The ratio of oil and gasoline in a 2t engine: table, mixing rules

April 4, 2019
Miscellaneous
Lyudmila Storozhenko

There are certain parameters for mixing gasoline with an oil composition. This is the main type of fuel for two-stroke engines. The resulting fuel ensures the engine operates for a long time, and thereby maintains its productivity. How to mix the necessary ingredients in a ratio of 1 to 50, this is how much oil, will be discussed further.

Features and principle of operation of the 2t engine

Any owner of a motorcycle should have an understanding of the design of the engine and the principle of its operation. The two-stroke power unit is used not only in motorcycles, but also in other technical devices - gas mowers, trimmers and others. Despite the fact that many models of modern equipment are equipped with four-stroke engines, the two-stroke engine is still widely used. It is easy to operate, convenient to maintain and repair, and is also quite reliable.

The operating cycle of such an engine is carried out in a couple of compression and power strokes as a result of the energy from the ignition of the fuel. Both cycles are carried out during one revolution of the crankshaft. A two-stroke engine does not have the fuel mixture intake phase and the exhaust cycle, characteristic of four-stroke engines. The process of fuel intake and exhaust gas exhaust occurs during the compression and expansion phases.

Thanks to this design feature, the torque and power developed by the engine are increased at the same cubic capacity as a 4-stroke engine. And although the efficiency of a two-stroke power plant is lower compared to a four-stroke one, due to the two-stroke operation of the piston, the engine elements perform fewer movements. Provided that the mating parts of the motor are properly lubricated, it has a fairly long service life and is less susceptible to internal wear.

For a two-stroke to function, it is necessary to turn on the ignition, ensure the fuel supply and crank the engine crankshaft with a starter or kickstarter.

The two-stroke power unit is used not only in motor vehicles.

Further operation of the two-stroke engine is carried out according to the following algorithm:

The piston begins to move towards the spark plug from bottom dead center. At this time, the fuel mixture enters the working chamber of the cylinder. The exhaust window, designed to allow exhaust gases to escape, opens and the working mixture is compressed;
in the initial phase of the compression cycle, a pressure difference occurs in the chamber of the crank mechanism, facilitating the entry of a new portion of gasoline. In the upper phase of the piston movement, the working mixture is ignited by a spark from a spark plug;
The energy resulting from the combustion of gasoline forces the piston to move to the lowest point. Thanks to the open channel of the exhaust window, exhaust gases exit through the elbow connected to the muffler;
subsequent movement of the piston causes the purge channel to open and gasoline to flow into the working area of the cylinder. The phase of displacement of the piston to the lowest point completes the working cycle of the motor and the cycle repeats.

In the process of supplying gasoline mixed with oil, the components of the power unit are lubricated. This distinguishes the lubrication system of a two-stroke engine from the lubrication system of a four-stroke engine, which has a gear pump to supply oil to the area of the mating parts of the engine.

Oil mixed with gasoline provides lubrication in the crank mechanism

Formation of tarry deposits in the carburetor area.

At the slightest manifestation of one of the signs, it is necessary to make changes to the mixing process, choosing more suitable proportions. This way you can select the ideal fuel mixture and avoid serious problems with the engine.

To independently prepare the correct fuel mixture, which will ensure ideal engine performance, you must use the appropriate fuel, strictly adhere to the proportions specified by the manufacturer, use a suitable container and store the finished mixture for no longer than 30 days. By following these rules, you will prepare the ideal mixture for your car's engine.

Why should you mix gasoline and oil?

Not everyone knows how to dilute gasoline for a two-stroke Chinese scooter, and why there is a need to mix gasoline and oil in strictly defined proportions. The fact is that the design features and operating principle of a two-stroke engine do not allow the use of pure gasoline for its operation. Thanks to the oil introduced into the fuel mixture, lubrication is provided and friction in the crank mechanism is reduced.

Mixing oil with gasoline when preparing the fuel mixture is a prerequisite for the normal operation of two-stroke engines.

Diluting gasoline with oil allows you to:

increase the service life of the power plant;
ensure effective lubrication of rubbing parts;
avoid jamming of engine parts due to overheating;
prevent possible damage during engine operation.

In addition, the use of gasoline mixed with oil in the required percentage allows you to avoid the occurrence of scuffing, which is the reason for repairs. A lack of oil can cause overheating of the elements of the cylinder-piston group and failure of the two-stroke engine.

An increased oil concentration will cause increased wear on the engine due to the formation of a thick layer of carbon deposits. That is why it is important to determine the proportion using the table, which indicates the required amount of oil for different volumes of gasoline.

The reason for the formation of carbon deposits in the working chamber is the use of low-quality oil.

