2N125 vertical drilling machine, single-spindle, universal. Passport, diagrams, description, characteristics

Among the wide variety of metalworking equipment offered on the modern market, few models have gained such popularity among specialists as the 2N125 vertical drilling machine.

Machine 2N125 in production

Possessing wide versatility, this device is distinguished by its simplicity of design and operational reliability, which makes it possible to operate it for a long time without losing the accuracy and efficiency of processing. Despite the fact that the 2N125 design was developed several decades ago, its characteristics are not inferior to many modern models.

Information about the manufacturer of the vertical drilling machine 2N125

The manufacturer of vertical drilling machines models 2N125, 2N135, 2N150, 2G175 is the Sterlitamak Machine Tool Plant , founded in 1941.

The history of the Sterlitamak Machine Tool Plant begins on July 3, 1941, when the evacuation of the Odessa Machine Tool Plant to the city of Sterlitamak began.

Already on October 11, 1941, the Sterlitamak Machine Tool Plant began producing special modular machines for the defense industry.

Currently, the plant produces metalworking equipment, including CNC lathes and milling machines, multifunctional machining centers.

Products of the Sterlitamak Machine Tool Plant

2135
— universal vertical drilling machine, Ø 35
2A125
- universal vertical drilling machine, Ø 25
2A135
- universal vertical drilling machine, Ø 35
2A150
- universal vertical drilling machine, Ø 50
2G175
- universal vertical drilling machine, Ø 75
2N125
- universal vertical drilling machine, Ø 25
2N135
- universal vertical drilling machine, Ø 35
2N150
- universal vertical drilling machine, Ø 50
2R135F2
- CNC vertical drilling machine, Ø 35
2С50
- universal vertical drilling machine, Ø 50
2S125, 2S125-1 (2S125-01), 2S125-04
- universal vertical drilling machine, Ø 25
2S132, 2S132K
- universal vertical drilling machine, Ø 32
2С150ПМФ4
- vertical drilling-milling-boring machine with CNC and ASI, 500 x 1000
2С550А
– radial drilling machine, Ø 36
400V
- vertical drilling-milling-boring machine with CNC and ASI, 400 x 900
500V (STC F55)
- vertical milling center, 630 x 1200
SF-16, SF-16-02, SF-16-05
- tabletop milling and drilling machine, Ø 16

What is a machine model 2N125

Fully justifying its versatility, the 2N125 device allows you to effectively perform a whole list of technological operations:

drilling and reaming holes;
deployment;
countersinking;
internal thread cutting.

Location of the main parts of the machine

This vertical drilling machine is equipped with only one spindle unit, which makes the design of the equipment simple and reliable. On the modern market there are a number of modifications of this machine with several drilling heads, into which various tools can be installed in order to process parts with higher productivity.

Spindle assembly structure: 1 – bearing adjustment nut; 2 – spindle; 3 – sleeve; 4 – lever

The technical characteristics of the unit in question are optimally suited for use in small-scale production. Vertical drilling machines 2N125 demonstrate themselves best when processing parts of medium thickness, made of steel of not very high strength. According to the passport, the machine in question can use drills whose diameter does not exceed 25 mm. Modifications of the model are distinguished by expanded characteristics: they can work with drills with a diameter of up to 35 mm.

Despite the fact that mass production of the 2N125 vertical drilling machine was launched in the middle of the last century, it can still be found in the equipment of many manufacturing enterprises. The main reason for the high reliability of the device is the kinematic circuit, which, due to its characteristics, is able to work effectively even in the most difficult conditions. The simplicity of the kinematic diagram also ensures that in the event of a breakdown, such equipment can be quickly repaired using a standard set of tools.

Kinematic diagram and rotation graphs of the main drive of the machine: a) 2N125; b) 2N135 (click to enlarge)

Of course, the vertical drilling machine model 2N125 does not have the same compact dimensions and ease of use as many modern devices, but these minor shortcomings are compensated by its high reliability and affordable price.

2N125 universal single-spindle vertical drilling machine. Purpose and scope

Vertical drilling machine 2N125 (TU 2-024-4645-79) replaced the outdated model 2A125

Vertical drilling machine 2N125 , with a nominal drilling diameter of 25 mm, is used in enterprises with single and small-scale production and is designed to perform the following operations: drilling, reaming, countersinking, countersinking, reaming, threading and trimming ends with knives.

2N125 drilling machine allows processing of parts in a wide range of sizes from various materials using tools from high-carbon and high-speed steels and hard alloys.

Drilling operations on the 2n125 machine

Operating principle and design features of the machine

2N125 machine belongs to the design range of medium-sized vertical drilling machines (2N118, 2N125, 2N125L, 2N135, 2N150, 2G175) with a nominal drilling diameter of 18, 25, 35, 50 and 75 mm, respectively. Compared to previously produced machines (with index A), the new range of machines have a more convenient location of the gearbox and feed control handles, better appearance, simpler technology for assembling and machining a number of critical parts, and a more advanced lubrication system. The aggregate layout and the ability to automate the cycle ensure the creation of special machines based on them.

The limits of spindle speeds and feeds make it possible to process various types of holes using rational cutting conditions.

The presence of mechanical spindle feed on machines, with manual control of work cycles.

