knitting wire for fittings what diameter to take

In the first part of the article, we talked about whether it is profitable to buy a battery-powered knitting gun, how to make a homemade hook for tying reinforcement, and how to knit it correctly. Let's continue the topic we started. Today we will answer the following questions:

• Is it possible to tie the reinforcement together with plastic ties and a screwdriver?
• How to calculate the required amount of tying wire.
• How to bring long reinforcement to the site in a regular GAZelle.
• Is welding of fittings allowed with a welding inverter?

Knitting reinforcement

Hook for tying reinforcement
A hand hook can be made from any wire or welding electrode 3-4 mm thick. To make the handle comfortable, you can put a piece of hose on it. It can also be made from a trowel whose blade has broken off. Its end is bent and sharpened. A paint roller handle is also suitable for this. A store-bought crochet hook has a hook that rotates freely in the handle.

You can also use a screwdriver to tie the reinforcement by holding a hook-shaped attachment in its chuck, which you can make yourself from a nail or a 4 mm hexagon. or other similar material. Having secured the nozzle, you need to experimentally determine by eye the rotation speed of the screwdriver so that it twists the wire tightly and does not tear it.

As a rule, 1.2-1.4 mm wire is used for knitting reinforcement with a diameter of 10-14 mm. If you take a thin wire, you will have to fold it twice, because it is rather weak, and a thicker one is difficult to twist.

Sometimes, to speed up the work, it is necessary to measure the circumference of a coil of wire. In some cases, you can immediately cut it and get many finished pieces.

The reinforcement is taken and placed on top of each other in a cross. Then a wire 30-40 cm long is folded in half.

Option one is for tying a slab or for a horizontal layer of reinforcement. At a distance of one third from the loop, the wire is bent around the finger. Then it is slipped under the reinforcement, and a hook must be inserted into the loop. A free piece of wire, bending around the reinforcement, is stretched and placed on the bed of the hook, which spins and grabs the end of the wire. In this case, the hands do not let go of the wire until the hook grabs the wire tightly, then it is released. The number of revolutions is determined experimentally. After twisting the wire, the hook is removed, and the free ends of the wire can be cut off.

The second option is used for a vertical layer of reinforcement; in this method, the reinforcement is fixed, better than in the first option.

In this version, the wire is folded in half, but the rods are tied differently, as in the photo. Then, with your fingers, the wire is pressed tightly against the rod, and the ends of the wire are bent towards themselves, the hook is inserted into the loop and the wire is twisted. The hook is removed, the ends of the wire are bent.

Tying with a screwdriver

Everything is done as described above, but a screwdriver is used. Therefore, you need to get a little familiar with the tool and tying the reinforcement will be easy.

Protective layer retainers

When knitting reinforcement for the slab, cut PVC pipes with a diameter of 40-50 mm can be used as supports for the reinforcement. They are cut like sausage into slices of the required height. You can use a soldering iron to make recesses for the fittings.

Posted by a member of the “House and Dacha” forum amarrak Editor: Adamov Roman

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Mating options

Reinforcement associated with the foundation can be obtained in only two ways:

• • knitting using steel wire;
• • use of special plastic clamps.

If the tying of reinforcement for a strip foundation is carried out using clamps, then everything is simple. The product wraps around two adjacent elements, after which the clamp is simply tightened without much effort. You get a strong loop in just a couple of seconds. But the cost of such an operation will be much higher, so many prefer to use steel wire made from low-carbon alloy grades.

It is not at all necessary to take expensive alloyed wire, since after knitting the structure will be filled with concrete, which will completely block the air, so that the oxidation process cannot occur in principle. Therefore, there is no point in buying more expensive options when you can get by with little. The wire has a special structure that bends well and makes it convenient to work with. If knitting suddenly turns out to be too difficult, you just need to heat the skein over a fire and then cool it in the air.

Before you understand how to knit reinforcement to the foundation, you need to select the appropriate material. The wire differs in diameter, so you need to choose something between 1.4-1.6 millimeters. A two-millimeter stamp will be too thick, which will significantly complicate working with it, and at the same time it will not be possible to obtain any significant dividends. And a one-millimeter wire is too weak and may not withstand the load, so an intermediate option is ideal in this situation.

Knitting wire for fittings, what diameter should I take?