Is it worth using AI-95?

Those who are just getting acquainted with a chainsaw and are trying to carry out some household work, instead of AI-92 fuel, fill it with AI-95, believing that it is of better quality. Gasoline with an octane number of 95 is obtained from AI-92 by adding various additives. Special additives have a negative effect on two-stroke engines due to their design features. They accumulate on the inner walls of the instrument and eventually peel off, disrupting its operation. Therefore, experts advise buying only AI-92 to prepare the mixture for chainsaws.

What oil to dilute gasoline for a motorcycle

Two-stroke engines do not provide for separate filling of lubricant into the engine crankcase.

Strict requirements are imposed on the oil that burns together with the fuel:

the lubricating fluid must provide effective lubrication of all parts;
The oil should burn easily and not form carbon deposits after burning.

The use of low-quality oil for two-stroke engines causes the formation of carbon deposits in the working chamber and a decrease in power.

When deciding on the type of oil, you should follow the recommendations of the equipment manufacturer specified in the operating manual. Preference should be given to branded oils produced by well-known manufacturers. The preferred oil class is API-TB. It is also possible to use oil marked API-TC.

The type of lubricant is selected depending on climatic conditions:

in the warm season, gasoline can be diluted with mineral oil;
in the winter months you should give preference to synthetic oils;
For all-season use, branded semi-synthetics are suitable.

When deciding on the type of oil, you should follow the recommendations of the equipment manufacturer.
To obtain detailed information about the temperature threshold for use, you should read the information on the oil packaging. Knowing the ratio of fuel and oil required for stable engine operation, as well as the volume of the gas tank, you can easily calculate how much oil is required for a certain period, taking into account the frequency of trips or use of gas-powered tools.

When buying oil for preparing the fuel mixture, you should pay attention to its purpose. This information is indicated on the packaging. Do not use tractor oil or boat lubricant to mix with gasoline to fuel a scooter or motorcycle. Please note that on the branded label of oil for two-stroke engines it must be designated 2T.

API classification

Currently practically not used. API divides 2-stroke oils into 4 categories according to engine power, ranging from low-power lawn mowers to high-power motorcycles. In the future, it is planned to replace the API groups with the Japanese JASO and global ISO classifications. There are still a number of oils on the market with API classification, as this system was widespread in the past.

Table oil gasoline - choose the correct proportion

Beginning motorcycle owners do not always have an idea how much oil to add to gasoline. Depending on the manufacturer's recommendations specified in the instructions, the volume of added lubricant may vary. The most common ratios are 1:50 and also 1:40. Minor deviations from the specified proportions will not affect the operation of the two-stroke engine.

During the break-in period, when intensive grinding of the mating parts of the engine occurs, the amount of oil increases slightly. When the break-in is completed, switch to a different fuel mixture ratio, which involves introducing a smaller amount of oil.

It's not difficult to figure out the proportions. For example, a ratio of 1:50 means that a liter of lubricant should be added to 50 liters of gasoline. Using measuring containers will greatly facilitate the process of preparing the mixture. Depending on the volume of the available container, the amount of added oil changes.

You can quickly prepare the mixture by deciding on the proportions

In particular, for a proportion of 1:50, the table will help determine the volume of oil introduced:

to dilute 5 liters of gasoline you will need 100 ml of lubricant;
You will need to pour 200 ml of oil into a ten-liter container;
400 ml of lubricant should be added to a 20-liter canister.

Having decided on the proportions, you can quickly prepare the mixture. However, you should not use the gas tank for this, alternately filling in gasoline and oil. Mixing must be done in a separate container.

Signs of misuse

Using a dirty or disproportionate mixture can cause serious engine problems. If you make a mistake when mixing, it’s okay, because the car itself will tell you about it. You just need to be attentive to some signs, including:

The appearance of dirt and various deposits on the carburetor.
Rapid contamination of the fuel filter located in the gas tank.
Oxidation of the carburetor walls and loss of elasticity of the rubber diaphragm in various parts of the gas tank. This symptom appears only when the unsuitable mixture is stored for a long time directly in the gas tank of the car.

How much oil to pour into gasoline - rules for preparing the mixture

Having figured out how much oil to pour into gasoline, you can start preparing the fuel mixture. To do this, you will need a clean metal or plastic canister. First, the required amount of gasoline is poured, and then lubricating fluid is added in the required volume. After completing the dilution, tilt the canister a couple of times.

As a result of repeated shaking, the liquids are mixed, and the prepared fuel acquires a uniform color. Depending on the color of the oil added, the finished liquid may be greenish, bluish or reddish.