Allows processing of parts in a wide range of sizes from various materials using tools from high-carbon and high-speed steels and hard alloys.

Vertical drilling machines 2N125 are equipped with a device for reversing the main movement electric motor, which allows them to cut threads with machine taps while manually feeding the spindle.

Placement category 4 according to GOST 15150-69.

Developer: Odessa Special Design Bureau of Special Machine Tools.

Chronology of the plant's production of vertical drilling machines 2125 series with drilling diameters up to 25 mm:

2125 - the first model of a series of vertical drilling machines, produced from 1945 to 1950.
2A125, 2A125A, 2A125K - the next models in the series, produced from 1950 to 1965.
2N125, 2N125A, 2N125K, 2N125F2 - the most popular and widespread model of the series, produced from 1965 to the early 90s
2S125, 2S125-01, 2S125-04 are the latest models in the series. Discontinued in 2014

Modifications of drilling machines 2N125

To process holes of different diameters, basic vertical drilling machines are used: 2H125 .
The last two digits of each model number indicate the largest hole diameter in mm that can be drilled on this machine in 45 steel workpieces. Based on the above basic machine models, the following modified models have been created:

2N125A - vertical drilling machines with automated control (control is carried out using pre-configured cams and buttons);
2N125K - coordinate vertical drilling machines with a cross table;
2N125S - special single-position vertical drilling machines with a flanged quill used for fastening multi-spindle heads;
2N125N - multi-position drilling machines designed for installing multi-spindle heads and rotary tables;
2N125F2 - drilling machines with CNC, cross table and turret head, etc.

Analogues of vertical drilling machines 2N125, currently produced:

2T125, 2T140, 2T150 - manufacturer: Gomel Machine Unit Plant
2AS132, 2AS132-01 - manufacturer: Astrakhan Machine Tool Plant
2L125, 2L132, 2L135, LS25, LS35 - manufacturer: Lipetsk Machine Tool Enterprise (PJSC STP-LSP)
MN25L, MN25N-01 - manufacturer: Molodechno Machine Tool Plant

Comparison with other models

2N125F2 is one of the most developed and advanced models of devices in this series. The main advantage of the unit is the presence of a numerically controlled mechanism. The device is equipped with a cross-type table and a turret spindle head.

Model 2Н125С is characterized by even greater versatility compared to the original machine. Such devices are equipped with spindles with several slots. Different drills are inserted into them, which expands the capabilities of the machine. Working with the unit is greatly simplified by eliminating the need to remove and change drills when you need to move from one task to another.

The 2N125K vertical drilling machine is equipped with a cross-shaped work table, which significantly simplifies working on it.

Modification 2N135 allows the operator to drill products with a diameter of 35 mm. The basic model of the device is able to drill parts with a diameter of only 25 mm.

Dimensions of the working space of the drilling machine 2N125

Drawing of the working space of the drilling machine 2N125

Machine model	Morse cone	A	B	IN	D	D1	M
2N125	3	250	700	60	45	23,825	400
2N135	4	300	750	30	60	31,267	450
2N150	5	350	800	0	80	44,399	500

General view of the drilling machine 2N125

Photo of drilling machine 2N125

Where is it used?

Like the famous 2N135 unit, the 2N125 model is designed for low production volumes. The equipment is ideal for installation in a small small-scale workshop, as well as for work in domestic conditions. The 2n125 drilling machine has a nominal drilling diameter of 25 millimeters. With its help, you can not only drill and ream holes, but also perform a number of other operations.

At the same time, the machine operator can independently select the speed and spindle feed mode, which allows optimal use of equipment resources to perform a specific task. The machine is capable of working with a wide variety of holes and materials as efficiently as possible, which is also worth noting as an advantage of the model. The equipment belongs to placement category 4 in accordance with GOST 15150-69.

Since this model has been around for decades, it would be crazy if such a popular technique had not undergone a single modification throughout its existence. In this regard, the manufacturer took care of satisfying the most specific needs of the craftsman, offering several possible variations of the 2n125 drilling machine

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Location of the main parts of the drilling machine 2N125

Location of the main components of the drilling machine 2N125

Designation of the main parts of the drilling machine 2N125

Drilling machine drive - 2Н125.21.000
Machine gearbox - 2Н125.20.000
Piston oil pump - 2N125.24.000 for machine 2N125
Piston oil pump - 2N135.24.000
Feed box - 2Н125.30.000
Column, table, slab - 2N125.10.000
Speed and feed control mechanism - 2Н125.25.000
Electrical cabinet - 2N125.72.000
Electrical equipment - 2N125.94.000
Spindle assembly - 2Н125.50.000
Machine cooling system - 2N125.80.000
Drilling head - 2Н125.40.000

