The abundance of carpentry and carpentry tools can sometimes be confusing. For example, if you compare a chisel and a chisel, it may seem that the tools are the same and there is no point in buying both. This is a big mistake: a chisel and a chisel are very different and cannot fully replace each other. To choose the right tool, it is worth understanding the difference between a chisel and a chisel and which is better to use for specific work.
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History and characteristics of the instrument
At the time of excavations of ancient cities and settlements, the remains of wooden utensils were obtained, which were characterized by quite high quality and beauty. This indicates that various tools were used during the work, including a chisel. The chisel tool is a simple product, the purpose of which is to gouge out various holes and sockets, as well as surface roughing. The key feature is the one-sided sharpening of the cutting edge.
As previously noted, a wood chisel has a rectangular working part. However, recently, tools with a semicircular blade have become widespread.
Its purpose is to obtain grooves of various shapes, as well as to clean corners. There is also a U-shaped version, which has recently been used to obtain recesses intended for door hinges. By using a special tool, the quality of the resulting excavation is significantly improved.
Briefly about the main thing
When assembling my first carpentry tool kit, I often thought: why do I need both a chisel and a chisel? After all, you can buy one thing and use it for all jobs in a row. Unfortunately, it's not possible. More precisely, it is possible if you don’t mind ruining the tool or have time to redo the work itself.
A chisel is a stronger and “rougher” tool that is well suited for rough or large work: for gouging out holes and grooves, and preliminary removing excess from the workpiece. To work with it, you need a hammer: you need to put the end against the wood and hit the butt with the hammer.
A chisel is a thinner and more delicate tool. You cannot hit it - just press with your hand, and the blade will cut the tree itself. Accordingly, it is suitable for figure cutting, finishing and other similar work. It even has a less durable handle; if you hit it, it can easily break.
Write in the comments what you think - Do you have a chisel or chisel in your household? What kind of work do you use them for?
Terms of use
This piece of joinery is used for hollowing out blind and through sockets in workpieces, while the workpiece must be fixedly fixed. The required nests are hollowed out according to pre-made marks. First, using a mallet, the transverse fibers of the wood are cut through, then the chips are removed in one working pass.
By periodically deepening the blade into the wood under the influence of a mallet, the required depth of the cut-out nests is achieved.
When chiselling, closed cutting occurs, as a result of which all three edges of the chisel must be cutting, so that during operation the side cutting edges clean the planes of the nests being made.
Recommendations
When chiselling, the lower part of the part should not shake, so it is pressed tightly to the table surface. It is recommended to place a piece of plywood under the element being manufactured so as not to damage the table. It is better to secure the long part to the tabletop using a clamp.
Before making deep holes, it is recommended to make a socket in the place of the transverse strokes with a drill, and to develop the resulting groove with a chisel. Before work, markings on the site of the future nest are applied on both sides, leaving allowances for future stripping. The chisel is selected according to the width of the hole, which allows you to make a through socket in one step. Otherwise, the hole must be processed on one side and gradually expanded, having previously sawed through the excess part to the desired width.
After work, the chisel is sharpened to remove any burrs that have formed on it. Proper sharpening ensures the edges of the tool are even and free of dents.
What features do chisels have?
A chisel can be used to perform carpentry work and produce wood carvings. It is very similar to the previous type of instrument, but has its own characteristics. Among the features we note the following:
- Can be used for shaped selection of grooves and grooves.
- The shape of the working part may differ significantly; the choice is made depending on the task at hand.
- The blade width, as a rule, varies in the range from 5 to 40 mm.
- The main feature is that the handle is intended only to hold the tool and guide it. This is due to the lack of a ring at the end of the handle.
A chisel is designed to remove small amounts of material from a surface. In this case, figured cutting is possible.
Chisel - gouge out holes with the right tool
There are quite a large number of different carpentry tools that can be used for woodworking. A common one can be called a chisel.
It is used to carry out work that was previously done with a chisel. On sale there are versions used for processing wood or concrete, as well as brick.
Let's take a closer look at the features of this tool.
Description of the tool
When considering what a chisel is, you should pay attention to the fact that such a tool is represented by a steel bar, which can have a square or rectangular cross-section. In many ways, the working surface resembles a chisel. Among the features we note the following points:
- On the reverse side of the metal bar there is a handle, which is often made using plastic or wood. The most commonly used wood is oak or beech; both types of wood are characterized by increased mechanical strength.
