✅ Cart (trailer) for a tractor - device, types, do it yourself

Many farmers are interested in how to make a homemade trailer for a mini tractor. Most rural residents appreciated agricultural machinery, but only more economical and compact ones, such as a mini-tractor. With such a vehicle you can not only plow, loosen the garden, mow grass and remove snow, but also transport various loads. And for this type of work you need to have a convenient and reliable trailer. Many people do not dare to buy such a simple but expensive product on the Russian market, but try to do it with their own hands. But where to start and how to make a tractor trailer with your own hands?

Photo: alexhobby.ru

Tractor trailer device

The design of the tractor cart consists of the following parts:

Wheels and chassis;
Frames (frame part);
Flatbed body;
The mechanism responsible for lifting the body;
Tow hitch.

Based on their functional features, tractor trailers come in two types:

Single axle tractor trailer – popular models that are suitable for transporting bulk and semi-liquid materials;
Read also: Every radio amateur should know this: the difference between rosin and flux
Biaxial – for machines transporting heavy loads or bulk materials in large quantities.

Depending on the type of trailed equipment, there are also two types of tractors:
The cart is a dump truck - the trailer is tilted by an automatic system. This type is simpler and more convenient. Unloading is performed by turning a special lever;

Forced tipping - the body is lifted by additional mechanical devices.

Trailer installation for tractor

Before you start creating your own trailer, it is important to know its structure and design features. Consists of the following parts:

flatbed body;
several wheels and chassis;
base - metal frame;
mechanism for lifting the body;
trailed for connection to a tractor.

Also, depending on the scope of use and required characteristics, there are two types of trailers:

With one axis - the simplest and most popular model, especially relevant for transporting bulk or other materials;
With two axles - they have a powerful design and therefore allow you to transport heavy loads and materials.

Tractor functions

Any tractor must be able to perform several functional duties, because its work is aimed at farms and household plots. If you use attachments, the tractor is capable of:

collect snow in winter;
harvest in gardens, fields, farm plots;
transport various cargoes;
plow and cultivate the land.

And without a trailer, it can be impossible to complete such tasks, which means everyone who buys a tractor must take care of such equipment as a trailer. Using a dump trailer, you can easily perform tasks such as harvesting and unloading crops, transporting seedlings, transporting crops, building materials and much more.

How to make a trailer for a tractor

We recommend making single-axle trailers with your own hands; they are simple and do not require special costs or skills. The main stages of creation include:

Creating a drawing of the future, which is created based on indicators such as future application, load capacity, dimensions of each part, etc.;
Procurement of necessary materials - channels, steel sheets, pipes, wheels, plywood boards, running block. Try to choose good quality metal materials.
A frame is made, in which it is necessary to make a front yoke, attach fastenings for the central axis by welding and create a strong rear beam.
With the help of hinges and side members (side members), the base of the wheels is created. In this case, the axle is fixed to the frame.
Creation of the body. The main material will be sheet steel, which is selected of sufficient thickness and quality.
Making trailer equipment, during the work you need to create a balance between attaching the drawbar and the trailer frame.
Creation and installation of a tipping mechanism. It is extremely difficult to create it yourself, so you take a ready-made hydraulic cylinder and attach it to the body. Its task is to tip the body and dump the cargo. If desired, you can do without such a mechanism.
Running in the trailer is carried out by moving for a short time without loading the trailer.

An important step is the installation of wheels; an excellent advantage is that you can install wheels and even springs from various cars on a homemade trailer. But keep in mind that you need to install the wheels in the center of the trailer for an even load.

Video

DIY tractor trailer

Before you start making a trailer, you need to develop drawings and prepare consumables: metal sheets, channels, plywood, chassis block, metal pipes, two wheels with the same radius.

A homemade cart is made according to the instructions in seven stages. The first stage is organization and planning. It is necessary to develop drawings and lay the technical foundations for the future device.

If we take into account all the dimensional characteristics, we get a spacious and reliable tractor cart, which has a stable wheel configuration and a powerful frame.

List of required materials for the trailer:

Sheet steel;
Channel, preferably steel or other durable material;
Sheets of plywood;
Metal or aluminum pipes;
Running block;
Wheels of equal diameter;
Electrical equipment;
Grinder or metal saw;
Fasteners and other elements for securing structural parts.