Location of controls for drilling machine 2N125

List of controls for drilling machine 2N125

Table - “Filling” coolant
Sign - "Drain"
Cooling valve
+ 19 Bolts for adjusting the table wedge and drilling head
Table moving handle
Table clamp and drill head screws
Sign - “Grounding”
Input switch
Label - “Main Switch”
Signal button MACHINE ON
Right spindle rotation button
Spindle left rotation button
Button for turning on the swinging movement of the spindle when switching speeds and feeds
Gear shift knob
STOP button
Table - “Rotation speed”
Sign - “Change speed only when stopping”
Table clamp and drill head screws
+4 Bolts for adjusting the table wedge and drill head
Table - “Feed, mm per revolution”
Feed shift knob
Manual feed button
Feed wheel
Limb for counting the processing depth
Light switch
Label - “Cooling”
Cooling pump switch
Cam for adjusting the processing depth
Cam for adjusting the depth of the thread being cut
Lever for automatic reversal of the main drive when the specified depth of the thread being cut is reached
Lever to turn off the mechanical feed when the specified processing depth is reached
Square for manual movement of the drill head

List of graphic symbols indicated on the plates of the 2N135 drilling machine

List of graphic symbols on the plates of the drilling machine 2n135

Operating procedure of the drilling machine 2N135

Mechanical spindle feed

Setting up the machine for normal operation with a mechanical spindle feed consists of installing the table and drilling head in the positions required for operation, clamping them on the column, and setting the required rotation speeds and spindle feeds.

When setting up the machine to operate with manual spindle feed, the knurled cap located in the center of the cross steering wheel should be pressed away from you until it stops.

Turning off the spindle feed at a given depth

When setting up work with turning off the spindle feed at a given depth, the following sequence must be observed:

install the tool in the spindle;
secure the workpiece on the table;
lower the spindle until the tool stops in the part;
Use a screw to press out and install the dial of the drilling head so that opposite the pointer there is a number corresponding to the depth of processing, taking into account the sharpening angle of the tool.
Secure the dial. Secure the cam with the letter “P” so that its mark coincides with the corresponding mark on the dial.

After turning on the rotation and feed of the spindle, processing of the part begins. When the desired machining depth is reached, the spindle feed will stop and the spindle will continue to rotate. To stop it, you need to press the STOP button.

Setting up a machine for thread cutting

When setting up a machine for thread cutting with spindle reversal at a certain depth, the following sequence must be observed:

install the chuck with the tap in the spindle;
install the workpiece on the machine table;
lower the spindle until the tool stops in the part;
Set the dial on the drilling head so that opposite the pointer there is a number corresponding to the processing depth. Align the cam mark “P” with the corresponding mark on the dial and secure the cam.
Turn off mechanical feed. After turning on the spindle, manually insert the tap into the hole. After 2-3 spindle revolutions, there is no need for manual feed.
When the specified cutting depth is reached, the spindle is automatically reversed and the tap exits the hole. In order for the spindle to resume right rotation, you need to press the corresponding button.

After installation, lubrication and connection of the machine to the electrical network, no additional adjustments are required. During operation, the initial adjustment may be disrupted.

Operating instructions

The safety clutch of the feed mechanism is adjusted according to the axial force on the spindle by 15% more than the permissible one. To adjust the coupling, it is necessary to remove the right upper cover of the drilling head and use the nut on the worm to decrease or increase the spring tension.

The table guides are adjusted by screws on the right side of the table. The table is clamped using a square screw located on the right side of the table and a table lifting handle.

The guides of the drilling head are adjusted with screws located on the right side surface of the guides; the head itself is clamped with a screw with a square on the same side using the table lift handle.

To tighten the counterweight spring, you need to unscrew the plug at the bottom of the drilling head, drain the oil from the reservoir, and turn the screw to tighten the spring.

For the convenience of clamping the workpiece in the machine vice supplied with the machine, you can use handle 5 (see Fig. 4).

Kinematic diagram of the drilling machine 2N125

Bearing layout for drilling machine 2N125

Scope of application and capabilities

The main area of application of the 2n125 drilling machine is production in small batches. The unit is designed for processing products that are thin and made of medium-strength steel.

The maximum permissible diameter of drills intended for the machine is 25 mm. This provision is provided for by the device passport. Modern machine models provide craftsmen with the opportunity to use drills with an even larger diameter, reaching 35 mm.

The design of the unit has the following features:

the presence of a reversible mechanism designed for more precise threading;
the principle of manual control, in which the feed is performed manually;
the ability to change the operating mode of the machine without stopping the spindle;
high stability of the structure due to the uniform placement of machine elements and its large mass.

Manual control of the device is based on its vertical movement due to the flywheel handle, which requires periodic lubrication.

Description of the main components of the drilling machine 2N125

Gearbox of drilling machine 2N125

Drawing of the gearbox of the drilling machine 2N125

Gearbox and drive. The gearbox communicates to the spindle 12 different rotation speeds using movable blocks 5 (Fig. 7), 7, 8. The gearbox shaft supports are placed in two plates - upper and lower 4, fastened together by four ties 6. The gearbox is driven into rotation by a vertically located by an electric motor through an elastic coupling 10 and a gear 9. The last shaft 2 of the box - the sleeve - has a splined hole through which rotation is transmitted.

Through gear pair 3, rotation is transmitted to the feed box.

The gearbox, as well as all assembly units of the drilling head, is lubricated from a plunger pump mounted on the lower plate 4. The operation of the pump is controlled by a special oil indicator on the frontal part of the sub-motor plate.