When performing work, safety precautions and fire regulations must be observed. Mixing work must be carried out in a ventilated area, or even better, in outdoor conditions. Smoking is not allowed when working with flammable liquids. Mixing must be done with gloves to protect the skin from contact with aggressive liquids.

The fuel container is filled with the prepared mixture and the gas tank cap is tightly closed. Gasoline mixed with oil can be stored in tightly closed cans. Gasoline mixed with oil retains its properties for a month.

That is why mixing should be done immediately before pouring, taking into account the frequency of use of the scooter or motorcycle.

Instructions for refueling a chainsaw

Knowing the ratios for preparing the gasoline-oil mixture, you can start refueling it. Refilling instructions are as follows:

First you need to prepare the mixture. Having combined the two main components, mix them thoroughly
Place the tool on a clean and level surface. Before unscrewing the gas tank cap, you need to clean or blow out sawdust, dust and dirt.
The tank neck should point up
Place a small watering can in the neck and then fill in the fuel.
Control the refueling process, as the tank volume is small, so it fills up quickly
Do not fill to the full maximum, as when closing the tank cap, remaining fuel will splash out.
After the fuel is poured into the tank, you must immediately add chain lubricant.
The consumption of fuel and chain lubrication is approximately the same, so both tanks must be refilled at the same time
After refueling, you can start starting the engine.

It is better to start the engine not at the place where refueling was carried out, but to move to a distance of 2-3 m. The tool is ready for use, and you can start starting it. You can read how to start a chainsaw engine in this material (link).

How to prepare a fuel mixture for a trimmer

But such results are real if you know exactly how much oil to add to gasoline for a garden trimmer. The fact is that two-stroke engines run on a mixture of gasoline and oil. The fuel enters the cylinder, burns there, creating a working force on the piston, and that part of the oil that does not have time to ignite lubricates the moving parts of the piston group. When preparing a mixture for a trimmer, a strictly defined amount of oil must be added to a liter of gasoline. If there is too little lubricant, the friction force will become too great and the engine will jam, and if there is too much oil, the oil will flood the spark plug and the engine will stall. Also, if there is excess oil, the engine power will decrease, it will not develop the required speed and smoke heavily.

When compiling a fuel mixture, it is necessary to calculate how much oil is needed per liter of gasoline, based not only on the standard proportion, but also on what brand of gasoline and oil is used

In the case of two-stroke engines, this is very important.

The prepared mixture of gasoline and oil can be stored for no more than 3 months (pure gasoline can be stored less). Dilute the fuel in an amount that is enough for several uses of the trimmer. In general, prepare:

gasoline and oil, which is suitable for two-stroke engines with an air cooling system;
metal canister and mixing container;
respirator;
gloves.

Dilution instructions:

Pour 1 liter of gasoline into a container of suitable volume and add 1/2 of the required amount of oil. Stir carefully, being at a good distance from sources of open flame. Add the remaining half of the oil to the fuel and mix everything again.

General recommendations for refueling a trimmer with a two- or four-stroke engine:

Place the fuel tank so that the cap is on top, then fill in the required amount of fuel.
Do not overfill the fuel tank. This will lead to one of the problems: overflow into the intake pipe and fuel filter, ignition of the fuel or engine breakdown.
Try to pour the mixture so that it does not spill. To do this, you can use a watering can.
If you do spill fuel, wipe it up immediately. Dispose of cleaning material; do not accumulate it indoors - it is a fire hazard.
Start-up of the device should begin after the fuel canister has been removed to a distance of more than 10 m.
If there was a long break between uses of the mower, be sure to drain the remaining old fuel.

Main brands of motor oils for chainsaws

The leading companies producing chainsaw lubricants are Stihl and Husgvarna. The following oils are used for saws:

Stihl HP is a mineral lubricant for tools of the same brand. It is red in color and comes in different packaging, even for one-time use, which is very convenient.
HP Ultra - made on a synthetic base, has improved qualities, and is used at low temperatures.
Vitals Semisynthetic - designed for budget models, used year-round.
Husgvarna HP is semi-synthetic, equipped with additives that compensate for the low quality of gasoline. Suitable for use in equipment of other brands.
Champion Jaso FD - provides reliable protection of all engine parts.

There is a large selection of products on the market for two-stroke engines from different manufacturers. How to dilute chainsaw oil is indicated on the packaging. It is better to buy products from well-known companies, this will help keep the tool in working condition longer.

What happens if you don't follow the manufacturer's recommendations?