The presence of electric welding will simplify the process of manufacturing the trolley, and will also strengthen all structural elements.

Manufacturing process of key trailer parts

Scheme for creating a homemade cart:

Trailer frame. Design: front traverse, powerful rear beam, central axis, which strengthens the plate blade. For the manufacture of these elements, pipes with a diameter of 0.4 meters are suitable, which are connected by welding. The welded block will be static and motionless during movement when using channel side spars. It is better to reinforce the connections of the side members and the rear beam with gussets for greater structural strength;
Wheel base. When designing, a steel rod with a diameter of 0.35 meters can protrude beyond the axis. The wheel base is attached to the frame by longitudinal hinges or supports from the corners;
Body. Can be made of wood if suitable timber is available. But a more reliable option for containing heavy soils is metal or steel sheets. The dimensions of the body are determined individually and depend on the volume of work performed and the weight of the cargo. A wooden trailer requires high-quality solid planks. They are mounted on a metal base. The edges of the cart are secured to maintain balance;
Connection of structural elements. Once all the key parts are ready, you can start connecting them. The frame must be positioned horizontally. Otherwise, the mount is balanced to withstand high friction and vibration during tractor operation;
Lifting component. It is better to use a ready-made lift as a hydraulic cylinder. To connect to the frame block, you need a strut (under a truncated triangle). The upper stop (a regular steel circle is welded) is connected to the body frame. The hose is connected to the hydraulic drive of the unit itself;
Run-in. The finished device must be checked to ensure that it is as reliable, functional and safe as possible during use. First, the trailer must be run in without any load. If no problems arise, tests can be carried out with an initially small mass.

A homemade trailer is suitable for various equipment, including the MTZ 1221 tractor. To make and use the cart easier, it is worth watching a special video on the topic.

Cost-effective production of trailers 2 PTS-4 with your own hands

Having carefully assembled all the parts, you will receive a functional trailer for your own use, which will cost almost two or even three times less than its factory counterpart. Having initially given preference to domestic components, you can easily carry out routine maintenance and replacement of parts in the future without significant costs.

Having perfectly mastered the production of tractor dump trailers type 2 PTS-4, you will be able to organize your own business in the production and sale of these irreplaceable agricultural units. According to experts, the profitability of such a business is estimated at a high 50%. Consequently, you will not only take on a unique and sought-after project, but also ensure yourself a good profit!

If a new trailer costs over $4,000, then your cost to manufacture such a unit at home will be no more than $1,800. Therefore, you can sell them with a good markup even without documents. Farmers welcome savings, so they will definitely prefer a high-quality, but cheaper trailer from your production to its expensive factory analogue.

The main thing is to ensure maximum reliability, safety, and functionality. It is also worth providing the buyer with warranty service for manufactured dump trailers. And then you won’t end up with clients!

The cart frame is best made from 50x25x4 mm pipes, which will include a direct welded riser, front and rear side members. A 40x40x4 mm corner can act as a reinforcing cross member, and a 58x4 mm pipe can act as a longitudinal hinge. It is best to do everything by welding, as this will ensure the strength and integrity of the structure, eliminating the possibility of elements loosening (when using bolted fastening). Next, you should weld the seat posts from 40x40x4 mm corners, to which the wooden frame of the immediate body will be attached.

Selecting suitable wheels and mounting them

How to make a single-axle dump trailer for a mini tractor with your own hands

How to make a trailer for a mini-tractor with your own hands

First you need to decide what kind of agricultural work a trailer or homemade cart for a mini tractor will perform. You can simply transport various loads, or you can transport manure and unload it using a dump truck. Making the first option won’t be too difficult, but the second one will have to tinker. There is no need to rush, you need to immediately do it efficiently and thoughtfully. First you need to draw diagrams. A homemade cart or other types of trailers and tractor equipment will be manufactured according to the drawings. It is worth considering that the tow hitch must have good load capacity and light weight. Then you should determine what kind of trailer to the tractor will be - two-axle or single-axle.

