Instructions: how to start a chainsaw so that it does not break down prematurely?

Not all beginners, having picked up this tool for the first time, know how to start a chainsaw. Especially in special situations, for example in the winter season. In addition, even the best quality tools must be handled correctly to avoid breakage or accidents. Despite the wide range of different models, they all run about the same.

Chainsaw and two-stroke engine devices

By design, all models of modern chainsaws are a mechanism driven by an internal combustion engine. Usually this is a single-cylinder two-stroke version, which does not have a classic gearbox. Its function is performed by a single-stage chain transmission, which drives the saw set. The main components of the chainsaw design:

• membrane type carburetor;
• ignition;
• fuel system;
• starter;
• air purification unit;
• chain and bar;
• chain brake (contact and inertial);
• tension mechanism;
• Lubrication system.

Figure 1 - External structure of a chainsaw
Chainsaws are equipped with a centrifugal clutch, which is activated automatically depending on engine speed. With sufficient power, special elements are pressed against the inside of the drum, setting the drive sprocket in motion. The advantage of such a mechanism is that when the saw jams in a cut, the clutch begins to slip, reducing the risk of breakage of the internal mechanisms.

Important ! The internal combustion engine in chainsaws has a maximum speed of up to 13.5 thousand per minute. The quality of its work directly depends on the fuel mixture and oil.

How to start a chainsaw?

In most European models, the starting system and starter have a similar device and operating mechanism. The exception is old domestically produced chainsaws (Ural, Lesnik). There is a handle on the body through which the cable is passed. If you lift it, the cable engages with the ratchet drum, and several revolutions of the crankshaft occur. At the same time, fuel is released and ignited with the help of a spark plug, after which the chainsaw starts up. To simplify the start, the following mechanisms can be implemented in high-quality chainsaw models:

• installing a damper in the carburetor to pre-enrich the fuel mixture;
• decompression valve, which reduces the operating pressure in the engine cylinder;
• a spring that simplifies the unwinding of the crankshaft while the cable is moving;
• additional pump for pumping fuel (usually found in American manufacturers).

The starter is constantly subjected to dynamic load. Because of this, it can fail at any time right during startup. If the saw is used frequently, it is recommended to carry out preventive maintenance at least once a year. It is recommended that only two people replace the cord in the starter, as it is necessary to securely fix the spring.

Setting up the fuel system

Factory carburetor adjustment is made according to average parameters, so the necessary adjustments to the operation of the fuel system are made during the operation of the chainsaw.

The sequence of self-tuning of the fuel system by the owner himself is given in the instructions. To bring the engine to the optimal level in terms of thrust and fuel economy, it is advisable to perform adjustments using special equipment that is equipped with service and repair services.

A running engine is checked for interruptions in the ignition system, extraneous noise, crankcase overheating and other defects. Full grinding in of loaded parts and assemblies of a new chainsaw is carried out in operating mode with moderate loads. With short breaks to cool the engine, you can cut wood with a diameter of 100-150 mm.

Preparing for launch

Before starting the chainsaw for the first time, you should check the condition of the saw set and the quality of the tension of the bolts on the body. After this, prepare the fuel mixture in the proportion specified by the manufacturer and pour it correctly into the tool tank. You cannot start work without making sure that the device is in full working order - this can lead to breakdown of expensive elements and serious injuries.

Preparing the fuel mixture

For normal operation of the chainsaw, it is recommended to take gasoline with an octane number of at least 90. The best option is AI-92 grade; the use of lower quality fuel can cause engine knocking and a decrease in its productivity.

Figure 2 – Filling with fuel mixture

Two-stroke engine oil is required for both break-in and continuous operation. It is better to purchase brands designed for specific chainsaw models. The proportions for preparing the fuel mixture for each saw are indicated in the operating instructions; on average, it is recommended to mix at a rate of 1:33. For old domestic chainsaws, the mixture is prepared in a ratio of 1:15.

Important ! Leaded fuel is used to refuel chainsaws with engines without a catalyst. Its presence can be identified by the green cap of the gas tank; for models with a catalyst, unleaded gasoline must be filled.

Refueling

It is recommended to prepare the dressing mixture in a metal container. First, pour the required amount of oil, and then dilute it with gasoline and bring until smooth. Carefully pour the prepared mixture into the chainsaw tank, being careful not to stain the body, and screw the cap tightly. The finished mixture can be stored for no more than 30 days, after which the oxidation process starts. At the same time as refueling, it is recommended to check the oil tank for chain lubrication and top it up if necessary.