Advantages of using knitting wire:

The production of wire for knitting is regulated by GOST 3282-74 “Low-carbon steel wire for general purposes. Technical conditions". The standard regulates the following points:

Wire with a diameter of 1 mm, heat-treated, high precision, light:

Wire 1.2-P-2Ts-II GOST 3282-74.

Permissible deviations from the diameter are indicated in Table 1 of the specified GOST, mechanical properties are indicated in Table 2.

To determine compliance with GOST, the following tests are carried out:

The wire is made of steel containing carbon up to 0.25%. The final product is obtained from rolled wire using cold drawing. During the production process, the crystalline structure of the surface is deformed. To restore the structure, annealing is used, which helps reduce stress in the metal. Products that have not been annealed are usually brittle and difficult to bend.

There are two types of heat treatment:

Products with a zinc protective coating are marked with class “1C” or “2C”. The second class has a thicker protective layer.

There are several types of galvanizing in the manufacture of protective coatings:

Depending on the presence or absence of a protective coating, knitting wire is divided into:

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Polymer processing

Chain-link mesh can be coated with polymers that are resistant to ultraviolet rays, moisture, and low temperatures. The plasticizer used to insulate electrical cables indoors will not be suitable in this case.

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It is almost impossible to determine this visually, so you need to ask about the composition of the polymer and find out the warranty period for the product (certified products must have a stamp). A high-quality coating is highly resistant to aggressive chemicals and does not allow moisture to pass through.

Option for fastening the mesh with tension

The most inexpensive and common coating is polyvinyl chloride. A product with this coating can be used for more than 30 years.

The warranty period for PVC coating is more than 6 years.

Coating is required if the chain-link is used in high humidity or areas with an aggressive environment (for example, on the sea coast).

An article about the production of chain-link mesh, a machine (equipment for it), calculation of profitability, video of the manufacturing process, approximate prices for one roll. Suitable as an example for a business plan.

Chain-link mesh is mainly used for fencing areas. If it is not protected from rain, then immediately after the first precipitation it will become covered with rust. Chain-link mesh is protected from corrosion in several ways: painting, galvanizing and using a polymer coating. The most common way to protect chain-link mesh from corrosion is galvanizing. Manufacturers, as a rule, do not engage in painting, since all the paint simply follows due to the constant friction of the mesh in the rolls.

Let's consider information that will help you in drawing up your business plan for this business.

How to knit reinforcement - a detailed description of patterns and methods

How to knit reinforcement - a detailed description of patterns and methods

As you know, building concrete can withstand compressive loads well. At the same time, it is torn apart by tensile forces that do not exceed even a tenth of the maximum compressive forces.

That is why, to increase the strength of concrete against tensile and bending influences, steel meshes and reinforced frames are used - connected double meshes, spaced at least 150 mm from each other.

Perhaps you need:

Knitting wire, chopped 1.2x400mm (1300 strands)

Knitting wire, chopped 1.2x400mm (130 knits)

Knitting hook

Reinforcing elements are assembled from corrugated steel reinforcement. Most often, fittings of classes A II and AIII are used for this. The connection of its elements into a spatial reinforcement frame is carried out in two ways - electric welding or knitting wire.

Despite the fact that welding allows you to weld the frame faster than it can be done with viscous welding, the second method is more often used. There are many reasons for this:

How to tie reinforcement correctly | Types of connections

Knitting the reinforcement cage is a mandatory step when creating various types of foundations. Strip, pile, and columnar foundations require the ability to correctly knit longitudinal and transverse joints of rods. To understand how to knit overlapping reinforcement, you will need homemade or factory hooks and precise knowledge of the layout of rods inside concrete structures. When purchasing metal profiles, always check for quality certificates and reliability of supplies - only from the official manufacturer. The knitting wire must meet the requirements specified in GOST 3282 and be fully suitable for the process of knitting reinforcement. Even if a home craftsman has suitable rods in his arsenal, he must always be sure that after annealing it becomes soft and fully retains its strength characteristics.

How do you knit the reinforcement?

The described disadvantages of the electric-welded reinforced frame do not allow the use of this technology in critical structures. The main technology for manufacturing a reinforcing frame in such objects is the knitting of reinforcement. It is carried out using specially made wire from low-carbon steels St0, St1, St2, St3. The carbon content in it is no more than 0.25%.

The main requirements for knitting wire are strength and ductility. The first is provided by the composition of the steel used for its manufacture. The parameter is the temporary tensile strength. For heat-treated wire (only this type is used for knitting), its value should be 30-50 kgf/mm².