Let's look at how to make a single-axle trailer for a mini tractor with your own hands:

First you need to weld the frame and the reinforcing crossbar.
It is better to make all connecting elements and pipe joints by welding. This will ensure the reliability and strength of the structure.
Then you need to weld the seat posts from pipes of a smaller cross-section.
Now let's decide on the choice of wheels. Since the product has 1 axle, 2 wheels are required.
It is better to take wheels for walk-behind tractors. They fit perfectly in diameter and have a reliable composition. With a reinforced tread, the tractor will be able to perform more complex types of loads and drive on bad roads without subjecting the tires to punctures.

But making a homemade two-axle trailer for a tractor is a little more difficult than a single-axle one, because a cart with 2 axles requires more welding and installation work. The frame can be made as for a single-axle trailer. With such a vehicle, if you are a fisherman, you can transport a boat.

A two-axle trailer has a more reliable design, since it has 2 axles and 2 pairs of wheels, so it has a larger load capacity.

Also, the weight of the transported cargo is distributed evenly on it.

Let's consider the requirements for the body. There are no strict correspondences at this point, but there is a choice. A body made of metal is more durable and reliable. But a wooden body will get wet in bad weather and collapse, even if it is treated with special anti-corrosion coatings. You can choose another material, but aluminum and thin sheet steel are best suited. They are very durable, can withstand heavy loads and are resistant to corrosion. Next you need to weld the sides for the trailer.

It is necessary to paint the entire frame and body, making it more protected and reliable. The paint should be chosen taking into account the material. If you choose wood, then the paint should be for wood products. Color, of course, does not play an important role, but dark paint attracts heat, which is not necessary for a tractor. But a light-colored trailer for a mini-tractor will be just right, because it repels the sun's rays.

Tools and materials

In order to choose the right materials and tools for the job, you must first determine how large the load on the trailer will be. Periodically hauling in a few bags of fertilizer or crops is one thing, but delivering large quantities of manure or equipping a trailer with a dump body is another matter entirely. Steel pipes are usually used to make the frame. The tubular structures will need to be connected using a welding machine.

Additionally, an axle is used on which the wheels removed from the walk-behind tractor are selected.

As practice shows, other wheels on trailers for mini-tractors do not work well. Two-axle trailers are more difficult to manufacture. This design will require more welding work, so you will have to prepare more electrodes of various sizes. For bodies, it is recommended to use metal rather than plastic.

Metal products are especially good if you plan to drive on forest roads, off-road, and along the banks of rivers or lakes. The wooden bodies of mini-tractors will definitely disappoint any hunter and fisherman. Even special coatings will not particularly increase their resistance to bad weather. The best options are definitely aluminum and thin steel sheets. Important: it is recommended to paint the metal with corrosion-resistant paint.

How to make a dump trailer

Let's look at how to make homemade dump truck trailers for mini tractors with your own hands. If you decide to make a dump trailer, then you need to decide on the choice of lifting mechanism. There is nothing complicated here as it seems at first glance. There are 2 options for dumping the trailer: manual self-tipping and mechanical. The first can be done by welding handles to the front of the trailer. The tractor driver will lift the structure with his own hands. But you can’t do it with just one pen.

It is necessary to make an L-shaped pin, after pulling it out the trailer will tip over itself under the force of the load. A mechanical one will be a little more difficult to do than a manual one. You can make a mechanism that lifts a trailer from different types of lifting equipment. For example, it could be a jack or an electric motor with a battery, a winch or a hydraulic system, or you can get by with an oil pump. You need to attach the mechanism to the body in the most convenient way for you.

To attach homemade trailer equipment for mini tractors to the vehicle itself, you will need to weld an extended beam and attach a towbar to its end that fits your tractor. The finishing touches are painting the structure you made, upholstering the seats, and inflating the wheels. Then you need to check how the homemade product works.

Comparison of homemade and factory trailers

You can buy a factory semi-trailer or a dump trailer. Trailers for mini tractors are sold in all cities of Russia. It's just the price that may disappoint you. The cheapest type costs 10 thousand rubles, not to mention the design with a lifting mechanism.

