Angular contact bearings: size table, how to properly install an angular contact bearing - diagrams

Ball and roller bearings using the rolling principle have long satisfied customer demands in a wide variety of applications. But the mechanisms became more complex and more demanding on supports, and the need arose for units with the most compact radial dimensions, high load capacity and good rigidity. The needle bearing has become an excellent alternative to support where the roller bearing was too bulky and slow-moving, and the ball unit was not sufficiently resistant to loads. Despite the significant drawback that the needle bearing element does not withstand the thrust type of load, these parts quickly became in demand and today the use of needle bearings covers not only industrial production, but also the transport industry. If a radial type of force acts on a rotating support, with a very large value, the shaft rotation speed is quite high, and free space is limited, needle models can become a non-alternative solution to the problem. Due to the fact that the diameter of the roller (needle) is small, both the inner and outer rings have a minimum height. Some series of products are generally designed in such a way that the inner element in them is replaced by a seat bushing, and the outer element is replaced by part of the shaft. Such a bearing consists only of a cage that holds the needles.

General description of the part

The element serves to impart rotation to some parts of the system, while the core (usually a shaft) remains stationary. You can achieve high speeds and speeds, as well as increase resistance to pressure and friction, if you use the spare part correctly. Structurally, the mechanism is simple and consists of:

• outer and inner rings;
• bodies of rotation - balls or rollers;
• separators creating cells;
• seals to prevent dirt from entering.

In order for the mating surfaces to glide better, they need to be constantly lubricated. There are not only ones built on the principle of rolling, but also sliding. Instead of small metal elements, they contain a lubrication cavity or a solid liner, which improves movement and prevents the occurrence of high friction forces.

Either the bushing or the rim can remain stationary. In this case, it is necessary to achieve a high degree of alignment when fastening. But with the most efficient installation, there may be a gap; it is filled with lubricating substances. Sometimes one of the rings is completely missing, this has a very positive effect on mating, maximum contact is achieved, but can only be used in systems that are well protected from moisture and contamination.

The advantage and peculiarity of angular contact bearings, unlike thrust bearings, is that their design is designed for two types of loads simultaneously. Both for radial and axial to varying degrees. This allows the nodes to be used in various fields, significantly increasing their significance and relevance.

How to choose a needle bearing by size

To select a needle bearing by size, you do not need to have special education or extensive experience working with mechanisms. Determining the linear dimensions and landing dimensions is much simpler than calculating the permissible load and durability of the unit. The bearing designation, which modern manufacturers apply to the product in accordance with GOST or ISO, simplifies the task as much as possible. Selection of standard size is made in accordance with three main parameters: • Fitting size of the part, that is, internal diameter d. In needle supports it is standardized to a pitch of 5 mm; • Outer diameter D, which can be determined in accordance with the installation location in the mechanism body; • Full width of part B. Any needle bearing from the catalog, the dimensions of which correspond to internationally accepted standards, is marked on the end of one of the rings. An exception can be made only for the smallest products, the parameters of which are indicated on the packaging. Both the markings on the part and the description offered by the catalog meet a strict rule - dimensions are indicated only in this order: dxDxB. When choosing a bore diameter, it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of the shaft. If the part has a conical shape, then the smallest diameter value is taken as the basis. In terms of outer size, the part is selected taking into account not one, but two parameters: • D1 – main outer diameter of the bearing; • D2 – diameter of the product along its locking part. In this case, the marking will always look like D1/D2. The width of the part plays no less importance, which must be chosen taking into account some nuances. You should always remember that in some models the width of the inner ring and outer ring may have different values.

Kinds

Classification occurs according to various parameters - by size, the use of various bodies of rotation, by design features, the number of rows, as well as by manufacturers. The online store "Mobi Bearing" presents a wide range of products from domestic and foreign companies. If you don’t know exactly which model you need, our consultants will help you choose. The main thing is to know the size range and purpose of the knot. Let's look at what they are below.

Single row angular contact ball bearings

The design of such ball bearings can be called classic. The balls are slightly offset in relation to the inner and outer rings, this allows them to absorb a high axial load on the part. They can be produced open or with closing seals. At the same time, there are separators everywhere. They can be stamped (a cheaper option) or more durable - made of brass. You can also divide all models into collapsible and solid. The first ones are good because they can be opened, cleaned and lubricated, and secondly, the lubricant is provided for the entire period of operation.

The peculiarities include the fact that they usually move in one direction, so if rotation in both directions is necessary, they are installed in pairs. They have low angular self-alignment, so they are not applicable in systems with high levels of vibration or frequent shocks or mechanical damage. Typically, the contact angle in the product reaches 40 degrees. This inclination provides good acceptance of axial loads and increased load capacity - all this in comparison with both support and conventional radial units.