Mechanism for controlling speeds and feeds of the drilling machine 2N125

Mechanism for switching speeds and feeds of a drilling machine 2N125

Mechanism for switching speeds and feeds . The gears are switched by handle 2 (Fig. 8), which has four positions around the circumference and three along the axis, the feeds are switched by handle 3, which has three positions along the circumference for machines of models 2N135 and four for 2N150, and three positions along the axis. The handles are located on the front side of the drilling head. The countdown of switched on speeds and feeds is carried out according to plates 1 and 4.

Feed box for drilling machine 2N125

Drawing of the feed box of the drilling machine 2N125

Gearbox. The mechanism is mounted in a separate housing and installed in the drilling head. By moving two triple gear blocks, nine different feeds are carried out on the 2N125, 2N135 machines and twelve feeds on the 2N150 machine. On the 2N125 and 2N135 machines, the feed boxes differ only in the drive, which consists of gears 1 on the 2N125 machine (Fig. 9), and on gears 2, 3 on the 2N125, 2N135 machines, respectively. The feed box is mounted in the bore of the upper support of the worm of the feed mechanism. On the last shaft of the box there is a clutch 4, which transmits rotation to the worm.

Drilling head of machine 2N125

Drawing of the drilling head of the drilling machine 2N125

The drilling head is a box-section casting in which all the main assembly units of the machine are mounted: speed box, feed box, spindle, feed mechanism, spindle counterweight and speed and feed switching mechanism.

The feed mechanism , consisting of a worm gear, a horizontal shaft with a rack and pinion gear, a dial, cam and ratchet overrunning clutches, and a steering wheel, is an integral part of the drilling head.

The feed mechanism is driven from the feed box and is designed to perform the following operations:

manually bringing the tool to the part;
turning on the working feed;
manual feed advance;
turning off the working feed;
manual spindle retraction upward;
manual feed used in thread cutting.

The principle of operation of the feed mechanism is as follows: when the steering wheel 14 (Fig. 10) rotates, the cam clutch 8 turns toward itself, which, through the half-coupling cage 7, rotates the rack and pinion gear shaft 3, and the spindle is fed manually. When the tool approaches the part, a torque arises on the gear shaft 3, which cannot be transmitted by the teeth of the cam coupling 8, and the half-coupling cage 7 moves along the shaft until the ends of the cams of parts 7 and 8 are facing each other. At this moment, the cam clutch 8 rotates relative to the gear shaft 3 at an angle of 20°, which is limited by a groove in part 8 and a pin 10. On the holder - half-coupling 7 sits a double-sided ratchet disk 6, connected to the half-coupling by pawls 13. When moving the holder-half-coupling 7 the teeth of the disk 6 engage with the teeth of the disk, which is integral with the worm wheel 5. As a result, rotation from the worm is transmitted to the rack and pinion gear and the spindle is mechanically fed. With further rotation of the steering wheel 14 with the feed switched on, the pawls 13, sitting in the half-coupling cage 7, slip over the teeth of the inner side of the disk 6; There is a manual advance of the mechanical feed.

When the feed is manually turned on by the steering wheel 14 (after turning it towards itself at an angle of 20°), the tooth of the coupling 8 stands against the cavity of the half-coupling cage 7. Due to the axial force and the special spring 12, the half-coupling cage 7 moves to the right and disengages the toothed disks 5 and 6; mechanical feed stops.

The feed mechanism allows manual spindle feed. To do this, it is necessary to turn off the mechanical feed with the steering wheel 14 and move the cap 9 along the axis of the gear shaft 3 away from you. In this case, pin II transmits torque from the cam clutch 8 to the horizontal shaft. A dial 4 is mounted on the left wall of the drilling head for visually measuring the processing depth and adjusting the cams.

To manually move the drilling head along the column guides, there is a mechanism that consists of a worm pair 2 and a rack pair I. To protect the feed mechanism from breakage, there is a safety clutch 15. A nut 16 and a screw 17 are used to regulate the spring counterweight.

Machine design features

Description of the unit design includes:

gearbox;
drive unit;
feed box;
drill head;
spindle;
rotary vice;
electrical equipment.

Operating principle of the gearbox:

communication of revolutions to the spindle using two movable triples;
the box shaft supports are located in the upper and lower plates, held together by 4 ties;
The electric motor drives the gearbox through a gear train and clutch;
the last shaft of the box has the form of a hollow sleeve, its splined hole transmits rotation to the machine spindle;
The gears of the box are switched using a handle.

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Adjusting the drilling machine 2N125

Spindle assembly for vertical drilling machine 2N125

Spindle 2 (Fig. 11) is mounted on 4 ball bearings. The axial feed force is perceived by the lower thrust bearing, and the tool knockout force is perceived by the upper one. The bearings are located in sleeve 3, which moves along the axis using a rack and pinion pair. The spindle bearings are adjusted using nut 1.

To knock out the tool, use a special device on the spindle head. Knockout occurs when the spindle is lifted by the steering wheel. The holder of the device rests against the body of the drilling head, and the lever 4 rotates around its axis; knocks out the tool.

The spindle of the 2N125 drilling machine is mounted on 4 bearings:

21. Upper bearing No. 5-206 , single-row radial ball, 30x62x16 mm, 5 accuracy class
20. Bearing No. 5-8106 , thrust ball, 30x47x11 mm, 5th accuracy class
24. Bearing No. 5-8306 , thrust ball, 30x60x21 mm, 5th accuracy class
25. Lower bearing No. 5-206 , single-row radial ball, 50x80x16 mm, 5 accuracy class

When assembling the machine during the repair process, it is necessary to observe conditions that affect the accuracy of its operation.