Why spend money when you can make a reliable and durable trailer for your equipment with your own hands. You just have to have the materials necessary for the business and, most importantly, the desire. By the way, if you have not decided on the choice of the tractor itself, then a reliable assistant for working on agricultural land is the Belarus MTZ tractor. This brand of manufacturer differs from others in its quality and durability. The price may be higher than average, but the characteristics are not inferior to other devices.

Tractor trailer: step-by-step manufacturing instructions

Walk-behind tractors, tractors and mini-tractors are indispensable assistants for modern rural residents and farmers. Very often, a tractor in a subsidiary farm plays the role of a vehicle and a loader. To transport goods comfortably and safely, you need a trailer, which is often expensive.

If you have the necessary materials and tools, you can easily and quickly make a homemade tractor trailer yourself. We will tell you how to make a homemade tractor cart below.

DIY tractor trailer

To design a single-axle trailer for a tractor, you need to start by preparing drawings on which the main components of the trolley and its dimensions will be marked. Naturally, the entire structure must have good strength, otherwise the main purpose of the cart on the tractor - transporting goods - will be at risk. It is advisable to keep the weight of the trailer moderate so as not to increase the load on the tractor.

In general terms, you should be guided by the fact that the trailer frame should be strong, the body should be spacious and light, the wheels should be wide and large in diameter, and the coupling mechanism should be powerful and reliable.

The drawing below shows the general diagram of the tractor cart and the dimensions of the main components:

The sequence of work during the manufacture of a tractor is usually carried out according to the following algorithm:

Frame welding. The frame is made from a square metal profile and pipes with a diameter of at least 4 cm. For the wheel axle, a metal pipe or rod with a diameter of about 35 mm should be used. It will be attached to the frame with hinges, side spars and corners. It is recommended to place the axle in the center of the frame to improve the distribution of the center of gravity and balance of the trailer.
Body. It is best done from well-dried boards. To strengthen the body, the boards are additionally fastened with corners.
Hitch. It must be reliable and strong, since there will be a significant load on it, which, combined with vibrations, can very quickly damage the structure. It is most advisable to make a coupling device from a drawbar on a hinge, which in the upper part will have a safety device against involuntary disconnection.
If you plan to make a dump cart, you will also have to take care of the lifting mechanism. The elevation angle will be within 50′. As a hydraulic cylinder, you can use a lift from an old tractor trailer with a rod length of about 85 cm. To install the lift on the frame, you need to weld a special stand in the form of a trapezoid from a channel. A metal circle is welded as a stop.

The lift is connected using a hose directly to the tractor's hydraulic system.

As we can see from the above, making a homemade trailer for a tractor will not be particularly difficult or difficult. At the same time, such a device will be distinguished by its strength and durability and will fit most types of tractors (for example, the MTZ-1221 tractor).

We also suggest you watch the video, which shows a homemade dump trailer for a tractor in action:

Features of operating a homemade cart

In order for the cart to withstand intensive use and serve its owner for as long as possible, you must follow the rules for its use.

To do this, the user needs:

Constantly monitor the reliability of fixation of fasteners. It must be remembered that even when moving on a flat road, the tractor creates vibration, which is transmitted through the lifting mechanism to the supporting frame of the trailer. Because of this, the bolts eventually turn out and fall out of their regular places. This can cause the cart to lose rigidity and cause cracks or deformations in the body. To prevent this from happening, you need to check the reliability of fasteners before each trip to the field;
Inspect the trailer regularly for rust and rot. If pockets of corrosion are not eliminated in time, they will spread further over time. This will lead to disruption of the metal structure, as a result of which it will begin to crumble. To prevent this, you need to regularly tint the metal parts of the supporting frame and body of a homemade cart;

Try to avoid overloading the tractor trailer. If you carry more weight on a cart than it can support, then this threatens to upset the balance and loss of structural rigidity. Over time, the trailer will skew to one side and it will be impossible to transport cargo on it, especially bulk cargo;
control the pressure in the hydraulic pipes - a sharp drop or surge in pressure in the system will lead to the inability of the trailer to rise for unloading. This can happen at any inopportune moment, so the user should check the air pressure in the tubes and their integrity before each time they leave the house.

To avoid most of these problems, you should try not to use a tractor trailer to transport large luggage over severe off-road conditions. This will reduce the risk of increased load on the supporting frame of the cart and prevent it from tilting away from the central axis.