Heat treatment imparts plasticity to the knitting wire. It consists of heating the material to 400-500 ºС (different technologies), holding and cooling in air. In this case, processes of homogenization, recrystallization, and rest of the metal occur. Result:

Wire prepared in this way can be bent, twisted, and pulled many times. It becomes soft, grips the tightened parts well and without the formation of loop voids.

Tie wire is available both uncoated and zinc coated. If it is annealed in a shaft furnace in an air atmosphere, it turns out black because it is covered with the resulting oxides. Annealing in a bell-type furnace in atmospheres of nitrogen, argon and other inert gases produces a light color.

Zinc coated wire is used in concrete where there is a high likelihood of moisture penetration into the structure, such as foundations.

Wire for the production of chain-link mesh and its corrosion

In order to master the machine and use it to obtain the first batch of chain-link mesh, you need to purchase wire. 500 kg of mesh costing 17,500 rubles will be enough for you.

The raw material for making mesh netting is low-carbon steel wire. Along with steel wire, polymer-coated and galvanized wire is used. It is extremely rare that a chain-link mesh is made from stainless wire.

Most “coated” chain-link mesh is made from galvanized steel wire. Therefore, the amount of zinc on galvanized wire is very important. Most factories in the CIS countries coat the wire with zinc using the hot-dip galvanizing method. With this method, the zinc content on the wire ranges from 70 to 90 g/m2. A chain-link mesh made from such wire will not rust for 20-25 years. Recently, they have begun to develop wire coating using the electrolytic method. But the wire will contain only 10 g/m2 of zinc, which, in turn, is very little. A mesh made from such wire begins to rust within a year or two after the start of its operation.

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However, if the chain-link mesh is used on the coast of the salt sea, then even a large amount of zinc cannot save it from corrosion. In such areas, it is recommended to use a mesh made of steel wire coated with a polymer coating.

How to choose knitting wire?

Knitting wire of any standard size has design and physical parameters. Choosing the right option from them is the task of the technical manager of the work. The material must be strong enough to ensure reliable fastening using the chosen knitting method and not tear.

First, you should decide on the thickness of the wire according to the diameters of the reinforcement used for the frame, and then on the amount of wire required to complete the entire work. Depending on what is more important (corrosion resistance, clean hands or price), choose galvanized, light or black wire.

You need to select the wire according to the marking as follows. In the designation “Wire 1.2-O-Ch GOST 3282-74” the letter O is thermally treated (just for knitting), the letter CH is black, 1.2 is the diameter in mm. Light-colored, heat-treated, high-strength wire will be marked as follows: “Wire 1.4-P-O-S GOST 3282-74.” The zinc coating is indicated in the marking by the additional letter “C”.

Methods

You can tie reinforcement with wire using a number of tools and devices known to everyone. Let's list them.

Special pistol. He gets the job done quickly. However, this tool is quite expensive: it costs about 1 thousand dollars. But with it it is impossible to approach the internal pins of a wide and high foundation frame. This device is convenient to work only at the extreme points of the frame.

You can soften any steel by heating it red-hot and then letting it cool under normal conditions.

If there is no opportunity or desire to purchase ready-made binding wire, then you can burn any old tire, after which only steel wire of the required softness will remain. But burned steel partially turns into scale, becomes thinner and more brittle, so this solution is a last resort.

How to calculate the binding wire?

Knitting wire is sold by weight. How to calculate how much to buy in kilograms? To do this, you need to use a weight-to-length table. One kg of the diameter indicated below in mm contains wire in meters:

Now you can calculate the wire consumption according to the reinforcement frame manufacturing plan, which indicates the number of ties. It must be multiplied by the length of the material in one cut per connection, which is determined experimentally. Based on the total length, we determine the weight of the wire and its price.

How to crochet reinforcement correctly?

There are quite a lot of techniques, methods and answers to the question of how to knit reinforcement with knitting wire. Automatic devices, power tools, mechanized equipment, hand tools, and homemade products are used.

One of the most common methods of connecting reinforcement is crocheting. It is performed with an inexpensive tool - a crochet hook, which you can make yourself, but it is better to use an industrial one.

The tool consists of a polyamide cylindrical handle, through the axis of which the body of the steel hook itself is passed; it rotates freely in the handle. The end of the hook is bent relative to the axis of the handle by approximately 80º, and the axis of rotation of the pharynx itself is shifted from the axis of the handle by 4-10 cm (designs vary). You can learn to use the tool correctly in just a few matings; skills are acquired by the end of the first working day.