Thus, the gap between the guide bushings of the drill head and the quill of the spindle assembly should be no more than 0.01 mm.

When installing the drilling head and table on the column guides, the 0.03 mm probe should not pass into the joint, and all the requirements of GOST 7599-73 section 4 must be met.

The spindle thrust bearings are also subject to adjustment .

To adjust the spindle thrust bearing you must:

unscrew the plug on the front part of the drilling head of the 2N125 machine or the cover on 2N135 and 2N150;
install the spindle so that the stopper in the nut is aligned with the hole;
release the stopper and, turning the spindle, align the hole in the nut with the hole in the drilling head;
Having inserted a cylindrical rod into the hole of the nut, turn the spindle counterclockwise until the axial play is eliminated and tighten the nut stopper.

Technical characteristics of bearing No. 5-206

Bearing No. 5-206 - single-row radial ball, 50x80x16 mm
This type of bearing is used everywhere in all branches of industry and agriculture. In terms of the number of units sold, this bearing is only inferior to exactly the same one, but one size smaller - 205. Basically, such a bearing is bought as a closed type - 180206, and it is this bearing that is produced in large volumes at bearing factories. The design - radial ball - is designed to absorb radial loads and, to a very small extent, axial loads.

In addition to these two modifications, there are 80206 (closed on both sides with metal washers), 60206 (closed on one side) and 50206 - with a groove along the outer ring for a retaining ring (the latter type is used quite rarely). Bearings are produced mainly of class 6 precision, they are intended for the mass consumer. For the needs of individual industries, various modifications are produced with additional operating requirements (requirements for noise, accuracy, resistance to temperature or chemical influences), increased load capacity (indicated by the letter A to the right of the main designation).

The main manufacturing plants in our country are JSC SPZ (Saratov, 3 GPP), VBF (Vologda, 23 GPP), LLC SPZ-4 (Samara) and 2 GPP (Moscow). The last two factories assemble bearings from Chinese components, produced with quality control from normal metal (unlike brands such as CRAFT, SZPK, hb and others), which makes them lower in price with decent performance characteristics. Bearings for the mass consumer are produced in accordance with GOST 520-2002, special modifications are made in accordance with TU and ETU and are supplied directly from one plant to another, bypassing the dealer network.

You can buy bearings of this type at minimal prices from official dealers of factories.

The approximate price of the product depends very much on the manufacturer and ranges from 34 - 35 (China) to 280 - 300 rubles (SKF). Bearings with protective washers and plugs are slightly more expensive than open ones. Russian bearings are closer in price to Chinese ones, but in quality they are much better.

The bearing has the following characteristics (bearing 6-180206 - closed on both sides with rubber seals, basic design, cage made of ShKh-15 steel):

Imported bearings of this standard size are designated as 6206 /Рх (where x is the accuracy class of the manufactured bearing and varies from 2 to 6) with additional designations of protective washers and plugs as Z, ZZ or 2RS. For example, 6206 2RS is the designation for bearing 180206 adopted by the manufacturer FAG.

Applicability of bearing 180206 (closed, analogue - 6206 2RS) in domestic automotive and agricultural equipment:

Dimensions and characteristics of bearing 206 (50206, 60206, 80206, 180206, 6206)

Inner diameter (d): – 30 mm;
Outer diameter (D): – 62 mm;
Width (height) (H): – 16 mm;
Weight: – 0.21 kg;
Ball diameter: – 9.525 mm;
Number of balls in the bearing: – 9 pcs.;
Dynamic load capacity: – 25.35 kN;
Rated speed: – 7500 rpm.

Diagram of bearing 206 of drilling machine 2N125

Technical characteristics of bearing No. 8306

Bearing 8306 is a single-row thrust ball bearing consisting of three parts - two rings (the diameter of one of them is 1 mm less than the one that is mounted directly on the shaft) and a cage on which the rolling elements are located.
Used in industrial equipment in units with axial load. This is a thrust ball bearing (they are easy to distinguish by number: the fourth number from the end is 8), single, of the basic design. It is used in components of machines and mechanisms that are subject to axial loads. The stopper consists of two flat rings (which differ in internal diameter by approximately 1 mm) and a number of balls on a stamped steel or brass separator.

This type is produced at 2 gas processing plants (Moscow), SPZ-4 (Samara), 20 gas processing plants, or KZUP (Kursk). A modification with a brass separator and the sixth class of accuracy - 6-8306 NLSh1 - is produced in Vologda at 23 GPP (VBF brand).

In automotive engineering, it completes special equipment for the ZIL 137 truck.

Imported bearings 8306 (as well as Moscow and Vologda) are marked according to the international designation system - 51306.

Dimensions and characteristics of bearing 8306 (51306)

Inner diameter (d): – 30 mm;
Outer diameter (D): – 60 mm;
Width (height) (H): – 21 mm;
Weight: – 0.268 kg;
Ball diameter: – 11.112 mm;
Number of balls in the bearing: – 11 pcs.;
Dynamic load capacity: – 40.3 kN;
Static load capacity: – 66.5 kN;
Rated rotation speed: – 3800 rpm.