Types of tractor trailers

When planning to use a tractor with a cart, you need to familiarize yourself with the existing varieties of such trailers, their main advantages, features and design. Trailer models are divided by the number of axles provided by the design.

Single-axle devices are the easiest to manufacture and affordable option; they are perfect for short-term transportation of a wide range of cargo. Biaxial analogues are used to transport large volumes of building materials and various agricultural products over impressive distances.

Since making such a device yourself requires materials and tools, as well as certain qualifications, many farmers prefer to buy a cart. Tractor equipment that is planned to be used in conjunction with a trailer must match its power, which will allow the successful transportation of goods.

When choosing a suitable product, you should pay special attention to the principle by which the trailer is unloaded. The most convenient to use are models equipped with a special mechanism for raising the body. In its role, a hydraulic system, a separate motor, and various lifts can be used.

It is much easier to manufacture devices with a self-tipping body, which operate on the principle of a dump truck and are activated manually by operating a lever. The size of the tractor cart is determined by the power of the agricultural unit, as well as the needs of the farmer.

Cart device

If you plan to make such a product yourself, you need to familiarize yourself with its design and main components. Among them it is advisable to mention the following nodes:

chassis, wheels;
frame;
flatbed body;
lifting mechanism;
towing device.

Wheels on a tractor cart can be of different sizes, which allows you to choose the best option, taking into account the specifics of the area in which you plan to operate the trailer.

Specifications

It is important to remember that the weight of the tractor cart and other technical characteristics of such products directly depend on the chosen model. When making a device independently, the craftsman has the opportunity to make the necessary changes to the drawings, which will allow him to adapt it to solve specific problems.

The largest manufacturers of trailers for tractor equipment are the Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant, as well as the Chetra and Tonar concerns.

The most popular model of factory-produced trailer is 2PTS-4.5, using which example it is advisable to study the technical characteristics of such devices:

dimensions (LxWxH) - 6.12x2.41x1.98 m;
curb weight - 2 tons;
load capacity - 4.5 tons;
body volume - 5 m3;
unloading sides - 3;
The braking system is pneumatic with drum mechanisms.

The product is suitable for operation with a tractor whose traction class is at least 1.4. Moreover, the minimum service life of such a trailer is 7 years, according to the manufacturer’s statements. Such parameters make purchased trailers the optimal solution for long-term use in intensive mode and performing work of increased complexity.

For everyday tasks and transportation of small volumes of cargo, homemade analogues would be a suitable option, since the cost of a purchased trailer of this model starts from 250 thousand rubles.

What types of trolleys for mini tractors are there?

Carts for mini tractors are usually installed on the rear three-point hitch and differ in load capacity, design details, functionality and preferred scope of application.
Trailers for mini-agricultural equipment that exist today can be classified according to several criteria:

I. Number of axles - this parameter is directly proportional to the weight that the tractor can lift:

single-axle - for example, carts of type 1-PTS-2, 1-PTS-4 and 1-PTS-9, compatible with mini tractors with a force of 6-16 kN. Their chassis is completely devoid of springs, and the unloading process can be done either only backwards, or in 3 directions. Can be used for the Photon, Dong Feng or Ural mini tractor;
biaxial - they are distinguished by better maneuverability, cross-country ability, and therefore move cargo along roads with any type of surface. A popular two-axle trailer is the 2PTS4, which can be unloaded through the rear or 2 side walls. Compatible with wheeled and tracked mini tractors with power up to 30 kN;
triaxial structures are the best option for frequent use. Their minimal wear and tear completely pays for the expensive cost of the unit. For example, 3-PTS-12, which is used with powerful mini tractors;

II. Body type:

dump trucks - ideal for transporting bulk materials and scrap metal, the unloading of which does not require additional devices;
side – equipped with folding sides, which not only simplify the loading of material from the trailer, but also easy access to its contents;
barrel carts – suitable for cargo packaged in boxes, bags, barrels, containers.

Self-production

If you familiarize yourself with the design of various types of trailers in more detail, you can conclude that the easiest type of product to assemble is a single-axle cart for a tractor. It’s quite simple to build such a device with your own hands, just make sure you have all the necessary materials and tools, and also decide on the drawings of the device.