- The top is usually made flat. At the same time, there is a bronze or metal ring around the circle, which reduces the likelihood of a crack appearing under mechanical stress.
- The purpose of the chisel is to cut the material with transverse blows. Due to this, the fibers are cut.
- At the time of operation, the blows are made with a hammer. In this case, it is recommended to use a mallet, since when using a regular hammer there is a possibility of defects quickly appearing.
- Typically, when using a chisel, certain depressions are created in the surface of the solid wood.
Types of chisel
Hand carpentry tools should be present in the arsenal of any man who is accustomed to doing household work with his own hands . The set of devices for wood processing is determined by the type of work performed. Depending on the area of application, the chisel has the following types:
- Carpenter's chisel. Intended for use in large construction (log houses, roofs, floors). The width of the working blade exceeds the carpentry model and widens at the base. To attach the handle, instead of a shank, a conical tube is used, into which a wooden handle is inserted. The total length of such a tool is at least 300 mm. Together with carpentry tools, it will be quite useful for people living in private houses.
- Carpenter's chisel. It has a working blade no wider than 15 mm. It is used in smaller jobs (furniture, window frames, inserting locks). The handle is attached by attaching it to the shank until it touches the collar. A carpentry device is more suitable for use in an apartment.
What are the differences?
The main differences between the instruments are the different types of steel used in their manufacture. Also, chisels and chisels have different purposes. Chisels use thinner metals, so this tool is used for thin and delicate work. Nevertheless, the mixed steel is extremely strong and well sharpened. A dull chisel blade will leave jagged edges when cutting wood.
A chisel is a rougher tool and is used to deliver strong blows to it with a mallet. There is also a metal ring on the wooden handle of the chisel, which enhances the reliability of the wooden handle. Many chisels have plastic handles because they don’t bear such a heavy load.
Device and principle of operation
The design of the tool is quite simple - a metal rod with a sharpened edge at one end and a wooden handle at the other. There are standards for carpentry tools - GOST 1185-80 defines a chisel as a percussion-type hand tool.
The design, despite its simplicity, has its own characteristics, and the parts have their own names. The metal blade is called the blade, the wooden part is called the handle.
The tool is used to chisel holes in the longitudinal and transverse direction of wood fibers. When working with a hammer or mallet, blows are struck on the handle. To prevent the handle from cracking, a metal ring can be installed in its upper part.
In operation, the chisel is used as follows:
- The place that needs to be hollowed out is marked on the workpiece;
- Place the sharp edge of the blade on a line perpendicular to the direction of the fibers and make a notch with a light blow of the mallet;
- In a similar way, notches are made along the entire perimeter of the recess;
- After the notch has been made along the entire perimeter, 3-4 mm of wood is removed from the hole;
- The next step is to remove a layer of 2-3 mm;
- After this, a notch is made again around the perimeter;
- The operation is then repeated until the desired excavation depth is achieved.
Shank Types
For carpentry and carpentry type tools, the use of two types of shanks is allowed. For carpentry, a shank in the form of a pointed peak is more often used. The carpenter's style can use both a peaked shank and a bowl shank.
These types of shanks are used depending on the purpose - the bowl is made for 18-25 mm rods, which are used in carpentry and can withstand heavy loads.
Lance, used for small rods. These types of shanks, in addition to rigid fixation in the handle array, are additionally fixed with a metal cap on the blade side. When using a chisel with this type of handle, you should not use a hammer; it is better to use a wooden mallet or mallet.
Material
The state standard also defines the type of material used to make the rod. To make the blade, 12 grades of steel are used; for the wooden handle, the material used must be made of hard wood.
Dimensions and weight
Standards such as dimensions and weight are also defined for the tool. Carpentry chisels are designed for finishing work and are smaller in size. So, with a blade width of 6 mm, the maximum weight should be 180 grams. The largest weight of a carpentry chisel with a rod width of 20 mm is 370 grams.
The carpenter's tool is more powerful and, accordingly, heavier - with a blade width of 16 mm, the weight should be no more than 430 grams, and for the largest one with a width of 25 mm, the weight should be 630 grams.
The carpentry tool also has a large length - the total length with the handle is 345 mm. The length of the canvas is 150-157 mm. The joiner's is smaller - its total length is 315 mm, of which the working rod is 165 mm long. The total length of the handle is 185 mm, and the working part is 110 mm. The shape of the handle is complex - in cut it is 40 by 36 mm.
