Self-production of wooden canopies from logs, boards, timber

A sawmill is a woodworking machine used for longitudinal sawing of blanks from various types of wood. It was invented in the Bronze Age and was originally used in shipbuilding. To construct a sawmill with your own hands, you need to know the structure, operating principle and main types of this unit.

Selecting the type of structure and installation location

They create canopies taking into account the type of structure and environmental conditions. If you decide to attach a canopy to your dacha, you need to analyze the condition of the fundamental part and the front wall of the house.

Attention! It is better to build a wooden structure on an elevated place, away from woody plants.

The next stage in construction is the creation of a project. Experts recommend sketching on paper the future canopy for a wooden house and indicating the dimensional characteristics of the elements - this will make it easier to calculate the amount of material needed.

Assembling the frame of a wooden canopy

So, let's start assembling the frame of the wooden canopy. First of all, we attach the horizontal beams to the vertical supports. For fastening we use bolts, which we screw into specially drilled holes and tighten very tightly and firmly.

This connection must withstand lateral forces, and very significant ones at that. In order to increase strength, you can connect them with brackets made of building reinforcement. The diameter of the fittings is 6-8mm.

The second step is to saw down the rafter legs to install the finished trusses on the canopy. Measure and make cuts in the first truss. A portable circular saw or electric saw is best suited for this job.

By the way, if you make the trusses completely identical, then you don’t even have to measure the cuts of the rafter legs. And do it under one template.

Then you can install the structure in its place. Install it and secure it with supports temporarily. Then you will remove these supports. We screw the truss itself to the beams with 5cmX5cm corners.

Choose a corner thickness of at least 1 mm. We install the last farm using the same method. And we stretch a rope between the trusses. The remaining elements should be installed on it.

Temporarily fasten the trusses together with boards or slats. Anything you have on hand. Subsequently, all this will be removed. In no case should the difference between the outer trusses be more than two centimeters. If it is more, it must be corrected. Therefore, try not to make mistakes. It will be very difficult and time-consuming to correct them later.

Description of species

To build a wooden structure yourself, you need to decide on the type of structure. Depending on the location, canopies are divided into:

free-standing;
integrated into the overall architectural ensemble.

According to their purpose they can be divided into:

decorative - they are created to decorate a site, to create a place to relax;
canopies-shelters - for protection from bad weather, storage of things, etc.

The form is:

single slope type;
gable type;
curly.

What to do if the chainsaw does not idle?

Problems with idle speed are considered constant companions of chainsaws. There may be several prerequisites that could lead to stalling at the time of start-up and cranking of the chain when idling, the main ones being:

air and gasoline filters are clogged;
poor quality fuel mixture or improper preparation;
problems with the ignition module;
a carburetor whose settings no longer correspond to the load on the saw;
motor elements are deformed or rusted.

A series of actions are performed sequentially:

wash the fuel hose or replace it with a new one,
Clean the air filter, which could be clogged with sawdust and dirt particles. Modern air filters are reusable, they can be washed with the addition of detergent, completely removing them from the saw body;
check gasoline and motor oil, which may be of poor quality or simply not suitable for working with this saw;
testing spark plugs and carburetor.

Eliminating one or more possible problems will usually restore the saw to its former strength.

General requirements for structures

The main list of rules that must be taken into account during construction: Racks are created from the strongest materials that can withstand heavy loads: logs DM from 10 to 20 centimeters. The length of the cross-sectional sides is from 9 to 15 centimeters. All materials must be treated with bactericidal impregnation. It is also necessary to treat with fire retardants. Typically, cellular polycarbonate is used to create a canopy. Advantages of the material:

affordable price;
weighs little;
flexible:
you can arrange an arched canopy;
transparent;
variety of color solutions.

Flaw:

high coefficient of thermal expansion.

The dimensional characteristics of the canopy are determined by its purpose: the minimum permissible height for the roof is 2 m, 2.5 m is also suitable.