The automatic crochet method has also become widespread. It consists of a rod with a screw notch, at one end of which there is a hook. The rod moves inside a screw plastic cage with rotation. If you hook the wire with a hook, as described above, and pull the clip towards you, the rod with the hook will rotate, performing the knitting. The clip is reversible - if you release it, it returns to its original position. You can knit reinforcement with an automatic crochet faster than with a crochet hook, but it costs more.

Connection method by welding

At first glance, one of the fastest, simplest and best ways to fairly reliably and firmly connect reinforcing bars to each other is to weld them.
However, like any other simple method, it has several significant disadvantages. For example, the first disadvantage is a significant decrease in the quality of the reinforcement product, which leads to a deterioration in the strength of the entire building. The next drawback is the clear need to attract both additional resources and professionals in this field to this process. Scheme of strip foundation reinforcement.

Welding significantly increases the rigidity of the reinforcement frame several times, which is usually unreasonable. Reinforcing blocks are often damaged and broken, so their displacement is very dangerous, and when the building shrinks and the density of concrete increases, this happens quite often.

Given that during the construction process concrete vibrators are often used to compact the composition, the likelihood of failure of welding joints increases.

Considering all these reasons, the method of connecting reinforcement by welding is ineffective and is rarely used.

Help with a screwdriver or pliers

A crochet hook without a handle can be used with a screwdriver. The axis of the hook is clamped in the jaws of the head, the wire is hooked and it is rotated with slow acceleration. To prevent the binding from breaking, you need to adjust the rotation cutoff level that the screwdriver is equipped with.

The method of tying reinforcement using pliers has become widespread in the field of reinforcement builders. Some achieve amazing success, outstripping the pace of work of experienced “hookmen”.

Connecting with pliers claims to be the most economical wire consumption. They usually don’t make preparations here—they don’t waste time on it. The wire is taken directly from a small bay. The technology is similar to the “hook” one: a loop is bent at the end of the wire, placed under the reinforcement joint, both ends are clamped with pliers, rotated 2-3 turns and the wire is bitten off. The pliers are sharpened in such a way that they can both securely hold the wire as it rotates and cut the end upon completion of the operation.

The so-called “super pliers” are also in demand. These are also pliers that have a screw notch on one handle and a clip that moves along it. There is no need to rotate them manually. It is enough to pull the clip towards you so that the superpliers begin to rotate around the handle with the clip, like in an automatic hook. After tightening is completed, the wire is cut as with ordinary pliers.

For small volumes of work, knitting is generally done with improvised tools. At best, they use a sharpened and bent screwdriver, at worst, a homemade hook made from a nail or a welding electrode rod with a chipped coating.

Tying reinforcement using a reversible hook, plastic ties and a screwdriver

Some users of our portal prefer to knit reinforcement using a reversible hook.

This is a device in the form of a long handle with a hook at the end, which must be pulled towards you.

Opinions differ about the effectiveness of such a hook. Some people consider the reversible (semi-automatic) hook to be an effective tool. Some people treat it like an unnecessary toy, preferring to knit the reinforcement with a regular crochet hook.

SheriffFORUMHOUSE user

In my opinion, working with a reversible hook is very simple. He pulled it towards himself and the wire began to twist. Both the child and the woman can cope.

FghFORUMHOUSE user

I knit reinforcement only with a semi-automatic machine. Fast, high quality and convenient. An ordinary hook didn’t interest me.

beutifletFORUMHOUSE user

Here is a photo of the working process of crocheting in this way.

DaxFORUMHOUSE user

And I bought both a regular hook and a reversible one. I tried both, and I didn’t like the semi-automatic at all. I knitted everything as usual.

Opinions were divided. According to alex_k11, if you choose a reversible hook, then buy only the right one - with a two-way groove of the working mechanism. There are cheaper and lower quality semi-automatic hooks with a single-thread screw cut on the market. Such hooks jerk when twisted, and they tear the wire.

For clarity, we attach a photo of the “correct” and “incorrect” reversible hook.

Also, reversible hooks may not survive a large amount of work. When grinding the working part of the screw notch, the hook begins to tug. The result is that the wire breaks.

In addition, users of the portal experimented with using a screwdriver as a device for tying reinforcement.

Opinions about the effectiveness of such a “machine gun” are also divided.