Features of proper running-in of the unit after major repairs

Not only new chainsaws need grinding in parts, but also units that have undergone a major overhaul of the internal combustion engine. The process of running in a chainsaw motor that has undergone a major overhaul (that is, after replacing the piston) is completely similar to the instructions described above. The only difference is that the grinding process will not last as long as for a new tool.

Typically, the running-in period of a chainsaw after a major overhaul lasts for the duration of burning 1-2 full tanks of fuel. Similarly, you need to set the carburetor to the minimum maximum speed values. After completing the process, you will need to adjust the carburetor again by turning screw H clockwise a quarter turn. However, it is worth understanding that in order to achieve the most effective carburetor setting, its adjustment must be carried out using a tachometer.

Among owners of new tools, the question often arises: how to break in a Chinese chainsaw? The process of running in Chinese, European and domestic units is identical, as described in the instructions above. The most important thing is to determine whether the tools are household or professional. The difference between these tools is significant, and the most important thing for a household chainsaw is to prevent it from overheating. Professional and semi-professional units are more reliable, but during break-in it is also necessary to adhere to the engine operating time interval.

To increase the service life of the tool, you need to provide proper care from the first day. And this care must begin even before starting the chainsaw engine and cutting firewood.

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How to turn on a chainsaw?

After preparing the tool for sawing and filling the fuel tank, you can proceed directly to start-up. It should be remembered that after purchasing a chainsaw, a run-in is required - starting at idle, cutting wood (up to 10 cm in diameter) at medium speed. Foreign models reach full power after 5-7 tanks have been used up; old domestic saws are run in at partial load for 24 hours (3-4 full refills). During this period, it is strictly forbidden to heat the engine, allow prolonged idling, or apply maximum loads when sawing.

Launch stages

After all checks, you can run the tool for further work. To do this, the saw must be placed on a stable surface so that the bar does not touch the ground. Step-by-step algorithm:

1. Disengage the chain brake using the handle on the body of the chainsaw.
2. Turn on the ignition by pressing the button or switch (usually the leftmost position).
3. Move the air supply damper to the closed position. Pull out the throttle lever and lock it in an intermediate position.
4. Take the front handle with your left hand and press it lightly to the bottom. Step on the protective shield of the right handle with your foot.
5. With your other free hand, you plan to pull the starter handle towards you until the pawls in the ratchet mechanism engage the drum clutch. Make a sharp jerk.
6. After the first flash in the ignition chamber, turn the air damper to its original position. Start the saw again.

Once the engine starts, give full throttle and release the throttle lever completely. Normally, the trigger unit should automatically turn off.

Important ! The starting position of the saw depends on the specific model as well as your dominant hand. Compact versions of this tool can be launched on weight.

Features of starting with a cold and hot engine

In order for the engine to start, several processes occur simultaneously in the device. The supply of the fuel mixture to the engine piston begins, it is compressed and ignited by a spark from the spark plug. At the same time, the quality of the air mixture differs when starting with a cold and hot internal combustion engine.

If in a heated state a normal level of air is sufficient, then in a cold state there is not enough of it. In such a situation, it is necessary to pull the starter many times, which leads to wear on its cable. To regulate the supply of air mass in the carburetor there is a special damper. In cold weather, it must be opened completely, if necessary, pump fuel directly into the carburetor using a primer. This will speed up the startup of the chainsaw and reduce the risk of damage to its main components.

How to hold the instrument?

There are several methods for holding a chainsaw to start. The simplest option is to place the tool on a flat surface, grab the upper handle with your left hand, holding the guard with your foot. The second way is to hold the top handle of the saw with your hand and secure the back part between your legs. This position is only suitable for low-power and compact models of household chainsaws.

Figure 4 - How to hold a chainsaw

Checking the oil supply

To achieve the sliding of the chain along the headset, there is a special oil tank in the engine crankcase - it supplies oil to the tire. Its operation is controlled by a special pump, which starts when the engine speed increases. To check the flow and operation of the lubrication process, you need to remove the side protection of the tire and start the tool. If the oil enters the headset and decreases in the tank (check with a dipstick), then no action is required. If the amount of mixture is insufficient, it is recommended to clean or replace the filter, and then adjust the flow.

