High-precision screw-cutting lathe 16U04P is perfect for work in repair shops and garages

Before the collapse of the USSR, the 15u04p lathe was manufactured on the territory of Armenia; Soviet engineers used it in educational institutions, where during training it was necessary to conduct practical classes on the instrument itself. Over time, due to the ease of operation, this metal cutting machine began to be used in repair shops. To become more familiar with this model, you need to study the characteristics and purposes of the device.

Its processing accuracy corresponds to class “P”, the power of the device is 0.8, the 1972 series has small dimensions with a weight of 540. Some are distrustful of this series, but professionals unanimously say that when comparing it with other models of this class, purchase the device costs. It is not untested equipment that has recently come into production. Over the decades in the metal processing industry, its popularity has only increased.

Manufacturer information

The Armenian city of Kirovkan was the second largest in the number of industrial enterprises in the republic. Among the leading ones was the plant of precision machine tools - KZPS. It produced high-precision equipment, including CNC and laser machines. They received numerous prizes. At the international fairs in Plovdiv and Leipzig, Kirovok products received gold medals.

In 1988, during an earthquake, the KZPS was completely destroyed. Many workers died. After this, the workshops were never restored. The 16U series teaching machines are no longer in production, but they were produced in the last century and continue to work. Read also: lathe DIP-500 its features and technical characteristics.

Purpose and scope

Precision screw-cutting lathe - increased accuracy, machine 16U04P was intended for training young people in vocational schools, schools and technical schools. High processing accuracy and small dimensions made it possible to use the equipment in laboratories and repair shops.

The following operations are performed on a screw-cutting lathe 16U04P:

• rough processing;
• fine turning along the axis;
• trimming ends;
• cutting metric, inch and pitch threads;
• processing of external cones;
• drilling and boring ends.

The purpose of 16U04P is the production of turning works, the production of single parts with high precision.

16U03P, 16U04P characteristics

The technical characteristics of screw-cutting lathes models 16U03P, 16U04P allow for high-precision turning operations, including processing of metal workpieces in chucks, collets and centers.

Figure 1.2 - Working space of machines 16u03p (in the figure on the left); 16u04p (in the picture on the right):

I - sketch of the caliper; II - sketches of the end of the spindle; III - sketch of the tailstock quill

a - under the center; b - under the collet.

Specifications

According to the accuracy class, 16U04P machines belong to group P - precision. It processes parts with a diameter of up to 200 mm and a maximum length of 350 mm.

The spindle has a through hole. It allows you to use a rod with a diameter of up to 20 mm as a workpiece when it is fastened in a chuck, and rolled up to 10 mm when using a collet.

The spindle rotation speed is adjusted smoothly and steplessly. The maximum frequency of forward and reverse spindle rotation is 3500 rpm. There is no brake.

The caliper has a maximum movement:

• longitudinal – 350 mm;
• transverse – 135 mm.

One division of the dial is 0.025 mm with transverse feed. When moving along the axis of the part - 0.5 mm.

Important!

The cutting slide moves up to 120 mm and rotates 45⁰, which allows you to sharpen cones.

The tailstock quill with a diameter of 35 mm has a longitudinal movement of up to 70 mm. Morse hole taper 2.

The 0.8 kW electric motor rotates at 1370 rpm.

Location of main parts

The 16U04P screw-cutting lathe consists of large units:

• bed;
• headstock;
• tailstock;
• apron;
• sled;
• variable speed drive;
• guitar;
• gearbox.

The main motor is mounted on a foundation below the headstock. The remaining components are mounted on the frame.

Rotation from the engine to the spindle is transmitted through a variator belt drive and gearbox gears. The control mechanism is located at the top of the body.

The headstock contains the spindle and the variator gearbox. They reduce the number of revolutions of the motor shaft and increase the power of the machine. Gears and bearings are splash lubricated.

A guitar is attached to the headstock on the left side. The feed speed is varied by installing gears with different numbers of teeth.

The apron is located below the headstock and protrudes beyond the frame. Due to rotation through the feed box, it drives the drive shaft and moves the caliper along the frame - the axis of the part. The screw is turned on to cut the thread. It provides a given cutter pitch - the ratio of revolutions and longitudinal movements.

The tailstock is on the right. It moves along the guides manually. The quill extends by rotating the handle at the end of the assembly.

Device

In addition to them, the mechanism itself consists of:

1. The front beam, which regulates the work when cutting metal, helps control the movement of the drive and regulate the thread cutting process. This allows you to select the volume of metal boring, which is why it is called a high-precision screw cutting machine.
2. Guitar attached to the front beam. It has replaceable gears on which cutters are located that control the processing process. If necessary, it is possible to install different gear options.
3. Feed box attached to the front beam. With good precision adjustment, it allows you to obtain one processing step size, controlled by two handles.
4. Apron. With its help, longitudinal movement of the caliper is carried out.