Types of instruments
Depending on the size and shape of the blade, the tools are designed for different types of work:
- A flat chisel, which is called a regular, carpenter's or thick chisel, is common among craftsmen whose work involves woodworking. It has a dense working blade, and the blade has a rectangular or square profile. The products are distinguished by a large margin of safety, so they are used in work that requires effort.
- The beveled chisel has a trapezoidal blade shape, a blade with an elongated beveled edge. Used to form grooves with straight edges. It is used when processing corner elements of a workpiece. The blade has an elongated bevel, the hand tool can easily penetrate into those hard-to-reach places where other samples cannot reach.
- The semi-circular chisel allows you to select fibers inside the deck. The differences between semicircular devices and chisels are minor.
- A narrow chisel differs from all others in that its blade is longer, thinner, and the cutting edge itself is more beveled and often has a rectangular configuration. This type is best for stripping after the area has been worked with a carpenter's chisel.
- The mini chisel gets its name from its small size and short blade. This miniature tool is suitable for fine, delicate work.
- An L-shaped chisel is equipped with a curved blade (letter “G”). It is convenient for them to select grooves, rectangular or square holes for installing fittings, and to form right angles for workpieces.
- The long one is intended for work on significant penetration into the material. The difference between the sample is in the blade, which has a long, flexible blade.
- A large chisel or slick refers to a hand tool, the blade of which reaches a length of 60 cm, its maximum width is up to 10 cm. The dimensions of the sample require significant weight, so effort will be required. The scope of use of the slick is shipbuilding or rough carpentry (removing bark, rough sampling of material from large-sized workpieces).
- The wide one is intended for construction work. It has a wide, relatively thin blade. This is convenient when removing parquet and dismantling other building materials (screeds, paintwork).
- A beveled chisel has an oblique edge that must be sharpened at an angle of 45-70 degrees. The cutting edge can be beveled in any direction. Using this chisel, craftsmen can make grooves and recesses if it is inconvenient to work with an L-shaped or straight one.
- A medical chisel used by dentists to remove a decayed tooth or perform orthopedic surgery. The difference between this sharpened device is the integrity of the instrument, consisting of medical steel. This allows for sterilization.
Blade bits
Drilling rig diagram and fluid flow.
Blade-type tools differ from roller-cone tools in the relative simplicity of their design and production technology. They also differ in the level of hardness of the processed rocks. Blade drilling elements perform well at high rotation speeds when working on soft, viscous, unconsolidated rocks characterized by a high degree of looseness and plasticity.
Due to their design features, such bits in suitable rocks are capable of achieving hundreds of meters (sometimes up to 1500 m) of penetration in one run.
However, the high rate of penetration using this type of drilling machine is associated with the periodic need to expand the diameter of the well before using the next new bit. In addition, since the rock-cutting parts of blade bits are constantly in contact with the rock, they wear out faster than roller bits.
Diagram of a single-cone bit.
According to industry standards, the following types of blade bits are known today:
- Single-blade (peak-shaped). Diameter – 98.4-444.5 mm. Washing is flow-through (ordinary). Cement plugs and metal parts of the bottom of the casing are drilled out.
- Two-blade. Diameter – 76.0-165.1 mm. Washing is flow-through. Used on soft and plastic rocks.
- Three-blade. Diameter – 120.6-469.9 mm. Washing – flow and hydromonitor.
- Three-bladed abrasive-cutting action. Diameter – 190.5-269.9 mm. Washing – flow and hydromonitor.
- Six-bladed abrasive-cutting action. Diameter – 76.0-269.9 mm. Washing – flow and hydromonitor.
Three-bladed bits, three-bladed abrasive-cutting bits and six-blade abrasive-cutting bits are used to form wells in rocks for oil and gas production.
Chisel and its varieties
Chisel device.
Unlike the previous tool, the chisel is intended for selecting grooves and grooves, small recesses and chamfering, while working along the direction of growth of wood fibers. Its blade is made of a much thinner strip of steel, which can be either flat or groove-shaped. Moreover, if the first is sharpened from above, like a chisel, then the second is sharpened from the reverse surface, facing the wood when working. The handle of the chisel has a dome-shaped pommel, which is convenient for hand pressure. If necessary, only light blows can be applied to it, otherwise it will simply crack.
