Petrol chainsaws "Stihl" / Chainsaws "Stihl"

A universal tool that can easily and quickly trim fruit trees, prepare firewood, cut wooden blanks in accordance with the drawing, or help cut wooden beams during the construction of a house is a chainsaw. Among the variety of gasoline assistants that are found in the assortment of the technical market, units of the Stihl brand, known to the world for the tenth decade, deserve special attention. In 1926, its founder A. Stihl opened a small manufactory in Stuttgart, from which the production of chain saws began.

Currently, the Shtil brand is known in more than 160 countries around the world. The main area of work to this day remains motorized saws, which have no equal in quality and performance parameters. These products, despite the fact that their country of origin is Germany, have become native to many: they can easily adapt to any household and industrial tasks, regardless of whether they are used in taiga logging sites or for caring for forest belts in the middle zone.

Before moving on to considering the model line of Stihl gasoline saws, let’s dwell on the nuances of their structure, use and maintenance.

Chainsaw device "Calm"

The main working elements of Stihl gasoline saws are:

internal combustion engine;
starter;
cooler (flywheel);
incendiary part;
clutch;
brake block;
carburetor;
aerofilter;
gas tank;
muffler;
saw chain tension adjustment mechanism;
saw control module;
handle for operator holding.

The operating principle of Shtil sawing devices is quite simple. The starter is designed to force the engine to start. Its thrust is supplied to the piston through the flywheel and crankshaft. At the same time, oil and fuel from the gas tank enter the carburetor, where it is mixed with air and supplied to the piston action area. When the latter is at top dead center - a position above which it does not rise, an electric spark from the spark plug ignites the fuel-air mixture. After this, the piston goes down and completes the full working cycle.

A centrifugal clutch is installed on the motor shaft: it allows the engine speed to be transmitted through the drive sprocket directly to the rotating bar and chain - the saw set.

Comparison of saws with competitors: advantages and disadvantages

The main competitors of Shtil 180 are saws from the Swedish concern Husqvarna.
The quality of Shtil and Husqvarna products is considered the same, but depending on personal preferences, many users tend to praise the model they use. Based on the design features, we can highlight one purely technical point that slightly elevates the Shtil 180 above its competitors - two compression rings are installed on the engine piston, this gives:

stable location of the piston in the cylinder;
increased compression;
enhanced cooling (as you know, rings transfer thermal energy from the piston to the cylinder and, accordingly, the larger the contact area, the more energy will be spent on the cylinder and the piston will be better cooled).

All these points make the Stihl 180 chainsaw a little more reliable than its competitors, but this is the personal opinion of the author of the article, based on experience in the repair and operation of Stihl and Husqvarna chainsaws, and is not of an official nature. Read about the nuances and features of replacing the piston on the Shtil 180 saw.

Stihl chainsaws: refueling correctly

Refueling 2-stroke engines, which are equipped with all Shtil cutting units without exception, is not an easy task. In addition to gasoline, which, according to the manufacturer's recommendations, must have an octane number of at least 90, they require engine oil to function properly. Its main function is to lubricate rubbing components and prevent their premature wear. There are fewer ambiguities in the question of what kind of gasoline to pour into the Shtil chainsaw: any of the fuel options at our gas stations - AI-92 or AI-95 - will work perfectly. It's more difficult with oil. For trouble-free operation of the chainsaw, it must:

be branded - any motor oil for 2-stroke engines produced;
added in a certain proportion.

According to the official recommendations of the manufacturer, the proportion of oil and gasoline for Shtil chainsaws is 1:50. This means that for every measuring part of oil there should be exactly 50 parts of gasoline. In other words, before diluting gasoline for the Shtil chainsaw, you need to prepare 20 ml of oil for 1 liter of fuel, and 1 liter of lubricant for 5 liters.

User manual

The passport of the petrol saw “Shtil” MS-180 is the instruction manual, which contains complete information about the tool itself. Before starting operation, you must carefully study the manual to avoid annoying malfunctions.

We suggest you read the instructions for the chainsaw.

Device

Chainsaw “Shtil” MS-180 consists of: gasoline engine, carburetor, casing, starter, flywheel, clutch, decompression valve, oil, fuel pump and tank, spark plug, saw chain, tire, sprocket, brake, air filter, shift lever , dust collector, muffler, clamps, tension wheel, gear stop, adjustment screw, handle.