Diagram of bearing 8306 (51306) drilling machine 2N125

Photo of bearing 8306 (51306)

Electrical equipment and electrical circuit of the drilling machine 2N125

Electrical diagram of drilling machine 2N125

List of elements for the electrical circuit of the drilling machine 2N125

The electrical circuit diagram is the same for the entire series of machines 2n125, 2n135, 2n150. However, the components included in the electrical circuit have different parameters due to the fact that the models have main engines of different power (2n125 - 2.2 kW, 2n135 - 4.0 kW, 2n150 - 7.5 kW)

Thus, all elements of the electrical circuit associated with the main engines have different parameters on different machine models, see Table 2.

Table of variable data for the electrical circuit of the drilling machine 2N125

Brief characteristics of electrical equipment

The electrical equipment of the machines includes a three-phase squirrel-cage asynchronous electric motor for rotation and working feed of the spindle, an electric cooling pump, and electrical control equipment.

The AC voltage values can be as follows:

power circuit 3 ~ 50 Hz, 220, 380, 400, 415, 440 and 500 V;
control circuit ~ 110 V;
local lighting circuit ~ 24 V;
alarm circuit ~ 5 V.

The power circuit voltage is determined by the customer.

Description of the operation of the electrical circuit of the machine

Initial Startup Information

During the initial start-up of the machine, it is necessary to free the magnetic starters from the wedges, check the reliability of the clamping of wires and grounding, and the integrity of the installation of electrical equipment by external inspection.

After inspection in the electrical control cabinet of the incoming automatic machine Q1, connect the machine to the workshop network, using buttons and switches, check the clear operation of the magnetic starters and relays, and the correct direction of rotation of the electric motor M1. The check must be done at idle speed.

Description of operating modes

By turning on the input circuit breaker Q1, voltage is supplied to the main and auxiliary circuits, and the H2 signal lamp on the remote control lights up. If cooling and lighting are required, the corresponding switches are placed in the ON position.

By pressing the S2 RIGHT button, the starter coil K1 receives power, the main contacts turn on the electric motor Ml for right rotation of the spindle. Through the block contacts K1, the starter K2 is turned on, which turns on the electric motor M2 and the delay relay K7.

When you press the S3 LEFT button, the starter K1, the electric motor Ml, and the relay K7 are turned off. After the discharge of capacitor C3, the contacts of relay K7 (28-26) close, and the starter K3 and the electric motor Ml are turned on for left-hand rotation of the spindle. Relay K7 turns on again.

With automatic reverse, these switches occur when microswitch S6 is activated from a cam mounted on the dial.

Stopping is carried out by pressing the S1 STOP button. In this case, starters K1 or K3, K2 are turned off, turning off electric motors M1, M2. Through relay contacts K7 (7-9), relay K6 is turned on, followed by starters K4 and K5. The windings of the electric motor Ml are connected via rectifier VI, V2 to transformer T1. Electrodynamic braking of the spindle occurs.

After the discharge of capacitors C1, C2, relay K6 is turned off, turning off starters K4, K5.

When switching speeds, if the gears do not engage, the rocking motion of the engine rotor Ml is used. By pressing the S4 ROCKING MOTION button, starter K4 is turned on, supplying reduced rectified voltage through phases IC2-IC3.

Through resistance R2, relay K6 is turned on with a delay, turning off starter K4 and turning on starter K5. In this case, the reduced voltage flows through the phases ICI-IC2. Such switchings provide swinging of the rotor, which makes it easier to change gears.

Instructions for using electrical equipment

It is necessary to periodically check the condition of the starting and relay equipment. Contacts of electrical devices must be cleaned of dust, dirt and carbon deposits.

When inspecting relay equipment, special attention should be paid to the reliability of the closing and opening of contact bridges.

The frequency of technical inspections of engines is set depending on production conditions, but not less than once every two months.

Information about interlocks, alarm system, protection and grounding

The input circuit breaker is equipped with a special lock that locks the input switch in the off state.

When the input switch is turned on, a special lamp with a white lens lights up on the remote control. Protection against short circuit currents is provided by a circuit breaker and fuses.

Overload protection of motors Ml, M2 is provided by thermal relays. Zero protection is provided by coils and contacts of electromagnetic starters.

The machine must be securely connected to the workshop grounding device.

From the grounding terminals of the electrical cabinet, protective circuits are routed to the motor housings and the control panel.

Techniques for drilling light alloys

Many types and grades of light alloys are characterized by lower cutting resistance than ferrous metals. Therefore, they are processed at increased cutting speeds with tools made of high-speed steels equipped with carbide alloys. When processing holes, for example in magnesium alloys (ML4, ML5, etc.), on drilling machines, it should be taken into account that the economical speed when using these tools is much higher than what drilling machines can provide. In addition, when processing magnesium alloys at high speeds, there is a danger of their spontaneous ignition.