Tools and materials

To ensure that the quality of a homemade trailer is not inferior to its factory counterparts, high-quality materials should be used during the assembly process. The master will need a standard set of tools, as well as a drill, welding machine, angle grinder. Among the necessary materials it is advisable to mention:

steel sheets;
steel channel;
plywood;
metal pipes with a diameter of at least 0.4 m;
chassis from old automobile or other equipment;
wheels with the same diameter;
fasteners.

It is strongly recommended to use a welding machine to connect most of the components of the future trailer, which will guarantee its long service life and the highest strength.

Assembly order

After making sure that all the necessary materials, tools and drawings are available, it is advisable to begin the process of assembling a homemade cart. Manufacturing should begin with a frame, which should be as strong as possible, which will allow it to withstand impressive loads.

The cart assembly algorithm is quite simple and involves the following steps:

Form the frame using a front cross member, a center axle, and a strong rear beam. For the manufacture of all frame elements, it is strongly recommended to use thick pipes with a cross-section exceeding 25 cm. The frame is reinforced with channel spars.
Assembling the wheelbase involves making an axle from a metal pipe or rod, the diameter of which is about 30-35 cm. Secure the axle to the frame using hinges.
Make a body. Various materials can be used for this, for example sheet steel or wood. When assembling the body, metal corners should be used, which will allow you to quickly secure all the elements.
Assemble a trailer mechanism that matches the analogue used on the tractor. It is extremely important that it provides for movement not only horizontally, but also vertically, which will allow the trailer to be successfully used for transporting goods off-road.

If desired, the master can equip the resulting structure with a lifting mechanism, which will greatly simplify unloading the product . The best option is a device based on a hydraulic system, which will allow you to tilt the cart up to 50 degrees. Since it is quite difficult to independently manufacture such a mechanism, it is recommended to take a ready-made unit from other similar equipment.

It is extremely important to properly process the finished product, which will protect it from rotting or corrosion, depending on the materials used. It is not advisable to save on a protective coating, since the degree of protection of the product directly depends on its quality.

Build process

If you are planning to make a trailer for a mini tractor at home, you will need the following tools and materials:

steel sheets;
plywood;
steel channel;
aluminum tubes;
chassis;
electrical equipment;
wheels;
metalworking tools;
welding machine.

At the very beginning, you need to weld a frame that acts as a supporting frame. It can be made from round pipes with a diameter of more than 40 cm. All fasteners must also be welded.

Now you can move on to making the wheelbase, where you should use a steel rod as an axle. It is bolted firmly to the frame, and side rails and corner supports can also be used. A self-made trailer for a walk-behind tractor can serve you for many years for transporting various things.

Dump trucks are capable of not only transporting household appliances and materials, but also unloading them with ease. For this purpose, the design is equipped with a special body, which has a rectangular shape. The unloading mechanism is usually located at the rear.

In addition, experts advise making your device from the most common materials that are always at hand. You can make a trailer with your own hands from an old Moskvich car, capable of holding a load of up to 750 kg. It is inferior to a product made from a motor scooter with a load capacity of up to 500 kg. The maximum weight that a trailer for a walk-behind tractor can lift with your own hands reaches one ton.

The best body for a dump truck is made from boards of any type of wood

It is important to choose all the necessary sizes. The height of the body is selected depending on what exactly you want to transport

The boards must be thoroughly dried and secured tightly with metal corners. This guarantees a strong connection and resistance to heavy loads.

The central wheels are located at the bottom. They are spaced (one from the other) at the maximum possible distance to distribute gravity. They provide complete security and should be as reliable as possible. To do this, you can take the main part from the articulated drawbar, which is inserted into the tubular body of this moving part. This part has a fuse on top that provides an additional level of protection against accidental disconnections.

Carefully approach the design of the unit, since this part has a high load from vibration and friction.

After all the parts are prepared, they need to be assembled into one device. This cannot be done by one person, so it is best to work in pairs. Be careful before each assembly step. Check the quality of fastening of the components, the reliability of the hinges and the tightness of the bolts several times. When the device is ready, it needs to be run in first without a load. This process is necessary for the parts to get used to each other.