Preparing a Stihl chainsaw for work

The preparation of the saw should be approached with all responsibility, since its service life in the future, as well as the safety of the operator, depends on this. Let's consider the correct algorithm of actions when preparing a chainsaw for operation:

The Stihl chainsaw is assembled (according to the descriptions and diagrams in the manual);
the splint is put on and secured;
the chain is tensioned;
the fuel mixture is prepared correctly: gasoline is diluted with oil in a ratio of 50/1 (the amount of AI-92 gasoline is 5 liters, special Stihl oil for two-stroke engines is 100 ml);
the fuel mixture is poured into the tank;
Chain lubrication oil is poured into the tank;
the reliability of fastener tension is checked;
the saw is started according to the instructions;
the carburetor is adjusted at idle speed with the appropriate screw (the chain should not move);
The supply of lubrication to the chain is checked.

We invite you to watch a video about how to assemble the Shtil chainsaw:

Our video will tell you how to start the Shtil 180 chainsaw:

Break-in period for the Shtil chainsaw

In the usual sense, there is no break-in for the Stihl 180 saw. It is initially ready to work. However, the equipment owner needs to know and understand the following:

For the first 4 to 8 full fuel tanks, the operation of the gasoline saw should be carried out in a gentle mode, not at the full power of the power plant, with frequent breaks to cool the tool. The first 60 minutes of operation of the Calm chainsaw consists of intervals of work and rest: 2 min. work, 10 seconds - idle, break

Idling for more than 10 seconds damages the spark plugs, leaving carbon deposits on them. It is very important to properly prepare the fuel mixture from high-quality materials (1/50, AI-92 gasoline and higher, Stihl oil for 2-stroke engines).

Maintenance

Before use, check:

chain condition, sharpening;
chain tension;
tightening fasteners;
filling fuel and oil tanks;
presence of chain lubrication;
idle speed, etc.

After sawing work the following is carried out:

cleaning the chainsaw;
the chain tension is weakened (required);
chain sharpening (if necessary);
condition of the tire, its wear;
filter maintenance (as needed).

New owners are often lost and looking for materials on how to properly disassemble (assemble) the Shtil 180 chainsaw. We suggest watching a video that shows how to disassemble and reassemble the Shtil 180 chainsaw:

Malfunctions and repairs

Malfunctions of the Stihl 180 chainsaw and their elimination are another problem that worries tool owners.

Why does the Shtil 180 chainsaw not start:

no fuel mixture;
no contact on the spark plug;
break of a high-voltage wire;
the fuel pump does not pump;
fuel lines are clogged;
problems with candles;
ignition is not adjusted;
pours a candle.

Why does the Shtil 180 chainsaw not develop the required number of revolutions:

carbon deposits on the spark plug;
the spark plug is worn out and needs to be replaced (after 100 hours of operation);
The carburetor requires cleaning.

Chainsaw “Shtil” 180 stalls at idle:

carburetor not adjusted;
The fuel or air filter is clogged.

We invite you to watch a video on how to adjust the carburetor of the Shtil MC 180 chainsaw with your own hands:

Some tool owners use a Stihl MC 180 chainsaw together with a grinder attachment, this allows them to build a home sawmill and perform longitudinal cuts.

The video shows the grinder attachment for the Shtil MS-180 chainsaw:

But even without this attachment, some craftsmen have found a way to perform longitudinal cuts with a regular bar and saw chain. We invite you to watch a video about a homemade sawmill using scrap materials:

How to start using Shtil petrol saws?

After making sure that the tool is in good working order and filled with fuel, you can start turning it on. The operator's action will be as follows:

engage the chain brake - remove the guard and turn its handle in the opposite direction from the user to prevent premature rotation of the cutting part;
activate the decompression valve so that the engine starts faster;
prime the fuel pump and set the lever to the cold start position;
Remove the Stihl chainsaw from its case or bag and place it on a horizontal surface. Holding it by the handle with your left hand, try to pull the starter cable with your right. Continue until the motor “sneezes”;
after turning off the engine, move the lever to the middle working position and start the starter again;
close the throttle and add gas;
release the brake lever and start working. If the saw is new, it is run-in, which will be discussed further.