Step-by-step instruction

When the brake is activated, the assembly process is much slower, so it is still safe and more comfortable to turn on the mechanism without the use of brake equipment.

1 diagram of the standard mechanism

1. Step 1. Before starting the benzoyl, you need to move the flap, which acts as an adjustment lever, downward compared to the optimal position.
   First you need to press the button responsible for supplying gas. Only if this condition is met is it possible for the damper to move normally all the way to the bottom. You need to simultaneously move the throttle and hold down the gas button. The gas is set to the standard position, and the damper closes the carburetor, preparing the device for proper operation. Jerking the starter handle
2. Step 2. The starter handle should be pulled, and this is done jerkily, not softly. This action requires the use of moderate force. You should continue these jerks until you can clearly hear the start of the chainsaw ignition, which will end (quiet) very quickly. After this action is completed, the position of the damper must be moved one step up.
3. Step 3. The starter handle is pulled again until the system starts. When the device begins to work actively, high speed is immediately noticeable, since the throttle is at a high level. It must be remembered that sometimes chainsaws are supplied without a starter, then all actions with this element are released.
4. Step 4. The gas button is pressed once and then released, then the throttle position will immediately become optimal. The speed, that is, the intensity of the chain revolutions, decreases.
5. Step 5. The already warmed-up chainsaw starts up when the lever is placed in position “1”, and then steps are taken to turn on the device.
6. Step 6. To turn off the engine of the device, you need to put the damper in the highest position.

2 diagram of the standard mechanism - how to start the saw correctly

1. Step 1. Turn on the ignition. To do this, you need to move the toggle switch to the desired location or move the switch.
2. Step 2: The swap primer usually has to be pressed more than twice.
   Gasoline is poured into it, after which you will have to press the device more than three times. Sometimes the chainsaw is not equipped with a primer, then you can skip this step. Adjustment lever
3. Step 3. The adjustment lever responsible for the location of the damper must be pulled out all the way. Many chainsaws have the ability to block this element. Then it can only be moved by simultaneously pressing and holding the gas button. Some chainsaws do not have such a lock, which makes their use more comfortable. For these models, gas may not be detected or retained when using automatic technologies.
4. Step 4. You need to take the starter handle and pull with sharp movements until you hear the ignition work. It is marked by starting and almost instantly turning off the engine. After this, the damper must be pushed back to its original position, checking that it reaches the stop. Then the starter handle is pulled again until the device starts. Before carrying out this activity, you need to make sure that this is the method that will help the chainsaw start. Some devices have a different ignition system. In order for the motor to work in them, you need to move the damper only 50%, and only pull it out completely when the motor begins to actively operate.
5. Step 5. If you purchased a model with a fixed gas, you need to prepare in advance for the highest engine speeds immediately after activating the device. When there is no fixation, the initial power is very low, so in most cases it has to be increased. If you do not take any action, then in the latter case the saw works for a short period of time, and then automatically stalls. If such a situation occurs, you need to start the chainsaw again.
6. Step 6. When the chainsaw is already hot, that is, it has recently been in working condition, to turn it on, just move the toggle switch, thereby activating the ignition, and then pull the starter handle.

For more details, watch the video:

What to do if the chainsaw does not start?

There are many factors why a chainsaw will not start if the starting technology is followed. The most common causes and ways to eliminate them:

• there is no spark on the spark plug - replacement or drying is required if water gets in;
• problem with the supply of gasoline to the filter - blowing out the fuel hose or filter, replacing;
• If the fuel or air filter is clogged , proper cleaning is required.

If these simple tips do not help, you need a full diagnosis of the problems. It is recommended to take the chainsaw to a service center, where they can check the compression of the cylinder and crankcase, as well as the operation of the carburetor.

Proper starting of the chainsaw ensures stable and reliable operation of this tool. When starting, before starting sawing, you should properly prepare and fill the fuel mixture and adjust the main structural elements. It is important to take into account weather conditions, as well as the features of a particular model.

Conclusion

The chainsaw must be started according to standard instructions. If any problems arise with the device, for example, the chainsaw does not start, you need to quickly fix them or take the device for repair, as well as identify faults and work correctly with the chainsaw, you need to know the features of its design. To find out how to quickly turn on the device and fix the malfunction, just study the basic set of necessary actions and perform them. Read about how to properly start your chainsaw before starting it for the first time.

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