If the rules for preparing fuel and lubricant mixtures are violated and the proportions are not observed when adding oil to gasoline with the Shtil 180 chainsaw, the following problems arise:

With increasing friction, the wear of the working surfaces of parts will increase.
Due to insufficient lubricant, the bearings will begin to fail.
The full functioning of mechanical components is disrupted due to premature wear of parts, and their service life is significantly reduced.
When using low-grade gasoline and oils, the performance of the unit decreases with subsequent breakdown of important components and parts.

The fuel is prepared before refueling the saw, avoiding unnecessary contact with oxygen. After finishing the work, the remaining mixture must be drained.

What do you need to know?

Choosing the right ratio for fuel mass is not a simple task. It is necessary to calculate the mixing proportions in accordance with the established norm. Sometimes drivers add ingredients at their own discretion. At the same time, disciplined vehicle owners who are concerned about the engine know that the recommended ratio is 1 to 50. How much oil is this? You will find the answer to this question below.

To mix ingredients you need to follow simple rules. To dilute gasoline with oil 1 to 50, it is recommended to use A-92 fuel. A-80 is often used, explaining this effect by the presence of a large number of additives in its composition. This is fundamentally wrong.

Oil from almost any production is suitable for mixing with fuel. The main thing is that it belongs to the auto group, and is not intended for tractors or motor boats. This oil should not be used. Otherwise, it will clearly shorten the life of the engine.

This is interesting: How much oil is needed for a two-stroke engine

Tools

The Patriot RT 3355 petrol trimmer is designed for trimming and mowing low-growing grass on lawns, streets, around trees, along roadsides, on lawns and garden plots. The unit is successfully used on both flat and embossed, uneven areas. The manufacturer has improved the model taking into account convenient transportation and easy use: the rod is detachable, quickly assembled and disassembled. The wide shoulder strap with adjustable length adds comfort to use. Quick start is simplified due to the primer.

Description of the Patriot RT 3355 model
Preparing and pouring the fuel mixture into the Patriot RT 3355 trimmer
Stages of launching a gasoline trimmer Patriot RT 3355

Description of the Patriot RT 3355 model

A universal unit: the use of a fishing line allows you to carry out work on cutting lawns and flower beds; changing to a cutting knife allows you to cut dead wood, weeds with a hard or elastic stem, and trim shrubs.
Comfortable management and operation. The use of innovative vibration protection in the design, selection of the optimal balance of the tool.
Ergonomic technology handle and shoulder strap.
The primer makes starting easier and takes the load off the starter.
Maintenance is accessible and convenient. If necessary, quick repairs and troubleshooting of problems in the ignition and filtration compartment are carried out.
Engine power 1.8 hp allows you to productively perform continuous work for 4-4.5 hours.
Engine capacity 033 l.
Sharp knife with a diameter of 230 mm. Knife rotation speed 8000 rpm.
Strong, reliable fishing line with a diameter of 2.4 mm.

Working width 460 mm.
Bicycle style handle.
Net 6.6 kg.
Gross 8.6 kg.
Overall dimensions 95 x 36 x 23 cm.

Preparing and pouring the fuel mixture into the Patriot RT 3355 trimmer

The mixture for a two-stroke engine is prepared only from original Patriot oils and high-octane gasoline AI 92.
For preparation, use a special canister included with the trimmer. The markings are adapted for gasoline and oil of the specific model 3355.
Gasoline is poured to the mark for gasoline fluid.
The appropriate brand of Patriot oil for a two-stroke engine is poured into it.

With several shakes, the mixture is brought into a homogeneous state.
The mixture is prepared in a regular gasoline canister at a gasoline/oil ratio of 32:1.
Preparing the fuel mixture directly in the trimmer tank is not recommended.
It is recommended to prepare a portion of the mixture for one, maximum two dressings.
The mixture should be poured with the engine turned off, away from sources of open flame.

Stages of launching a gasoline trimmer Patriot RT 3355

The freshly prepared mixture is poured into the tank.
The choke lever is moved up to the “cold” position.
The ignition on the control knob is set to the “on” position.
Press the primer button 5-7 times to fill the carburetor with the mixture.
The trimmer is placed on a stable surface at a safe distance from objects and people. Avoid contact of the trimmer head or cutting blade with the ground.
The gas trigger on the control handle is pressed and locked in this position.
Hold the trimmer with one hand and pull the starter handle with the other hand until it engages. At this moment the handle jerks sharply until the engine starts.

Set the choke lever to the middle position.
The starter handle must be pulled several times before the engine starts.
Warm up the engine for 5-10 seconds. Move the choke lever down. Press the gas trigger to unlock.
Smoothly pressing the gas trigger, bring the engine to maximum speed. They start working.
Mowing is carried out by holding the trimmer firmly by the ergonomic handles.
For a warm engine, perform the above operations without pressing the primer. In this case, the air damper is placed in the lower position.