Chisels in carpentry are used in a whole range of varieties, the main difference of which is not only whether it is flat or grooved, but also in the length and width of the blade. It can range from 4-5 mm to 4 cm. To gouge grooves and recesses of a certain width, it is advisable to use an appropriate chisel, or even several successively. The steel used for such tools is harder than for a chisel, since it must retain its sharpness well. Chisels do finer and more precise work, so they should be able to handle wood fairly easily. A blunt instrument begins to tear it, and the surface becomes rough and uneven.
In general, it is worth noting that the chisel can be used as a flat chisel of the same width if it is first sharpened well. A chisel should only be used as a chisel if absolutely necessary and with extreme caution, otherwise serious damage to the tool may occur.
Each of them, despite their external similarity, is preferably used only for its intended purpose.
This will save you from unnecessary labor costs and extend their service life.
Design and design features of the bit
The design of the drilling tool bit is completely subordinated to the functions it performs. It has a rotating head made of hard material, which allows you to grind the most durable layers of rocks and advance to the required depth. In this case, the drilling speed will not be too high, but not a single obstacle on the way will be able to stop the machine.
The development of mineral deposits very often requires a non-standard approach, since the conditions of their occurrence quite often present a certain difficulty for development. Therefore, you need to be prepared to implement additional measures to overcome problem areas.
In total, there are several types of roller-cone drill bits used in practice:
- • single-cone;
- • double-cone
- • tricone bits;
- • four-cone;
- • six-cone.
They differ from each other in the number of rotating elements used to crush rocks. The single-cone element is used to work with the simplest situations. Accordingly, with an increase in the number of working mechanisms, the functionality for drilling the hardest rocks also increases. During work, it will become clear which bit is suitable, since it is impossible to calculate in advance the geological structure several kilometers down. Therefore, you will have to carefully monitor the readings of the monitoring sensors and change attachments in a timely manner so as not to overload the machine with unnecessary loads.
A photo of a drill bit will best reveal the essence of the tool. On it you can see all the design features of the element that you are building to know about. In this case, the lack of possibility of repair will also be important information for the user. If a chisel breaks, it can only be sent for recycling. There is no point in trying to weld the metal and bring the part back to life, since it will not last even one meter.
Manufacturers
When choosing carpentry tools, it is important to pay attention to the manufacturer’s brand. There are several brands that have proven themselves to be the best. Among them are the following.
- "Anchor". This manufacturer produces sets of chisels that are perfect for beginners. The handle of the tool is wooden, the blade is made of durable alloy steel, which increases the service life of the chisel. The sets contain tools of different sizes, among which you can choose a chisel for any type of work. This manufacturer also has a very attractive price for its product.
- Stanley. Chisels from this manufacturer are designed for fine woodworking. This tool has a two-component handle, the blade is made of durable high-carbon steel. Therefore, this tool can be used to process even the most durable types of wood.
- Matrix. This manufacturer produces chisels and chisels for deep wood processing, thanks to long blades. The handle of these tools is usually rubber, but extremely durable, which allows you to strike the chisel with a mallet without fear of damaging it.
- Narex. Experienced carpenters use tools from this manufacturer. The cost of such chisels is higher than that of other brands, but these tools are highly reliable. The chisel blade does not become dull even with daily use.
Difference from a chisel
The difference between a chisel and a chisel lies in the specific application. The chisel is intended for rough work; its main purpose is to gouge out solid wood. This operation is carried out by hitting the handle with a hammer or mallet. A chisel is a thin tool; most operations are performed using manual force, and only certain operations are performed using a mallet or hammer.
A chisel and a chisel also have structural differences - the chisel resembles a chisel, it has a massive square-shaped blade, a powerful handle with a metal ring on the butt plate. The chisel has a thin blade; for finishing work, you do not need to additionally hit the butt plate with a hammer. The sharpened blade of a chisel is designed for cutting wood in small pieces, most often with just hand force.
Another difference is the shape of the blade and sharpening point. A chisel with the blade sharpened at an angle of 20-25 degrees is enough to make a through hole, a recess, or remove part of solid wood.
It is customary to use a chisel to fine-tune parts to the desired size. The chisels themselves are not only flat, they come with a semicircular blade and a beveled cutting edge. When sharpening, a carpenter's tool is usually sharpened using emery, but a carpenter's tool, after sharpening on emery, must be sharpened manually on a whetstone.
What is a chisel?