Running in "Calm" chainsaws

All modern chainsaws require proper running-in. Stihl chainsaws are no exception. This is necessary to increase the motor life of the motor part, the components of which must get used to each other, or, as experts say, run in. We must not forget that:

the running-in of rubbing parts ends after using 10-15 refills of the fuel tank;
When running in chainsaws of this brand, the engine should not be loaded with work - you need to start at low speeds, which can be changed to medium speeds after the 2-3rd gas tank has been used.

Breakdowns of Stihl chainsaws: causes and solutions

Like other technical equipment, motorized chainsaws from this German manufacturer tend to break. It is important, given the current prices for spare parts, that this will happen much less often with this brand than with others.

Malfunctions that may arise during sawing with Shtil power hacksaws can be divided into several groups:

problems with the motor system;
problems with fuel supply;
ignition system defects;
when the chain is not lubricated or, on the contrary, chain oil leaks.

In addition, the cutting set may break or be installed incorrectly, which will provoke another type of breakdown of the gasoline saw. Let's consider all the options separately.

Engine malfunctions of Stihl gasoline saws

They manifest themselves as follows:

the saw does not start;
the engine turns off at idle;
the power tool stalls when you press the gas;
The petrol engine runs erratically.

The reason that it does not may be:

a flooded spark plug - as a result, there is no spark on the Shtil chainsaw to ignite;
failure of the spark plug or air filter itself;
lack of chain oil;
carburetor malfunction.

To determine the source of the problem, you must: remove and inspect the spark plug: if it:

dry – ignition is working properly;
wet – fuel is supplied in excess. This problem is usually eliminated by cleaning the carburetor and spark plugs;
a candle with a black coating indicates the use of low-quality oil or carburetor adjustment that was performed unprofessionally.

The percentage ratio of oil and gasoline specified in the operating instructions must be strictly observed. Special attention should be paid to the quality of the latter, on which domestic consumers like to save. If a black spark plug is found, it is cleaned of carbon deposits and tested for sparking. In addition, the described malfunctions may cause the chainsaw to start poorly when cold.

Advantages and disadvantages of STIL MS 180

Based on the above characteristics of the Stihl brand chainsaw model MC 180, we can highlight its advantages and disadvantages. Among the advantages it is worth highlighting:

Although there are significantly fewer shortcomings, they still exist. A very simple air filter, which is a plate made of ordinary felt. It often has to be replaced. Expensive original spare parts and consumables. Major repairs may require a significant amount of money. But this disadvantage is offset by the fact that the Shtil chainsaw rarely fails.

Main faults of Shtil 180 MC. Eliminating them

Let's talk only about the most common of this tool.• Fills the candle. In this case, problems most likely arose in the fuel system. A wet spark plug indicates that the mixture of oil and gasoline is not in the required proportion. By inspecting the spark plug insulator, you can also find out the quality of the mixture. Its over-enrichment or depletion, that is, an incorrect ratio of gasoline and oil, is indicated, respectively, by soot or pure white color. To eliminate this malfunction, it is necessary to remove the cap from the gas tank and then adjust the fuel supply. The fact that the oil content in the mixture with gasoline is normal confirms the appearance of a brown coating on the insulator.• The chain is not lubricated. And this is caused by interruptions in the lubrication system. To check the supply of oil to the lubricator, you need to: • remove the bar and start the saw; • increase speed; • monitor the end point of the oil line. If the oil continues to flow, this means that its volume is simply not enough for proper lubrication. If there is no supply, you must first clean the filter. If this procedure does not help, the chainsaw will require further diagnostics and subsequent repairs.• The Calm saw does not start. The reason may lie in a breakdown of the ignition and engine starting unit. If there are no deviations in the gap between such structural components as the flywheel and module, you also need to check the gap, but this time the spark plugs. When gasoline enters the combustion chamber and if faults in the ignition system are not detected, then the carburetor has failed. It happens that the saw starts, but idle speed is not maintained. In this case, you need to check: • the performance of the spark plug, as well as the carburetor: • the quality of gasoline for the Shtil chainsaw model MS 180.