Examples of drawings and standard projects

The process of creating a canopy for a house made of wood with your own hands is simple: you can work with wood even with hand tools; assembly does not require electric welding, as for steel products. But it’s still better to make a drawing in advance. This will speed up the work and ensure rational use of materials. Creating a drawing begins with measuring the construction site of the canopy.

Next you need to understand the design. The simplest option is the flat single-pitched type. Covered with transparent polycarbonate, this structure will be a wonderful place to relax.

It is difficult to make an arched canopy from rigid wood: arches are formed from several elements cut with an electric jigsaw. Therefore, most often preference is given to flat roofs. Small buildings are placed on six racks; if the dimensions are large, you will have to make eight or ten.

We install the roof on a wooden canopy

On the installed trusses we attach a continuous sheathing made of OSB board, 12 mm thick. The OSB board is attached to the rafters with nails or self-tapping screws. Next, flexible tiles or any other roofing material are installed.

Next, we install the waterproofing lining barrier. As one of the options, non-woven material with bitumen impregnation.

We complete the arrangement of the canopy by installing a drainage system. We fix the gutter on short plastic brackets. We install the holders after laying the roofing.

We told you how to build a wooden canopy with your own hands, it’s up to you)

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What wood to use for awnings

To create a roof you can use:

Glued and profiled timber.
Logs.
Beam.
Thin boards 15-40 mm, plywood sheet.
Trunks of woody plants.
Lining, block house, boards, panels.

Important! A canopy made of timber, trunks, or logs goes well with stones, concrete mix, metal, and polycarbonate. These materials help make the structure more beautiful and elegant.

Preparatory work

Preparation should begin with the formation of a sketch, and then a drawing based on it. Calculate a flat, lean-to wooden canopy and find out what materials are needed and in what quantities. Most often, the following lumber is used to create a roof:

Bar for racks - section 70 by 70 mm.
The beam attached to the wall is 40 by 60 mm.
Front type beam – 40 by 80 mm.
Beam for floors – 40 by 60 mm.
Polycarbonate.
Antiseptic.
Hardware.
Wood cutting device and screwdriver.
Crushed stone.
Geotextiles.

Why doesn't the chainsaw gain momentum?

Starting up is a complex multi-level process in which almost all life support systems of the saw are involved. That is why the fact that the chain saw loses speed, turns on intermittently and feels confident only at idle should be considered from different angles.

The following factors could lead to this:

a faulty motor - its service life could be exhausted, and the piston rings and cylinder could wear out, become deformed, or even succumb to corrosion;
a faulty spark plug or the coil itself - as a result, the spark necessary to ignite the air-fuel mixture is not produced;
unbalance of the carburetor screws, as well as a number of reasons that could cause it to fail.

Construction stages

The work will cost much less, and the roof will be built faster if everything is done according to a step-by-step plan. The construction of a canopy made of logs consists of several stages that must be completed. So, do the work sequentially, first do the planning, calculate the amount of materials, and then proceed to construction.

Carport with pitched roof

To create, you need to prepare the following materials:

A – six metal anchors, pipes (about 30 cm), cement composition, sand, gravel.
B – two bars measuring 10 by 10 cm and a length of 2.4 m, 2 bars measuring 10 by 10 cm and a length of 3.2 m.
C – four boards measuring 5 by 15 cm and 3 m long.
D – eight boards with dimensional characteristics of 5 by 10 centimeters and a length of 0.65 m.
E - twelve boards measuring 5 by 10 centimeters and 3.15 m long.

For a lean-to canopy, the following may also be useful:

F – plywood sheets.
G – lining type carpet.
H – soft roofing material.

Opening a business or what you need to know

Before opening a business, you need to ask whether logging in the surrounding area is prohibited, and whether officials are going to ban it in the near future. To begin with, you will need an area of at least 30 acres, which you need to plan as follows:

Driveways.
Warehouse for raw materials (based on half a month's supply).
Warehouse for finished products (based on half a month's supply).
Place for the sawmill itself and a canopy for force majeure weather conditions.

The most correct decision is to buy a plot of land at auction as your own. The fact is that the so-called “standing timber” is much cheaper than the raw wood that is brought to you at the sawmill - that’s the savings. After you have won the auction and become the owner of your plot, you need to organize a place for the sawmill.