Double row angular contact ball bearings

They are structurally similar to the previous type, but differ in two raceways with a separator between them and a correspondingly increased number of rotating bodies. The balls can be arranged symmetrically with respect to each other or in a checkerboard pattern. In general, the part resembles two double single-row ball bearings, but they take up much less space and are more compact than this tandem.

In terms of purpose, they are more universal, because due to the ability to work in two directions, the range of actions increases. They also have slight self-alignment (that is, a deviation of up to 4 degrees is permissible), and the contact angle is 25-35°, so the axial load on them is permissible less, but the load capacity is the same in both directions.

There is one more pleasant feature - strict alignment of the shafts is not necessary; operation will be optimal even with a small gap.

Radial roller, equipped with short cylindrical rollers

They can have any number of rows or paths. The main design difference is the presence of short cylinders instead of balls. This leads to a very large load capacity and the perception of significant external loads. But axial impacts are only permissible for short periods. This explains the lack of speed. The main application is in large machines, for example, for metalworking, when it is necessary to perform few rotations, but it is necessary to work with large and heavy adjacent spare parts.

Another significant advantage is the ability to self-install. It is typical for all roller bearings because the contact between the elements is much greater. The result is that there is virtually no edge stress and can be used even in conditions of frequent or intense vibrations.

They are products with increased strength and long service life.

Double-row spherical angular contact roller bearings: designation and differences

The main load is perpendicular to the shaft, and they can withstand a very large load capacity. The axle can also have a fairly large impact, but it should not be more than 25% of the permissible radial stress. Very unpretentious in terms of installation, alignment and other technical errors. They work in both directions due to two rows of bodies of rotation, which are spheres, not cylinders. Due to the rounding of the rollers at the edges, sufficient self-alignment is ensured, as well as the absence of edge stress.

The units find application in large objects that differ in size and misalignment of parts, and also do not require a high axial load. These could be water pumps, industrial fans, large gearboxes, saw frames, propeller shafts, rolling mills.

Markings and features of needle angular contact bearings

Needles are the same rollers, but with a smaller cross-section and a higher frequency of installation. Miniature width dimensions allow you to make small assemblies with high load capacity and the perception of high loads.

Differences and technical characteristics:

• Compared to ball bearings, they absorb more radial stress, although they may be the same size. This is explained by the contact of the elements, which exceeds the ball contact.
• Lack of sensitivity to mechanical shocks and vibrations.
• Possibility of manufacturing without separators - then the load can be increased, but the rotation speed will be reduced. Dividers are typically stamped or made from brass.
• There are options even without both rings - external and internal.
• Small dimensions.
• Low top speed.

They are usually marked with RN at the beginning, followed by numbers.

How to properly install and under what conditions to use angular contact bearings with twisted rollers

The coiling of bodies of rotation is carried out using a metal tape. If the product is two-row, then the direction of this process in different directions is important. This allows not only movement in two directions, but also promotes better distribution of lubricant. One of the advantages is that they are not sensitive to dirt and do not break from mechanical stress or shock.

But there are disadvantages regarding cylindrical rollers or ball bearings:

• axial load is not perceived at all;
• low load capacity;
• low rotation speed.

Installation of such units occurs in low-speed machines without the need for high speed, but with operation in conditions of possible contamination. For example, in agricultural machines.

GOST for angular contact ball bearings

Here we will no longer divide them into single-row and double-row, but we will present the general features of the design. The regulatory document that governs their production and use is GOST 831-75. But the standards are so international that there are foreign repetitions of Russian products of any standard size. The documentation provided contains a detailed nomenclature of all sizes, as well as several drawings. Let's list them here:

It is virtually impossible to fully implement the size range within one article, but we will give an example of a table below to make it clear how to handle it.

Tapered angular contact roller bearing

Cone-shaped rollers provide an advantage in terms of absorbing both axial and radial loads. The first ones depend on the area of ​​contact of bodies of rotation with raceways. The higher it is, the greater the load capacity.

Their permissible speed and rotation frequency are small even compared to cylindrical roller bearings; it is more comparable to spherical ones.

They can be single-row, double-row, four-row, as well as with a removable design and one-piece, without an outer or inner ring.

What does a thrust ball bearing consist of?

The radial load is small, as is the contact area of ​​the balls with the track. But there is good axial load capacity and increased rotation speed. To avoid high friction forces, separators are often made not by metal stamping, but from glass-filled polyamide.

Thrust roller

Similar to the previous one, but in a roller bearing there is a higher permissible stress perpendicular to the shaft. Therefore, they are used on larger products. In this case, the rotation speed decreases proportionally. The peculiarity of how to install angular contact roller bearings is that they do not require high accuracy and alignment. They will work with deviations of up to 2.5 degrees.