Due to its practicality and ease of carrying out various types of work, the device has become one of the most common among equipment associated with processing metal workpieces. In addition to the main advantages of this model, it is easy to repair and carry out the necessary procedures to improve the workflow and extend its service life.

In addition to all the advantages, this device has one more thing that cannot be ignored: its price. Compared to the prices of other similar devices, its price is more affordable for the buyer, and its practicality and efficiency are also excellent.

Location of controls

On the top of the headstock body there are switches for the pick and pull bit. Below are the longitudinal feed switch handles and the lead screw activation handle.

On the front panel of the feed box there are buttons: stop brake, start of forward and reverse rotation of the spindle. There is also a flywheel that regulates the speed of the chuck and the spindle with the variator handle.

On the apron are located:

• handwheel for manual transverse movement of the slide;
• button to turn it off;
• longitudinal feed switch handle;
• handle for manual movement of the caliper.

The light turns on on the lampshade. The tailstock controls are located on it.

About design features

The variator, which is equipped with a metal lathe 16u04p, consists of two units:

• gearbox (two-speed);
• the variator itself with a V-belt (quite wide).

The control mechanism is located on the body. A handwheel is used to move the variator disk. It is connected to the speed setting scales through a planetary gear. You can switch speeds using the handle located on the dial flange.

In the PB housing - installed and secured on top of the frame - there are:

• control mechanism;
• spindle;
• overkill

Its receiving pulley is mounted on a bushing that is coaxial with the spindle itself. The transmission of its rotation is carried out from the pulley at the moment the gear coupling is turned on. Another option is through brute force. The gear ratio in this case is 1 to 4. Submit electronic reporting with the Astral Report service to all regulatory authorities quickly and without errors: Federal Tax Service, Social Insurance Fund, Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, Rosstat, Rosalkogolregulirovanie and others.

The drive pulley, as well as the rear spindle supports, are located in the cup. The front spindle support has a 2-row roller type bearing. It is this element that absorbs radial loads. As for the rear support, there is also something here, namely: a pair of bearings (this time angular contact), which perceive a different type of load - axial.

The movement of the caliper in the longitudinal plane is ensured by the apron. If there is a need to turn a workpiece, the movement is transmitted to the screw by a rack and pinion gear, and if threading is required, through a nut (uterine nut). The latter moves along special guides located behind the apron. Inside it there is a mechanism that transmits movement to the gear from the drive shaft.

The longitudinal feed is controlled in a special way: it is carried out using the same handle. Therefore, during operation, it is necessary to block one mode by another. The apron mechanisms need lubrication. It is controlled by a gear immersed in an appropriate (oil) bath.

And another important design element is the feed box. If you use a permanent guitar tuning, it [the box] makes it possible to get 4 different feeds plus 1 step size when cutting threads. The first roller of the box rotates due to the transmission of movement to it from the guitar gears. It can be controlled using a pair of handles located on the front cover.

Electric scheme

The main electric motor runs on three-phase current with a voltage of 380/220 V. It drives the main operating units:

• rotates the spindle through the gearbox;
• moves the caliper and slide over the shaft and screw.

The motor is turned on and off on the front panel of the machine. When turned off - pressing the “Stop” button, the circuit opens, the current stops flowing to the winding and braking is activated.

From the main drive, through a step-down transformer, the machine lighting operates - a lamp on a flexible leg with a 36 V light bulb. It is installed on the back of the support and moves along the machine along with the cutter.

The second engine starts the lubrication and cooling system pumps. It turns on automatically when the equipment starts operating.

Electrical equipment has protection:

• zero on the starter coils;
• thermal overload relay;
• automatic circuit breakers and fuse links against short circuits.

Important!

All electrical equipment is connected to the ground loop.

Installation drawing

The area for installation of the machine has dimensions of 1350×505 mm. The length and width of the unit at the extreme protruding points (handles) are 1380 mm and 706 mm. There are 3 mounting bolts at a distance of 76 mm from the rear border. The first is at a distance of 76 mm from the left end under the headstock. The center-to-center distance between the rest is 437 and 750 mm.

There are 2 bolts in front on the headstock side at a distance of 351 from the fasteners located at the rear.

Instructions for use, passport

Before starting work on the 16U04P machine, you must read the Manual. After the requirements for packaging and transportation, it specifies the equipment and operating conditions:

• after each shift, remove chips, wipe and lubricate the guides;
• Oil changes are carried out monthly;
• cutters are installed in a cutter holder with a stem thickness of 10×10 mm and 12×12 mm;
• preventive inspections and replacement of wear parts every 6 months.

Screw-cutting lathes 16U04P are designed for processing steel and cast iron parts. Turning of wooden and plastic blanks is performed with a special tool in extreme cases.

You can download the machine's passport for free from the link - Passport of the lathe 16U04P.

About the technical parameters

Let's look at the technical characteristics of the 16u04p lathe, thanks to which it was and continues to be one of the most popular models. For convenience, we present them in the form of a table: