Definition
Pressure devices consist of a container containing a punch, mold, needles and other components. What is a blow? It plays an important role in the stamping or marking process and is one of the main elements of the pressing device. The purpose of a punch is to press down on a metal piece to highlight certain symbols or holes on it. In addition, this equipment can be used to extrude the required part, apply standard or mirror markings, and print the required number of elements.
Types of punches
According to the type of design and method of exposure of the part, the following types are used:
- perforated elements;
- stamping machines.
- punching devices;
- stabbing fists;
If you need to create a large volume of parts, you can place the punch in a specially made holder.
Partner
An equally important detail in printing products is the matrix. This is the box that the hammer drill should fit into. The matrix is directly involved in the process of forming the shape on the surface of the product. In direct stamping equipment, the mold is a chamber into which the pressed material is loaded. The bottom of the box forms the image on the parts, and the impact is aimed at the contents from above. Depending on the complexity of the part being manufactured, there are solid and composite forms.
Punch needle for crucible punchers PH-50A and PH-100A
YOU CAN PAY FOR YOUR ORDER IN SEVERAL WAYS:
FOR LEGAL ENTITIES:
- Cashless payments for legal entities. We issue invoices without VAT. You can receive and pay an invoice by providing your company details. You can fill out the details yourself when placing an order on the website or send them to us by email. mail.
FOR INDIVIDUALS:
- By bank card online. After placing your order, we will send you an email containing a link to the bank card payment page. Calculations are made using the YandexMoney system.
- SMS code. After placing your order, we will send an SMS message to your mobile phone containing instructions for payment using the Sberbank Online system. (This payment method is available only to Sberbank clients. The phone number must be linked to the Sberbank Online system) This type of payment is possible for orders worth up to 10,000 rubles.
- Payment by Sberbank receipt. Our manager will prepare a receipt for you for payment at any Sberbank branch.
- By bank transfer for individuals. You can pay at any bank using the details from your account, including through your personal online account of any bank.
Please note that the customer, payer and recipient of the goods must be the same, that is, you cannot pay for your order using someone else's bank card, nor can you pay for someone else's order with your card.
When paying by bank transfer, keep in mind that banks charge a commission for transferring money. It can be up to 3% of the transfer amount. Check the cost of banking services with your bank.
We recommend using the payment method by credit card. In this case, the transfer arrives instantly and there is no transfer fee.
YOU CAN RECEIVE YOUR ORDER IN SEVERAL WAYS:
1. Pickup from a warehouse in Moscow.
115516 Moscow, st. Promyshlennaya, 11, gate No. 14
2. Delivery within Moscow.
Courier delivery in Moscow for orders weighing up to 15 kg costs 800 rubles.
The cost of delivery of large and heavy goods is calculated individually. Delivery of large and heavy goods is carried out to the entrance; lifting to the floor is not carried out. Unloading is carried out by the customer.
3. Delivery to regions by DPD.
Delivery of orders is carried out throughout Russia, regardless of the remoteness of the region, including Crimea. Delivery is also carried out to the Republic of Kazakhstan and Belarus.
4. Delivery by other transport companies
If you want to order delivery through any other transport company, when placing your order, indicate the company through which you want to send the goods.
Delivery to the TC pick-up point in your city or to your address is paid at the freight carrier's rates at the expense of the recipient of the goods.
How does the press work?
During operation, the punch (we discussed what it is at the beginning of the article), pressing on a special washer, acts on a metal part, which in turn passes through the matrix. In this way, a workpiece of the required shape is obtained. During operation, parts of pressing equipment are subjected to enormous pressure, reaching up to 500 kg per 1 square meter. Mm. They also constantly heat up to levels above 200 degrees. This causes wear on the stamping and press parts. And due to the additional impact of the processed products, punches and dies lose hardness over time. Therefore, their durability depends on the material from which they are made.
The main purpose of the matrix
In order to make a workpiece of the required shape, a matrix is used, which can be made from:
- polyurethane;
- rubber;
- various metals.
To make an iron part, the matrix must be made of specialized strong steel, which has high wear resistance. Such a structure should be equipped with polished walls and not have a lid.
Experts distinguish the following types of matrices:
- simple;
- complex;
- universal.
The most complex design solutions are used quite rarely, so they are produced to individual order. An example of simple matrices is molds for the production of various blocks and small bricks.
Making punches
High-precision computer-controlled machines are used in the production of stamps. Initially, milling machines are used, which mechanically produce and process parts. Then they are polished and then the working contour of the stamp is applied to the surface using hydraulic equipment. After the punch is made, it is placed in a special hardening furnace.