KomissarovaForumHouse participant

I knitted the reinforcement myself using a screwdriver with a hexagon “four” inserted into the chuck. I really liked it. Convenient and high speed.

According to FORUMHOUSE user andre777, “Shurik” is of no use. It is necessary to catch the torque of tightening the rotation. I increased the torque a little and broke the wire. Reduced it - didn’t make it enough. Moreover, adjustments have to be made constantly, because The stiffness of the wire may vary from batch to batch.

Constantly carrying a screwdriver in your hands means you quickly get tired, especially with large volumes and when working in inconvenient places.

andre777FORUMHOUSE user

Nothing better than a simple hook has yet been invented.

Another option that speeds up and simplifies installation is tying the reinforcement with plastic ties.

rualFORUMHOUSE Member

I tied a small strip foundation with plastic clamps. The work went very quickly.

According to another FORUMHOUSE Plastilin user, he tried everything before using zip ties - a homemade hook made from a nail, pliers, a screwdriver. Everything was wrong, but the amount of work that lay ahead was enormous. After some thought, he decided to use zip ties, and things went well.

PlastilinFORUMHOUSE Member

The speed increased by a factor of 5. I knitted everything with ties - armored belts, jumpers, etc. The ends of the clamps, where I cut off and where I didn’t.

User advice: use only high-quality ties. The heads of ties that have expired come off or they break. In order not to buy substandard, you can buy 1 pack for testing and put it into use. If the ties do not break, then purchase a large batch.

When choosing ties/clamps, we are guided by the following technical characteristics:

• Ties should be taken from 4.7 mm to 5.5 mm. Smaller ones are very weak.
• To tie 1-2 bars of reinforcement, a tie 16 cm long is enough.
• To tie 2-3 rods, take a tie 20 cm long.

In order not to make mistakes, we act experimentally. We buy 2-3 packs of ties of different sizes and knit the reinforcement with them.

68RUSUser FORUMHOUSE

I think that if large-scale construction is not planned, then screeds are the best choice. I made a TISE foundation on screeds, and at my relative’s, even when poured from a concrete pump, all the reinforcement remained in place. For the purity of the experiment, we even stood on the frame, everything survived.

Our article describes the nuances of constructing a pile-grillage foundation.

Important: plastic ties become brittle at low temperatures. If, when pouring concrete, powerful impact loads are expected (for example, pouring a foundation from a great height (ground floor walls), large volumes, etc.), then the clamps, due to their lower strength than the knitting wire, can break. Therefore, first we think, and then we act.

Tying reinforcement with plastic clamps is, first of all, justified for relatively small volumes of work: when concreting structures such as small-section strip foundations, piles, reinforced belts, lintels, grillages, etc.

Large foundations, complex and critical structures with many nodes must be knitted with wire. It is more reliable and cheaper, because... In terms of the number of knots, tying wire is cheaper than hundreds and thousands of ties.

We also remember that the task of ties and tying wire is to ensure the specified geometry of the reinforcement cage when pouring concrete . Subsequently (after the solution has hardened), ties and wire units do not participate in the operation of the structure.

Wire for tying reinforcement: classification, application, nuances of choice and consumption

Not a single industrial or civil construction project is built without the use of reinforced concrete products and structures. To enhance strength and reliability, concrete is reinforced; a reinforcement frame is placed in its “body”. Knitting wire is the most popular material for connecting metal rods to each other to create a frame; this is what will be discussed in this article.

Application and production technology

Wire for tying reinforcement is most popular in monolithic construction. With the help of concrete and reinforcement, buildings of the most unusual shapes are created, thanks to its technology and the integrity of the structure from the foundation to the roof. It is in this area that more than one object can do without the use of wire.

The wire is used for reinforcement of such reinforced concrete structures as:

The most important parameters of wire for tying reinforcement are flexibility and strength. It must provide a reliable connection of intersecting reinforcement elements, and at the same time be soft and pliable for quick work.

These characteristics are ensured by the properties of the material, production technology and subsequent heat treatment.

The material for production is low-carbon steel. Wire is a product of the process of drawing a workpiece through dies with a given diameter. Under the influence of pressure and in the process of plastic deformation of the workpiece, the steel structure is refined and improved, and a hardened hardened layer is formed on the surface.

However, after such a procedure, significant internal stresses remain in the metal, which do not allow the resulting product to bend; it will be rigid and brittle. Therefore, in order to be able to use the wire for knitting, it is subjected to heat treatment - annealing. During the annealing process, relaxation and stress relief occur. Thus, the result is a durable, easy-to-use product.

