The chain saw is capable of real miracles. This tool allows you to quickly and easily turn rough rough wood or construction board into smooth and neat workpieces.
Of course, only an experienced specialist . After all, you need to know many of the wisdom on which the technique of sawing wood is based. Otherwise, the chainsaw can turn from a helper into a whirring armageddon that you'd better stay away from.
Chainsaw tools can be either gasoline or electric. Chainsaws are mobile and autonomous, while electric saws are lightweight, compact and environmentally friendly.
Below the text will tell you how to work with a chainsaw correctly . The review will discuss the basic methods and techniques for safe sawing of wood.
What types of chainsaws are there?
Before you start working, it is worth understanding the principle of operation of a chainsaw, as well as the types and types.
A chainsaw is a universal tool for working with wood. It is used to cut down trees and twigs, trim branches, saw construction materials, and also use it in creativity. However, working with a chainsaw requires certain knowledge and skills, otherwise there is a risk to health or even life.
Before you buy a saw, you need to carefully study the offers on the market. You should start by choosing the type of tool. There are 3 types that differ in power, operating time and cost:
- Household chainsaws. These include instruments with power up to 1.5 thousand W and up to 2.04 liters. With. The length of the tire is 30-45 cm. The continuous operation time of such models is about 30-40 minutes, the weight is 2-6 kg. The tool is suitable for small jobs, such as trimming bushes or preparing a small amount of firewood.
- Semi-professional, also called universal. These are saws with a power of 1.5-2.5 thousand W and 2.04-3.4 liters. With. They can work up to 5 hours a day, although overloading them is not recommended. The length of the bar is the same as that of household models - from 38 to 45 cm. Such a saw will be required when building a house, barn, bathhouse or other structure, for large logging operations.
Cutting down a branch Source publishernews.ru
- Professional. The design of this chainsaw is similar to previous models, but they differ in characteristics. Their power is 2.5-5 thousand W and 3.4-6.8 liters. With. They can work up to 16 hours a day, continuous operation is up to 8 hours. The width of the tire can reach up to 100 cm. They are suitable for large-scale work that requires a significant investment of time. Professional models are not suitable for everyday use: they are large and heavy.
In addition, chainsaws are divided by weight and dimensions, speed, chain pitch, fuel tank volume and other characteristics. Some models have additional parameters, for example, an anti-vibration system or automatic chain lubrication. This affects the cost of the tool.
Preparation of a flammable mixture
Regardless of status, power and purpose, the chainsaw is powered by a two-stroke internal combustion engine running on a mixture of high-octane gasoline and motor oil.
As a rule, it is recommended to use branded consumables, but choosing an analogue with identical characteristics from the ranges of other leading manufacturers is also not excluded.
The proportion specified by the developers is indicated in the attached instruction manual. In most cases, the oil to gasoline ratio is 1:40 or 1:50. The finished mixture cannot be stored for long periods of time, so it is prepared in quantities sufficient for one-time use.
Preparing for work
After choosing a suitable saw and purchasing it, you must carefully study the operating instructions. A chainsaw is a dangerous tool; working with it requires extreme care.
Preparing the saw for work consists of several steps:
- It is necessary to check the tool externally: the parts must be well secured, the body is not damaged, the tire is fixed in its normal place, the chain is inserted into the grooves and engaged with the sprocket.
Using a chainsaw to fell a tree Source 90zavod.ru
- Then, in the process of preparing the chainsaw for work, you need to check the chain tension. It must be optimal: if the tension is too strong, the load on the engine will increase; if it is weak, the chain may jump off during operation. To check, you need to try to pull the chain in the middle: it should come out of the groove by a few millimeters. Then the chain needs to be turned a little - it should move freely without getting stuck. If the chain does not move or rise, the tension needs to be loosened; if the chain sags, tighten it.
- Afterwards, you need to fill the chainsaw with fuel: gasoline and oil for two-stroke engines. The ratio of gasoline and oil is indicated by the manufacturers themselves. Usually take 20 ml of oil per liter of gasoline. Both substances are mixed and poured into the tank.
- Finally, add oil to lubricate the chain. It is necessary to use only special oils - motor oils can easily damage the engine.
It is important to remember that fuel and lubricant are consumed approximately equally. It is necessary to regularly check their level and top up as needed.
Checking the chain before work Source laukar.com
See also: Catalog of construction companies that have their own production of materials and components for the construction of houses
Refill features
It is recommended to fill the fuel into the tank through a funnel with a fine-mesh filter, which prevents water and small debris from entering the fuel system.
This measure is compensated by the impeccable operation of the carburetor. In addition to the gas tank, in the saw body there is another reservoir for chain oil; the symbols on the lid will help you determine the correct neck.
The lubrication system supplies special oil to the working area to cool the saw set and extend its service life. Filling the oil system with waste or other oil substitutes negatively affects the durability of the pump, bar and saw chain, as well as the performance of the chainsaw as a whole.
Starting a chainsaw
Before sawing with a chainsaw, you need to take care of protection. The equipment must be complete: a helmet covering the face, headphones, special thick gloves, closed shoes with steel plates. Clothing should be made of durable fabric, but comfortable and tight enough so that loose edges do not accidentally get caught in the instrument.
The saw is started as follows:
- The tool is placed on a flat area away from the refueling site so that there is no fire during startup. It is worth checking in advance that there are no objects under the chain that the chain could catch.
- Turn on the handbrake so that the saw does not start working too early.
- The left hand holds the front handle, the right foot is placed on the rear handle.