Articulated

This is a unit that does not operate on the rolling principle, but on sliding technology. These are two rings - the outer and the inner, which have spherical surfaces. Thanks to them, the products are self-centering. The load is distributed very evenly, because If there are no bodies of rotation, then there is virtually no edge load either, so we can talk about very high axial and radial stresses.

Depending on the manufacturing materials and coatings, they can change their characteristics - be more or less durable, require additional maintenance (lubrication) or not.

Functionality of bearing selection services

The choice of bearing is carried out according to several parameters. Before going to the store, take all the necessary measurements and determine the installation locations. Here's what information needs to be disclosed:

• rolling type - rollers, balls, sliding;
• shape or type - standard/non-standard, cone-shaped;
• separator type - metal, plastic, brass;
• design - with or without seals;
• number of rows - 1 or 2;
• structural differences - bushing, limiter, collar.

It is also important to know the name of the machine unit in which it is installed. This information will help save search time. For example, in field conditions, when the necessary tool for taking measurements is not at hand, and the element number has worn out.

If the dimensions are known, it is easier to select a bearing. Various online services on the Internet will quickly find the part; just enter known values ​​into the calculator, as well as additional weight (optional). Automatic calculations provide valuable information:

• article number of the required part;
• price;
• variants of analogues and modifications.

The standard interface of an online store selling bearings provides users with 2 or more tools. There must be a calculator - an application that in 5-10 seconds will select the necessary products from a huge assortment (50-100 thousand items) according to technical parameters.

Another useful tool is a cross-cutting table or interactive list. Here the products are presented by serial number, according to geometric dimensions, weight, name, as well as other information in the electronic catalog. The search in this case takes more time, but it finds not only the bearing of the required size, but also its analogues.

If you follow the instructions, all ball bearings in the catalog are scanned in a shorter time:

• first select the type of element for its intended purpose - for example, industrial;
• then in the list that opens, enter the type - roller or spindle;
• indicate brand or sort by size BxdxD;
• go to the specified page, where all the data and a cross-sectional diagram of the product will be presented.

At the bottom of the page there are phone numbers or the ability to enter an online chat. If you don’t have time to search online, call (write) the consultants and get all the information you need.

Popular brands:

BMW X5

Purpose and installation diagram of angular contact bearings

They find their application in products for which both types of loads are important. At the same time, they further look at the required speed, load capacity, operating conditions, the presence of vibrations and shocks, the need for self-installation, directionality in one or two directions and other characteristics in order to select a model from the classification list that we have given today.

Use - in general technical industries everywhere, in mechanical engineering, tank building, aircraft manufacturing, the chemical industry and numerous other areas.

Let's show the distribution diagram of radial and axial load:

Selecting a needle bearing online

Now you can buy a needle bearing without the slightest difficulty, since the search for the desired model by characteristics can be entrusted to a special program that works online. The spreadsheet located on the website makes it possible to choose one single optimal option from thousands of possible ones. To do this, you just need to specify three product parameters d, D and B, and then click the “Search” button. The online application will instantly offer all suitable models from different manufacturers and the consumer will only have to consider the workload indicators, durability and parameters associated with special operating conditions. Our online store offers a huge selection of parts for use in various mechanisms and industries. If you are looking for where to buy a single or multi-row ball or roller support element or needle bearing, the price of which is reasonable and the quality is officially guaranteed by the manufacturer, then our company is exactly what you need. We have been cooperating with the world's most famous brands for many years and offer quality, efficiency and the highest level of service. The selection of any type of bearings by size on our official website can be performed by a program that will save you effort, nerves and, of course, time. The products of our store are located in the company’s warehouse in Moscow and we are ready to send a batch of goods of any volume to different regions of the Russian Federation immediately after placing an order.

Size tables

All standard sizes can be found in numerous GOSTs. The documents provide an extensive list, but we will show what it looks like and how to use it, using the example of single-row angular contact ball bearings - their difference from radial bearings is that they can simultaneously perceive axial stress.

In the same way, you can look at other tables; we will present several markings to understand how to distinguish one product from another by letters or numbers. In the table we have given only the list with “B” at the end, but there are also “A” and “C” of the same sizes. The difference lies in the load capacity and the materials used. You can also find the following designation - 72 BE or 72 B - this is the same, but in a foreign style, however, all standard sizes comply with GOST. Plus, suffixes - “A”, “AC”, “B”, “CA” and others can be added to the marking; they indicate the contact angle and other design features. You can find out more about each model by calling a consultant at the Mobi Bearing online store. There are good prices and quality service here.

Installation

Recommendations for installation:

• check the assembly for visual defects, rotate it;
• measure the radial clearance;
• the shaft needs to be looked at for the straightness of its axes;
• the alignment should not exceed that allowed in the technical accompanying documentation;
• The mating surfaces must be clean, dry, and, if necessary, treated with lubricant.