Welcome to our site

We are engaged in the production and sale of chain-link mesh directly in the city of Tolyatti and in the Samara region as a whole.

Chain-link mesh is a structural material, the manufacturing technology of which consists of twisting one wire spiral with a flat turn into another. They are wound directly on the working mechanism of the machine or woven on high-performance, usually industrial CNC machines.

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Labeling and classification

All produced knitting wire is manufactured in accordance with GOST – 3282-74 “Low-carbon steel wire for general purpose”. The document regulates all technical characteristics - type, dimensions, manufacturing accuracy, mechanical properties of the material.

GOST specifies the classification of wire according to the following criteria:

Depending on the conditions under which the heat treatment was carried out, the wire can be light or black. Black is obtained by annealing in air; under the influence of oxygen, oxides and scales are formed on the surface of the metal. The light one undergoes heat treatment in an environment of inert gases, its surface is clean, but in terms of technological parameters it is no different from the black one.

Wire can be produced with a diameter from 0.16 to 10 mm without coating, and 0.2 – 6 mm with coating.

Wire markings include:

All produced wire is wound onto coils or spools, undergoes mandatory control, is marked and confirmed with a quality certificate. The products required for use are selected based on the labeling. Each type of knitting “thread” has its own purpose based on the conditions of its use.

Screwdriver device

Let's consider all the existing ways to connect reinforcement. Each of the options is good in some way, and is used by builders, depending on the type of building and design requirements. There are 3 ways to connect rods; with their help, a strong and reliable metal frame is created:

1. Wire knitting.
2. Welding.
3. Plastic clamps.

These methods of tying reinforcement have their own characteristics. Each of them is correct and is applied depending on the requirements and the material used. When reinforcing a strip foundation for a private house, the reinforcement is often connected by welding rather than tied with wire. But which option is the best?

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Despite the fact that these are different technologies, the right choice can save money and time on construction, without sacrificing structural strength. The method of connecting elements by welding was previously considered one of the most reliable and effective. However, such technology is not always appropriate.

This method has some disadvantages:

1. You need to have skills in working with a welding machine, otherwise you need to spend money on the services of a professional welder. In this case, the cost increases.
2. Welding points are the weak point of the structure. There the strength of the frame becomes lower.
3. The method is not suitable if you use fiberglass reinforcement. In addition, the A-400 (A-3) fittings, which are the most popular, cannot be connected by welding. Only rods with the index “C” are suitable for work, for example: A500C reinforcement.

Therefore, in modern monolithic construction, welding has been replaced by viscous welding. For private and residential houses, construction of a bathhouse, garage or other buildings, this is the best option for connecting reinforcement.

Why is this method so good? It has the following positive aspects:

1. Speed ​​of work completion. Knitting with wire takes little time, it is simple and does not require skills. However, if you do it manually, the process slows down. Next we will look at how to quickly knit reinforcement.
2. Ease of troubleshooting. When working with welding, it will be more difficult to eliminate errors; you will have to take a grinder and cut the welding seam. The wire can be simply bitten off with wire cutters or unwound with a crochet hook.
3. You don't need to be a professional to knit reinforcement.
4. The reinforcement process can be performed in formwork.
5. The cost of work is much lower.

An example of knitting a mesh of reinforcement with wire.
If we talk about shortcomings, we note the precariousness of the finished frame. True, this is not a big problem. The structure will be strong, the only problem is that when the frame is moved into the formwork, it begins to loosen, in this case it is possible to tack the reinforcement in several places by welding.

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To solve this problem with fiberglass reinforcement, you need to attach several braces to make the structure more rigid and stable. By bending, the tension in the knitting areas changes, the frame moves. Therefore, you need to be careful when installing it in the formwork. It is better to knit the reinforcement in the formwork or above it if the strip foundation is being reinforced.

The main advantages of this method are that it does not require special skills, it has a high speed of work, and reliable fixation of the reinforcement. The disadvantages of this method are the following:

1. Price. For large volumes, the wire will be more economical.
2. Speed ​​of work (when compared with other methods of knitting).
3. Correction. You made a mistake somewhere, you will have to bite off the clamp, it becomes unusable, but the wire can be tied up.
4. Reliability. It is not advisable to move around a structure connected with plastic clamps.
5. Temperature. They burst at subzero temperatures.