- Then turn on the ignition button, extend the throttle and pull the starter handle several times. The latter must be done with sharp movements, and after tension, immediately release.
- When the first “flash” appears in the engine, the shutter is retracted and the starter handle is sharply pulled again until the engine starts completely. Once the engine starts, it will no longer be possible to keep the rope extended. Usually the engine starts 3-4 times.
Video description
How to check chain lubrication is shown in this video:
- After starting and before you start using the Shtil chainsaw, the engine must run for at least a minute to fully warm up. To do this, squeeze the gas to the end.
- At the end, turn off the brake and check the lubricant supply. To do this, the instrument is brought to a light object (sheet of paper or wood) and held above it. If traces of oil appear on it, then there is enough lubrication.
Using the above method, start the chainsaw with a cold motor. If the tool has been running for some time and has not cooled down after that, there is no need to move the throttle valve.
Tree felling tools
In order to fell a tree in a certain direction, professional fellers and others use special tools. The most common of them are felling forks, wedges and blades. Special hydraulic or mechanical jacks can also be used.
Wedges can be made from wood directly at the felling site or purchased in specialized stores. Wedges made of polymer materials are widely used, the size of which is selected depending on the diameter of the tree being cut.
In order to have an idea about felling jacks, we recommend watching a video that shows how, using this device, a lumberjack cuts down and lays a pine tree in the direction he needs.
Felling blades work on the principle of a wedge, only they have a lever, thanks to which the operator can increase the force and help the tree fall in the desired direction. The principle of operation of the felling blade or also called the lever can be found out by watching the video below.
How to use a chainsaw correctly
Launching the tool is easy, but working with it can cause some difficulties. A few tips will help make the process easier and safer:
- The saw must be held with both hands, the handle held firmly with all fingers. The left thumb should be located under the front handle.
- You need to keep the tool closer to your body: this makes it easier to maintain control over the saw and maintain balance. In addition, in this position the hands get less tired.
- Your legs should be wide apart and your knees bent to maintain stability. It is better to keep your back straight.
How to hold a chainsaw correctly Source pexels.com
When figuring out how to cut with a chainsaw correctly, do not forget about the importance of correct movements. If it is necessary to change position, turn off the chainsaw and put on the brake. In some cases, if a long break in work is required, the tire should be covered with a casing.
Experts recommend learning to use a chainsaw on horizontal logs of medium thickness. They are not difficult to work with, and in the process it is easy to figure out how to properly handle the saw.
The only difficulty with cutting logs is choosing a blade. The thinner the log, the smaller the canvas should be. However, this is not a mandatory rule and can be ignored.
Video description
You can see how exactly the cuts should go in the video. While
learning how to cut correctly, you should not forget about a common situation. If the tire is stuck in the barrel, it should not be jerked sharply. First you need to turn off the engine and put on the brake, then manually carefully tilt the barrel until the chainsaw pops out. To prevent getting stuck, it is recommended to place small stakes during work.
Particularly thick trees are felled only with the help of special equipment and with the involvement of professionals. Beginners should not do this themselves, since there are many felling methods, and the choice depends on various factors.
Cutting down branches
Branches are pruned only from a fallen trunk. When working, you need to exercise special care and caution, as there is a high probability of the branch rebounding.
When working, you should follow several rules:
- First of all, it is important to secure the barrel so that it does not roll. It happens that the trunk rests on just one branch; after cutting it down, the tree tilts or begins to roll.
- First, cut down the lower branches, gradually moving towards the upper ones. They begin to work standing to the left of the tree.
- When working, the chainsaw can be pressed against a thigh or tree. The branches are cut off from the top by turning the tool on its side.
Cutting branches Source ghirardellitractor.it
- When considering how to properly cut down branches, it is worth remembering an important point. It is not recommended to use the nose part of the blade; it is better to cut with the middle and bottom part, otherwise the branches will bounce off.
- Thick branches can be cut down in sections, starting from the top. You may also need to make cuts on both sides.
If the blade is jammed, it is released as if it is stuck in the trunk: first turn off the tool, then pull the branch to the side.
Cutting trunks into logs
An electric or gasoline chain saw is also suitable for cutting fallen trees into firewood . First you need to trim the branches. Small branches with foliage can be immediately sent to the mulcher. Then you can start cutting the trunk itself. The trunk, like the branches, begins to be cut from the top.
If the tree trunk has a large girth, then such wood is dissolved directly on the ground. When sawing a trunk of small diameter, up to 20 (cm), it is recommended to cut it using a goat (stand).
Briefly about the main thing
A chainsaw is a difficult but useful tool. They can be used to cut down trees, trim branches, make logs for logs, prepare logs for beams or other building materials. And many professionals even use a chainsaw in their creativity.
I'm not that professional; a household model is enough for me to work with. It is easy for her to cut down trees of different thicknesses (except for the thickest ones) and prepare firewood. I also use it for cutting boards and logs. The tool is quite light and compact, so your hands don’t get tired of holding it.
When working, the most important thing is to protect yourself (helmet, mask, gloves, boots) and act carefully, especially the first time. When in doubt or when tired, it is better to stop and continue later than to accidentally make a mistake.
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Feller position
In order to avoid injury when cutting down a tree, the feller must always choose the correct position. The correct position is considered to be one in which the feller can escape from danger at any time. For this reason, before felling trees, the operator should clear away any small growth that could cause a tripping hazard. When felling, you need to hold the saw with both hands and be in the area opposite to where you plan to fell the tree.
It is allowed to be in the area of a falling tree only to cut out a wedge, which is done first.