The produced punches can be cylindrical or shaped, the manufacture of which requires a longer and more complex process. Stamps containing letters or numbers are also produced. This is a square piece of steel with a sawn tip on which the required mark is engraved. A punch of this shape is used for marking various numbers, metal parts, machine elements and other products.
The matrix, in turn, is made after the stamp according to its imprint. The container should be slightly larger in width and size. Thus, the required distance between parts is adjusted by self-processing.
Press equipment parts wear out quickly and require periodic replacement. The use of dies is influenced by mold production methods and industry. The average service life of press components is approximately 6 years.
Stamp and punch
In any stamp, the design of this part always coincides with the cutting part of the matrix.
In fact, this part can be called the closing part, creating the upper part of the product. A punch is a small press that is capable of stamping and marking parts. With its help, you can stamp parts of any shape or apply markings, and it can be ordinary or in a mirror image.
mainly used in the metalworking industry , where metal pressing is used and sheet blanks are formed. In the construction industry, aerated concrete blocks with shaped voids are produced using a punch.
What are punches made of?
An important requirement for stamps and hole punches is a competent choice of the material from which they will be made. The worse the steel, the lower the productivity of the pressing equipment. Volumetric punches of complex shape are made of steel alloys with a high content of chromium and carbon. The most common material is steel marked X12F1. It has high wear resistance, excellent hardenability and is not subject to significant deformation during operation. To make simple forms, tool carbon steel U8A - U11A is used.
Parts made of heat-resistant metals retain their hardness during operation and do not lose their shape. To increase the service life of molds, materials from hard and high-speed alloys have been introduced into production. The cutting edge is applied to the mold or mold body. The best results in the production of molded parts were shown by alloys such as stalinite and stellite. They guarantee the hardness of the elements without the need for hardening.
An excerpt characterizing Punch
Ferapontov, in a waistcoat and a cotton shirt, stood at a bench overlooking the street. Seeing Alpatych, he approached him. - Welcome, Yakov Alpatych. The people are from the city, and you are going to the city,” said the owner. - So, from the city? - said Alpatych. “And I say, people are stupid.” Everyone is afraid of the Frenchman. - Women's talk, women's talk! - said Alpatych. - That’s how I judge, Yakov Alpatych. I say there is an order that they won’t let him in, which means it’s true. And the men are asking for three rubles per cart - there is no cross on them! Yakov Alpatych listened inattentively. He demanded a samovar and hay for the horses and, having drunk tea, went to bed. All night long, troops moved past the inn on the street. The next day Alpatych put on a camisole, which he wore only in the city, and went about his business. The morning was sunny, and from eight o'clock it was already hot. An expensive day for harvesting grain, as Alpatych thought. Shots were heard outside the city from early morning. From eight o'clock the rifle shots were joined by cannon fire. There were a lot of people on the streets, hurrying somewhere, a lot of soldiers, but just as always, cab drivers were driving, merchants were standing at the shops and services were going on in the churches. Alpatych went to the shops, to public places, to the post office and to the governor. In public places, in shops, at the post office, everyone was talking about the army, about the enemy who had already attacked the city; everyone asked each other what to do, and everyone tried to calm each other down.
Punching of sheet parts
The operation of punch printing is quite simple. In this case, part of the material placed in the device is separated from the main one along a given contour. The cutting process creates internal holes. The process of using stamps and punching dies is reminiscent of cutting out parts with scissors. In this case, the cutting elements are a matrix and a punch with sharp edges.
The design of the punch clearly shows how the metal is pressed into the lower part of the matrix, followed by bending and deformation of the material. At the end of the work, as soon as the maximum pressure is reached, the metal fibers are torn and a corresponding cut is made on the product.
In the article we looked at what material the hole punch is made of, what it consists of and where it is used. They are used to mint coins, medals, badges, seals, structured designs, medicines and many other products.
Main characteristics of the product
Absolutely any type of stamps has a certain warranty period. The main components of this device are the matrix and the punch, which wear out quite quickly. These units must be changed regularly because they can last about 5 years without replacement. The equipment of vibration presses and stamping devices has a different design. This is done so that it is possible to carry out various technical operations.
For this reason, extensive grinding is performed when producing cylindrical dies. Craftsmen do rough processing of the device, and then clean grinding. The device is sharpened and polished at the last stage of its manufacture.
To make shaped punches, a technological impression is used. The device is hardened in a hot oven for 10 minutes. Next, the final sanding begins. To obtain a product of complex shape, a large amount of specialized equipment is used. It is almost impossible to do without the use of milling and planing machines.
Similar equipment is needed for matrix production. When the molds for the press are made of very high quality, and the punch is equipped with an accurate cut line, the stamp will have a high degree of wear resistance and a long service life. Experts believe that making stamps with your own hands is very difficult. To do this, you need to have a lot of knowledge in the field of metal processing.