A chisel is a cutting tool that allows you to perform various carpentry and joinery work. Most often, the product is used for finishing soft wood. Using a chisel, perform the following operations:
- form a depression on the surface of the workpiece;
- clean the rectangular grooves;
- cut a chamfer;
- apply decorative carvings to the surface.
The scope of use of the chisel is determined by the configuration of the working part and the hardness of the material being processed.
Design Features
The tool consists of a steel blade and a wooden or plastic handle. Unlike a chisel, a chisel is used exclusively manually. Cutting is carried out using muscular force, without the use of a hammer or mallet.
Depending on the operations performed, the shape of the cutting edge can be:
- straight
. This is the most common type. Using such a chisel, you can clean out a groove, form a rectangular recess, or remove excess material from the outer surface of the workpiece; - oblique
_ The increased angle of attack significantly increases cutting speed and reduces the required force. The tool is especially effective when removing excess wood and marking grooves. Thanks to the beveled working part, access to the inner corners of the grooves is simplified; - radius
. This shape of the cutting edge avoids cracking during the sampling process. In addition, it is radius chisels that are used for carving along uneven contours that do not have sharp corners. Often the products are used for carving and other decorative and applied works; - stapled
. The straight cutting edge has two sharpened edges located at right angles to it. The tool is designed to form a direct sample. Such chisels are not widely used due to the difficulty of sharpening; - corner
_ Most often, the cutting edges are located at an angle from 60 to 900, but there are also special products made to order. The tool is intended for decorative and applied works and marking processing contours.
Sometimes you can find cranberries in the arsenal of joiners and carpenters. The tool is a type of chisel with a longitudinal bend in the blade. The cutting edge can be either flat or radius. Most often, cranberry is used when installing mortise locks and forming other deep openings.
In addition to tools for manual processing, there are chisels designed for processing workpieces on lathes. These chisels are made from high-quality tool steels and are characterized by high strength and wear resistance.
What is the difference between a chisel and a chisel?
Despite the external similarity, there are several significant differences between a chisel and a chisel:
Working with a chisel involves hitting the back of the handle with a mallet. This allows you to achieve significant depth of the tool. The chisel can be used to machine grooves and through holes in both soft and hard wood. As a rule, elements made with a chisel require additional finishing.
When working with a chisel, exclusively muscular force is used; the tool is not designed for impact loads. There is no tightening ring on the back of the handle. Chisels are especially effective when working with softwood and medium-hard wood. It is with the help of various chisels that relief and contour carvings are performed.
Returning to the topic of the article “what is the difference between a chisel and a chisel,” we can say the following: the chisel provides the possibility of impact loads and is used primarily for forming grooves, holes and removing excess material from the surface of the workpiece. The chisel is intended for finishing wood and performing decorative and applied works. The use of a mallet or other percussion instruments when working with a chisel is highly undesirable.
What is a chisel?
A chisel is a cutting tool designed for processing wood, both soft and hard. With its help, grooves of various configurations and depths can be formed, through holes can be hollowed out, and quarters can be removed. Cutting can be done both along and across the fibers.
Design Features
The tool consists of a working part made of high-quality tool steel and a handle. Most often, the handle is made of hardwood. Because the rear of the handle is subject to intense impact loads, there is a metal tension ring at the end to prevent cracking.
According to the shape of the working part, the bit can be:
- flat
_
The product is characterized by a rectangular profile and a high margin of safety, necessary when working with hard wood and significant impact loads; - wide
_
Most often used to perform various construction works: dismantling parquet, removing old paint and varnish coatings, etc.; - beveled
_
The bevel of the cutting edge can be directed in any direction. The bevel angle ranges from 45 to 700. The product is designed for processing hard-to-reach places where it is impossible to use a straight or angular tool; - semicircular
.
Typically used to sample material within a deck; - L-shaped
.
The main purpose of such a chisel is to make rectangular grooves, which is necessary when installing furniture and carpentry fittings.
In addition, it is possible to manufacture special tools according to customer drawings. Regardless of the profile, the sharpening angle of the cutting edge of the chisel ranges from 25 to 300.
Features of use
During the work process, the back of the handle is struck with a mallet (wooden hammer). This allows the tool to reach the required cutting depth and ensures that it moves in the desired direction.
The impact force is selected depending on the type of wood and the arrangement of the fibers. If cutting is done across the grain, the impact must be stronger than when cutting along the grain.
Before starting work, the workpiece must be securely secured. This will avoid vibrations and disruption of markings. In addition, serious injury may result from handling a loose workpiece.