Where your sawmill is installed, a shed must be built.

If the dimensions of the band sawmill are 8x2.4x2 m, then the room should be at least 10x20x5 m. Separately, let’s talk about the height; if you load logs with a crane beam, then the height should be at least 5 m.

One of the long walls of the canopy is made solid at the bottom to make it easier to collect sawdust, and the second wall is left open to roll logs from the overpass. In general, the overpass is the first stage of construction. A canopy is often built either right next to the overpass, or then rails are laid along which the trolley will ride.

Workers must perform all manipulations with logs using special hand-held log turntables to avoid occupational injuries. In general, market players strongly recommend collecting visual experience first. The slightest flaw in the organization of the premises - the scheme becomes inoperative. Don’t forget that workers should have their own shed with a sink and water, as well as a separate, insulated bathroom.

Creating a canopy

First you need to make the correct markings. To do this, you need to make a structure from cast-offs and twine. A cast-off is an additional product that helps to evenly mark the location of the supporting columns of the canopy. You need 10 pieces of such products.

The dimensional characteristics of the roof are 3 m by 6 m. Mark a place with similar dimensions. Then, at a distance of 30 centimeters from each of the 4 corner points, dig 2 cast-offs into the ground. Measure 3 meters along the two long sides of the site from the corner point. A central type of support should be located here.

Other chainsaw malfunctions

Many users encounter problems when the chainsaw does not slow down. The device reaches maximum power in a matter of seconds, which cannot be reduced.

This may be due to the fact that:

the throttle valve does not function - its spring or traction element has weakened;
the power switch does not switch well;
The throttle shaft has lost its spin.

But the opposite situation can also happen - when the saw gains power uncontrollably. The reasons why the chainsaw itself gains momentum should be looked for in:

carburetor - it needs to be cleaned or reconfigured;
fuel supply system - gas filter, fuel hose;
malfunctions of the cylinder-piston pipes or pipes connecting them to the carburetor.

There are quite a lot of breakdowns that manifest themselves through speeds that are atypical for a particular part of the operating cycle. But careful attention to the instrument will help to diagnose them in time and return it to normal operation.

Installation of a lean-to canopy

To ensure that the liquid completely drains from the canopy made of boards and does not accumulate, cut the edges of the boards of the crossbars at an angle of 15°. You can install the crossbars using two methods. The first is using self-tapping screws through a support-type beam into the end part of the crossbar. The second is through metal corners. The distance between the rods should be from 0.5 m to 0.55 m.

First, fasten two crossbars of the lean-to canopy sheathing on the sides of the middle support columns, then two more rods along the edges of the product. Secure the rest between them. Various materials can be used to cover a lean-to model. If it is a cellular type of polycarbonate or slate, then the work on the frame is completed, because they are attached directly to the sheathing of the canopy. Other materials have their own technologies.

Construction of a canopy over the porch

You will have to buy the following devices to form a canopy made of wood:

hacksaw;
metal corners;
screwdriver;
self-tapping screws;
anchor fasteners;
hammer.

When the lumber to create a canopy for a wooden dacha has been purchased, as well as the tools, you can get to work. First of all, you need to make a drawing of the roof. When developing it, the type of fundamental structure, materials for the canopy, decoration and much more are taken into account.

How to make a sawmill with your own hands

Before making a sawmill, you need to choose the place where the future machine will be located. The minimum area of the working room should be 18 m2. The equipment can be placed in open space. In this case, it is recommended to build a fence around the homemade sawmill and install a small canopy over it. This will allow you to process workpieces in any weather conditions. It is also necessary to pre-equip the storage location. It is recommended to store the sawmill in closed areas with low humidity.