Taking into account the specifics of processing light alloys, it is recommended to drill them, observing the following rules:

1. Holes in workpieces made of magnesium alloys must be drilled with drills made of carbon or alloy tool steels. On the front surface of the drill, make a chamfer with a rake angle equal to 5° (Fig. 87) and a width of 0.2..0.6 mm depending on the diameter of the drill (the wider the chamfer, the larger the diameter of the drill).
2. To reduce the axial cutting force and obtain crushed chips for the same drills, the jumper should be ground to a thickness of 0.08..1.0 drill diameter D; make the angle φ equal to 45°, the rear angle α ~ 15°.
3. Drills for drilling holes in duralumin alloys of grades D1, D16, etc. must have a chrome-plated cutting part. This prevents small metal particles from sticking to the drill, which complicate chip flow, increase the roughness of the machined surface and accelerate drill wear.
4. For drilling aluminum alloys, it is necessary to use drills with larger angles φ and ω than for drilling ferrous metals; the angle φ should be equal to 66..70°, the angle of inclination of the helical grooves ω is equal to 35..45°, the relief angle α = 8..10°.

Technical characteristics of the machine 2N125

Parameter name	2N125	2N135	2N150
Basic machine parameters
The largest drilling diameter in steel is 45, mm	25	35	50
The smallest and largest distance from the end of the spindle to the table, mm	60…700	30…750	0…800
The smallest and largest distance from the end of the spindle to the plate, mm	690…1060	700…1120	700…1250
Distance from the axis of the vertical spindle to the rack guides (overhang), mm	250	300	350
Desktop
Maximum load on the table (center), kg
Dimensions of the working surface of the table, mm	400 x 450	450 x 500	500 x 560
Number of T-slots Dimensions of T-slots	3	3	3
Maximum vertical movement of the table (Z axis), mm	270	300	360
Table movement per one revolution of the handle, mm
Spindle
Maximum movement (installation) of the spindle head, mm	170	170	250
Maximum movement (stroke) of the spindle, mm	200	250	300
Spindle movement by one dial division, mm	1,0	1,0	1,0
Spindle movement per one revolution of the handwheel-handle, mm	122,46	122,46	131,68
Spindle speed, rpm	45…2000	31,5…1400	22,4…1000
Number of spindle speeds	12	12	12
Maximum permissible torque, Nm	250	400	800
Spindle taper	Morse 3	Morse 4	Morse 5
Machine mechanics
Number of working feed stages	9	9	12
Limits of vertical working feeds per spindle revolution, mm	0,1…1,6	0,1…1,6	0,05…2,24
Cycle management	Manual	Manual	Manual
Maximum permissible feed force, kN	9	15	23,5
Dynamic spindle braking	Eat	Eat	Eat
Drive unit
Main motion drive electric motor, kW	2,2	4,0	7,5
Electric coolant pump Type	X14-22M	X14-22M	X14-22M
Machine dimensions
Machine dimensions, mm	2350 x 785 x 915	2535 x 825 x 1030	2930 x 890 x 1355
Machine weight, kg	880	1200	1870

Bibliography:

Universal vertical drilling machines 2N125, 2N135, 2N150. Operating manual 2N125.00.000 RE, 1987
Barun V.A. Working on drilling machines, 1963
Vinnikov I.Z., Frenkel M.I. Driller, 1971
Vinnikov I.Z. Drilling machines and work on them, 1988
Loskutov V.V Drilling and boring machines, 1981
Panov F.S. Working on CNC machines, 1984
Popov V.M., Gladilina I.I. Driller, 1958
Sysoev V.I. Handbook for a Young Driller, 1962
Tepinkichiev V.K. Metal cutting machines, 1973

What is a machine model 2N125

Fully justifying its versatility, the 2N125 device allows you to effectively perform a whole list of technological operations:

drilling and reaming holes;
deployment;
countersinking;
internal thread cutting.

Location of the main parts of the machine

Spindle assembly structure: 1 – bearing adjustment nut; 2 – spindle; 3 – sleeve; 4 – lever

Kinematic diagram and rotation graphs of the main drive of the machine: a) 2N125; b) 2N135 (click to enlarge)

Of course, the vertical drilling machine model 2N125 does not have the same compact dimensions and ease of use as many modern devices, but these minor shortcomings are compensated by its high reliability and affordable price.

Modern equipment modifications

Over the long period of its existence, the vertical drilling machine model 2N125 was subjected to several modifications, which was caused by the need to make the device more convenient to use. However, if you study the technical data sheets of the modified models, you will notice that their kinematic diagrams differ slightly from each other. This indicates that all modified devices are as reliable as the base model.

The front panel of the 2N125 machine, produced half a century ago and still working in the tool shop

On the modern market you can find the following modifications of the 2N125 vertical drilling machine.

2N125A

This is a model in which developers tried to automate the process of performing a number of technological operations. Before starting to process a part, the machine operator can set operating parameters, which is done by adjusting special cams and manipulating the equipment controls. After the required parameters are set, the operator can only turn on the machine and monitor the progress of processing.

2N125S

The characteristics of this vertical drilling machine make it possible to install a spindle unit on it, which has several slots for fixing the tool, which significantly increases the efficiency of use of such a device and processing productivity.

2Н125Н

According to the passport, these vertical drilling machines are equipped with not only multi-spindle drilling heads, but also rotary work tables, which significantly expands the functionality of these devices and makes working on them more convenient and productive.

