which is made to secure the tool to the spindle using a pin. This is a special rod that prevents the tool from falling out. It can also be used to remove the product if it accidentally gets stuck in the spindle.
If the shank is made with a foot, then it holds the tool in the spindle due to the fact that it is secured in a special groove. The foot has two purposes: with its help it is easier to remove the product from the spindle, and it also creates a rigid fixation and there will be no turning.
You can also find a design with several grooves and holes. They have different depths and sizes. Their task is to supply cutting fluid to the cutting tool.
Tool shanks come in different designs and are designated by letter codes. Below is their transcript:
- BI – internal, there is a groove;
- BE – external, there is a foot;
- AI – internal, there is a hole along the axis;
- AE – external, there is a hole along the axis with a thread;
- BIK – internal, there is a groove and a hole for supplying cutting fluid (coolant);
- VEK – external, there is a foot and a hole for coolant supply;
- AIK – internal, contains holes along the axis and for coolant supply;
- AEK – external, contains an axial hole with a thread and a hole for coolant supply.
External and internal correspond to their names. Depending on the tool used, you should choose an external or internal version.