A tool for tying reinforcement can be made using a screwdriver. A pre-prepared hook of the required length and shape is inserted into the screwdriver chuck. The work process is the same as when knitting with a manual device. The main thing is to choose the right operating mode for the equipment. The main parameter is the rotation speed.

When using an automatic gun, knot tying occurs at a speed of 1 knot per second. There is no need to cut the wire; it is cut automatically.

What wire is better to knit reinforcement

The main selection criteria are the diameter of the reinforcement and the tool used. For wire knitting, collets are used, as well as manual, semi-automatic and automatic hooks.

The main task of the wire is to securely fix the reinforcement; the thicker it is, the thicker the connecting element should be. The minimum diameter used for knitting work is 0.8 mm; it is used for tying reinforcement whose diameter does not exceed 10 mm. Sizes from 1 mm to 1.2 mm are most often used in private low-rise construction. And when constructing buildings with significant loads, it is recommended to use 1.4-1.6 mm wire. To perform knitting work, it is enough to use material of normal accuracy.

Advice from the master! I have been engaged in monolithic construction for more than 10 years and I want to say that the most convenient wire for crocheting reinforcement has a diameter of 1.2 mm. Suitable for tying rods of all diameters, just for reinforcement with a diameter of 16 mm and above, take two wires.

Features of connecting reinforcement with plastic clamps

The main advantages of this method are that it does not require special skills, it has a high speed of work, and reliable fixation of the reinforcement. The disadvantages of this method are the following:

1. Price. For large volumes, the wire will be more economical.
2. Speed ​​of work (when compared with other methods of knitting).
3. Correction. You made a mistake somewhere, you will have to bite off the clamp, it becomes unusable, but the wire can be tied up.
4. Reliability. It is not advisable to move around a structure connected with plastic clamps.
5. Temperature. They burst at subzero temperatures.

Based on these data, we can say that this method is more suitable for private construction, with small volumes, and it is also suitable for people who want to do the reinforcement themselves with their own hands.

Material consumption: nuances and calculation example

Wire is sold in kilograms. Therefore, when determining the volume of material required for work, the required footage is first calculated, and then the total mass is calculated.

The footage depends on the reinforcement scheme and the number of overlapping nodes of the bars. The number of nodes is multiplied by 0.3-0.4. This gives the total length of wire required in meters. In practice, the percentage of possible defects has been established that the required stock is at least 30% of the calculated volume.

Knowing the required footage of the connecting material, we multiply it by the weight of one meter, and we obtain the required weight of wire for reinforcing work.

Table of weight of 1 linear meter of knitting wire in kg.

In order to calculate the consumption of tying wire per 1 ton of reinforcement and 1 m 3 of concrete, you need to know the diameter of the rods used, the connection pitch, and the design features of the future reinforced concrete product.

As you can see, all calculations are strictly individual, since each reinforced concrete product has its own dimensions and design features.

Tying reinforcement is at first glance simple, but in fact a very important process on which the strength and durability of a reinforced concrete building structure depends. The quality of the binding wire plays an important role in the quality of the reinforcement connection. With the correct use of the material, the diameter of the product and compliance with knitting technology, achieving the desired result is quite simple. Also, do not forget to check the availability of certificates for the purchased material, which guarantee the characteristics declared by the manufacturer.

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Equipment for the production of chain-link mesh - machine

In order to organize your own business producing chain-link mesh, you must first buy all the necessary equipment. These can be either automatic (automatic) or semi-automatic machines.

Video of the production process with a simple machine:

Semi-automatic machines require an operator who monitors the entire production process and is directly involved in it. This device is easy to use, easy to set up, relatively small in size and costs about 40,000 rubles.

Using automatic machines, you can organize production so that all its processes take place automatically without the participation of an operator. But the price for such a machine will fluctuate between 200,000-250,000 rubles.

Video of the machine working:

This machine is quite compact.

Next we will talk about semi-automatic machines, since we will be dealing with low-cost production at first.

The cash costs that go towards purchasing a machine for the production of chain-link mesh will have to be 35,000-40,000 rubles.

Before buying a machine, you need to find a production facility. It could be some kind of warehouse or garage. The area of ​​the selected room should be 10-20 square meters. meters. The premises are used for the production and storage of finished chain-link mesh. In most regions of Russia, monthly rent for such premises will cost several thousand rubles.