2N125K

The work table of such vertical drilling machines has a cross design.

Cross table-vice placed on a standard table of the 2N125 machine

2N125F2

This is the most high-tech modification of the machine, equipped with a turret-type working head and a cross table. Technological processing processes are controlled using a CNC system.

There is another modification of the machine in question - 2N135. The passport of this device states that it allows you to drill holes with a diameter of up to 35 mm (the numbers at the end of the marking also indicate this).

What technical capabilities does the basic model machine have?

In order to understand what technical capabilities the machine in question has, just look at its main characteristics, a full list of which is given in the installation passport. This should include the following equipment parameters.

The machine spindle can rotate at a speed in the range of 45–2000 rpm.
For one revolution of the flywheel-handle, the spindle moves an amount of 122.46 mm.
The design of the machine provides 9 working feeds.
The spindle rotation speed can be adjusted in 12 steps.
The equipment corresponds to accuracy class “N”.
The machine is equipped with a work table with dimensions of 400x450 mm.
The overall dimensions of the machine itself are 2350x785x915 mm.
Unit weight – 880 kg.

Detailed technical characteristics of the 2N125 machine

Below you can download free technical documentation for the 2N125 machine, namely the machine passport or operating manual.

Passport of the vertical drilling machine 2N125: Download
The passport of the vertical drilling machine 2N125 provides more complete characteristics of the equipment, as well as an assembly diagram and additional information (year of manufacture, modification, etc.). In addition, the passport contains useful information about the materials that were used in the manufacture of individual structural elements of the machine. Despite the fact that the machine is designed to operate from a three-phase electrical network with a voltage of 380 V, it can also be connected to a single-phase network, but in this case the power of the equipment will be lower.

The vertical drilling machine in question is configured and controlled entirely manually. A special handle-flywheel is responsible for the vertical movement of the spindle, which has a reliable design and, with proper care and timely lubrication, can last for a long time without breakdowns or inaccuracies in operation.

Controls of vertical drilling machine 2h225

The basic model of the machine, as mentioned above, is equipped with a single-spindle drilling head, which is installed in the conical hole of the spindle assembly, made according to the Morse 3 standard. When using a multi-spindle head on modified devices, several cutting tools necessary for processing are installed in it at once. To select the tool required at the moment, such a head is rotated and fixed in a given position using special nuts.

Thus, the design of the 2N125 vertical drilling machine is quite simple, which nevertheless does not interfere with its effective use for accurate and high-quality processing of parts made of various metals.

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4 types of DC motors and their characteristics

characteristics of DC motors

As you already know, there are two electrical elements of a DC motor, field windings and armature windings . The armature windings consist of current-carrying conductors that terminate at the commutator.

4 Types of DC Motors and Their Characteristics (Pictured: 575kW DC Motor Commutator; Credit: Pedro Raposo) Constant Voltage

is supplied to the armature windings through carbon brushes that move on the commutator. In small DC motors, permanent magnets may be used for the stator. However, in large motors used in industry, the stator is an electromagnet.

When voltage is applied to the stator windings, an electromagnet with north and south poles is installed. The resulting magnetic field is static (no rotation).

For ease of explanation, the stator is represented by permanent magnets in the following figure.

DC Motor Construction

The field of DC motors can be:

Permanent Magnet (Permanent Magnet Stator),
electromagnets connected in series (wound stator),
shunt (wound stator) or

Compound

(wound stator).

Let's look at the basics of each type, along with their advantages and disadvantages.

Permanent magnet motors

Permanent Magnet Motor
A permanent magnet motor uses a magnet to supply a flux field . Permanent magnet DC motors have excellent starting power with good speed control. The disadvantage of permanent magnet DC motors is that they are limited by the amount of load they can drive. These motors can be found in low power applications.

Another disadvantage is that torque is usually limited to -150% of rated torque to prevent demagnetization of the permanent magnets.

Return to contents No.

Motors Series

Series DC Motor
In a series DC motor, the field is connected in series with the armature. The field is wound on several turns of large wire because it must carry the full armature current.

A characteristic feature of production engines is that the engine produces a large amount of starting torque. However, the speed varies greatly from idle to full load. Series motors cannot be used where constant speed is required under varying loads.

In addition, the speed of a series motor without load increases to the point that the motor may be damaged. Some load must always be connected to a series-connected motor.

Series motors

, are generally not suitable for use in most variable speed applications.

Return to contents No.

3.Shunt Motors

DC shunt motor
In a shunt motor, the field is connected in parallel (shunt) to the armature windings. The shunt motor provides good speed control. The field winding can be excited separately or connected to the same source as the armature.

The advantage of a separate excited shunt field is the variable speed drive's ability to provide independent armature and field control.

The shunt motor provides simplified reverse control. This is especially useful in regenerative drives.

Return to contents No.

Composite engines

Compound DC Motor
Compound motors have a field connected in series with the armature and a separate excited shunt field. The series field provides better starting torque and the shunt field provides better speed control .

However, the series field can cause control problems in variable speed applications and is not typically used in four quadrant drives.

Return to contents No.

DC Motor - Explained (VIDEO)

Can't see this video? Click here to watch it on Youtube.

Link: DC Drive Fundamentals - SIEMENS (Download)

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