In order to make a sawmill, you need to purchase the following tools and components:

Cutting elements: chains, saws, discs and frames. To make a band sawmill, you need to purchase several saw blades.
Measuring instruments: ruler, tape measure, level, caliper.
Tank with cutting fluid.
Fastening elements: 100x100 angles, 8 M16 bolts, nuts, screws and washers.
Pipes with dimensions 80x40 and 60x60 A round pipe with a diameter of 50 mm is also required.
Electric motor and bearings.
Rollers, rail tracks and several hubs.
Hammer, drill, pliers, grinder.

After selecting components and tools, it is necessary to develop drawings of the sawmill. They must be marked:

Dimensions of the site where the equipment will be located.
Distance between sawmill rails and cross units.
Location of rollers, screws, bearings.
Total number of angles and metal pipes.

The process of assembling a woodworking machine is carried out in several stages:

Construction of the foundation. Its height should not be 10-15 cm. It is necessary to install a reinforcing belt and a cushion of sand and crushed stone on the base.
Installation of guides from angles, rails and channels. They must be laid edge up. Using anchor bolts, guides are attached to the base of the machine. Sleepers are laid between the rails. The corners are fixed with a threaded connection.
Arrangement of a platform for fixing logs. H-shaped sections of the profile and projections are attached to the sleepers.
Assembling rollers from bearings. They must have the same internal diameter. The difference between the outer diameters of the parts depends on the height of the rail and the angle.
Assembling the saw frame. Bushings are installed on 2 guides made of metal pipes installed in a vertical position. The frame for the mobile cart should have a rectangular shape. Rollers are installed in its lower part.
Installation of the screw mechanism. The nuts are attached to the lower sliders, the stops are attached to the upper crossbar. Devices for adjusting tension are installed on the shafts of the screw mechanism, fixed between the rollers and brackets.
Fastening the wheels and hub to the bottom of the frame. These components are attached using bearing units. A pulley is mounted on the hubs, receiving torque from the electric motor.
Installation of the power unit on a vertical frame. It is connected to the screw mechanism using a pulley. To increase productivity, it is recommended to equip a homemade machine with an engine from a walk-behind tractor. It runs on gasoline, which increases the power of the unit. Sawmills with a walk-behind tractor engine are very noisy.

After installing the electric motor, you must connect the machine to the electrical network. It is recommended to equip the unit with a steel shield that protects the operator from sawdust and industrial debris. When using a homemade saw, you need to periodically sharpen the cutting elements.

Band sawmill

To assemble a band-type woodworking machine, special wheels and band saws are required. Initially, the frame of the machine is assembled. Then the rail guides and sleepers are made. Devices for fixing the workpieces being processed are attached to the profile pipe. According to the drawings, a mobile cart is assembled and wheels are installed in its lower part. At the end, an electric motor is connected to the working mechanism.

Chain sawmill

This woodworking machine requires a chain saw to make. It is installed on a flat surface, which allows the operator to control the unit from different sides. Initially, the frame is made from a profile made of steel. Several holes are made in the base on which the frame is fixed. The stop and clamping mechanisms required for fixing the electric motor are installed on the base. At the end, a saw with a chain is attached.

Corner or disc sawmill

To cut many logs, you need to use corner or disc sawmills. They are distinguished by high power and structural strength. You can make these sawmills yourself using an electric saw. Guides are installed on the frame. The joints are fastened by welding. If you don’t have an electric saw, you can assemble corner or circular sawmills from a grinder. It is recommended to use a gasoline engine as the main power unit. It will increase the power of the device to 6-9 hp. With. The disadvantage of a gasoline unit is its noisy operation.

Chainsaw sawmill

You can make small-sized machines from a chainsaw. To assemble a woodworking machine, you will also additionally need 2 channels, angles and rails. You need to make holes in the base. They need to be secured with metal ties. These components are fastened using bolts. During installation work, it is important to ensure that the ties are installed at right angles.

To increase the strength of the frame of a homemade chainsaw sawmill, you need to attach stiffening ribs to it. After this, the mobile cart is assembled. 2 corners are fixed in its lower part. Afterwards the cart is installed on bearings. To secure the chainsaw to the frame, you need to install additional angles at the top of the cart. At the end, fasteners are installed to secure the logs being processed.

How to make a wooden canopy at your dacha with your own hands