The nuances of using tie wire

Reinforcement of reinforced concrete structures is a key factor determining their reliability and durability. Concrete structures are reinforced with reinforcement cages assembled using binding wire, which we will talk about in this article.

Wire for tying reinforcement

The publication presents wire for reinforcement, discusses the scope of its use, types and features of application. Instructions for calculating material consumption and recommendations for its selection are provided.

Knit or weld reinforcement

When comparing a welded joint and a knitted knot, at first glance, the welded seam is more reliable. Is it so? Let's look at what problems a weld poses:

• Welding degrades the characteristics of the metal in the heating zone. Therefore, during operation, either the seam itself or the metal exposed to high temperatures may burst.
• When pouring a concrete mixture according to the technology, it is supposed to be subjected to vibration, which negatively affects the strength of the seam.
• Welding work requires the involvement of a specialist welder.

Therefore, in monolithic construction, preference is often given to a cheaper method of joining reinforcement - connecting it using a tying wire and a hook.

1 Knitting wire - where and why is it used?

Reinforcing wire is used in the field of individual and industrial construction for the manufacture of frames used to reinforce reinforced concrete structures. By means of a knitting wire, adjacent reinforcement bars are connected at the point of their overlap.

The material can be used in assembling the following types of frames:

The most common wire for reinforcement in monolithic construction. In the industrial production of reinforced concrete products - piles, floor slabs, reinforced concrete blocks, their frames, in order to save time, are joined using spot welding.

Connecting reinforcement with wire

Connecting reinforced frames using binding wire has two important advantages compared to welding technology. Firstly, the frame does not have weak points with increased susceptibility to corrosion, which are welded seams. During operation, the seams come into contact with moisture penetrating through the micropores of the concrete structure, the reinforcement rusts and the frame loses its original strength.

Also, many engineers point out that the frame connected by wire is elastic, which increases the overall strength and resistance of the concrete structure to deformation. Whereas a rigid welded frame is not able to handle serious bending loads that can cause cracks in concrete.

1.1 How to calculate material consumption?

According to the provisions of SNiP, the consumption rate of tying wire when assembling a reinforced frame is 30 cm per connection or 4 kg per ton of reinforcement . To find out how much material you will need to use, you need to determine the number of reinforcement joining points in the frame and calculate the total consumption.

As an example, we give the calculation of wire consumption for reinforcing a strip foundation. We use a conventional foundation size of 5 * 6 m, it will have 2 belts of longitudinal reinforcement - upper and lower, 3 rods in each, connected by vertical and transverse jumpers with a pitch of 40 cm.

Algorithm for determining flow:

In total, to connect the frame rods we will need to use 135 meters of material. Similarly, by determining the number of connections and multiplying them by the standard consumption, you can calculate the total wire consumption for assembling a reinforced frame of any configuration.

Methods of knitting reinforced frame

All or most of the reinforcement intersections in the frame must, for obvious reasons, be connected to each other. Connections of metal reinforcement are made in two ways - welding and knitting using knitting wire.

Welding

At first glance, the welded joint seems more progressive in comparison with the “antediluvian” knitting. It runs quite quickly and, at first glance, quite reliably. However, not everything is as it seems. Despite the fact that welding is still used today in the manufacture of reinforced frames, it has significant disadvantages and is not used in critical structures.

Disadvantages of connecting reinforcement by welding:

• increase in labor intensity and cost of work - it is necessary to attract a specialist welder, use welding equipment, and consume additional electricity;
• the possibility of use only on reinforcement intended for this technology, for example, on AIIIC rods (the letter “C” indicates the suitability of the reinforcement for welding), which complicates the search and purchase of materials;
• weakening of the frame - it becomes more rigid and cannot move, adapting to changing loads during the compaction of concrete with vibrators and its formation. As a result, some of the welding joints break and the strength of the concrete decreases;
• impossibility of use on fittings with a diameter of more than 20 mm;
• the susceptibility of the welding joint to corrosion when conditions for this process arise.

For these reasons, welded connections of reinforcement are used in less critical structures, as well as in products with a short service life, for example, in concrete slabs for paving sidewalks.

Mating

• Firstly, the absence of welding reduces the possibility of the formation of increased corrosion points.

• Secondly, the cost of work on knitting the frame is lower than similar work using welding.

• And thirdly, experienced installers take significantly less time to knit than a welder to create such a connection. Thus, individual workers can knit up to 20 joints per minute - such a speed is inaccessible to any welder.