Features of adjusting the carburetor of the Shtil chainsaw

If a Stihl chainsaw starts and stalls, the cause of the malfunction is incorrect carburetor settings that prevent it from operating idle.

Idle speed adjustment is carried out as follows:

turn off the motor of the power tool;
turn jets L to the extreme position, then H;
start the engine;
squeeze out the gas and adjust screw H until the speed reaches the maximum level - for this they use a special device (tachometer), the readings of which are checked with the data sheet for a specific chainsaw model;
The LA jet rotates a quarter turn counterclockwise at the moment the chain begins to rotate.

Problems with lubrication and cutting part

A serviceable, lubricated and properly sharpened chain is an important aspect of the successful use of gasoline chain saws from this brand. Failure of the supply pump for lubrication of the chain, clogging of the supply pipes are the most common causes of chain jamming during operation. Chains often break, creating not only a lot of inconvenience, but also danger for the operator. There may be several reasons why the chain breaks:

there is no lubricant or it is not supplied;
sprocket wear;
contact with a foreign object;
its low quality;
incorrectly selected or sharpened cutting blade.

The sharpening angle of a chainsaw chain is an important technological indicator on which the cutting capabilities of all gas-powered tools depend. It is achieved manually (with a file) or with special devices - chain sharpening machines. produces 2 categories of similar devices that will smoothly and automatically sharpen saw teeth in compliance with the desired inclination.

Tires and chains for chainsaws. Dimensions and designation system.

It happens that users of chainsaws have confusion with understanding the designation of tire sizes and chains. This confusion leads to purchases of accessories that are not suitable for the saw, unnaturally, and wasted money. Chain for chainsaw husqvarna 137, 142, etc. For tire 15. Here we will try to point out typical mistakes and will not help you avoid making them.

The majority of errors are due to the fact that traditionally the parameters of a saw set are indicated in inches. For those people accustomed to using the metric system, this is not convenient. The reason for the lack of oil supply to the chain when the chainsaw is operating can be several factors, and to identify them, it is necessary to disassemble the chainsaw. The reason for most errors does not lie in this question: in our country, for ease of memorization, the situation is such that in the characteristics of a saw set, parameters are used that are expressed neither in inches nor in millimeters at the same time, which is generally not correct.

Homemade chainsaw "Calm"

Stihl chainsaws are highly powerful and reliable units. Stihl chainsaw attachments turn them into useful homemade products that you can make with your own hands. The most famous of them are:

sawmill - consists of a welded frame, guides and saw. Sawing is done in a horizontal direction;
ice auger - a device with a worm and V-belt drive. The motor drill is equipped with a gearbox with a gear ratio in the range of 1:25-1:50. Useful in construction work and winter fishing;
wood splitter – eliminates the need for the operator to hold the saw suspended: this function is performed by a vertical guide towards which the firewood is supplied;
grinder – used for working on stone, metal and foam concrete. A pulley is equipped on the drive sprocket shaft. It communicates with a belt drive with a sawing disk selected in accordance with the performance characteristics of the chainsaw itself;

The bark beetle attachment is another popular attachment that helps make grooves in wood or logs. This milling head can only be installed on models with a 6-point sprocket.

Analogs

Worthy competition for this model comes from domestic class household chainsaws of the same type in terms of power and application from leading European and Asian manufacturers. The Russian market offers models identical in basic parameters - Husqvarna 236 X-TORQ, Oleo-Mac GS 35C-14, Hyundai X 380 and MTD GCS 3800/35.

Sources

https://benzopilok.ru/brend/stihl/ms-180-ustroistvo-i-harakteristiki-benzopily.html
https://cooptech.ru/drugoe/shtil-ms-180-harakteristiki.html
https://FermerInform.ru/benzopila-shtil-ms-180/
https://opilah.com/benzopila-stihl-ms-180-etalon-kachestva-i-nadezhnosti-poslednego-desyatiletiya/
https://SpecMahina.ru/benzopila/stihl-180.html
https://teplobloknn.ru/instrumenty/pila-shtil-180-foto.html

Stihl gasoline chainsaws: how not to make a mistake with your choice?

How to choose a “Calm” chainsaw? What to look for when buying a hacksaw? These and other questions are asked by everyone who discovers the benefits of gasoline technology for the first time. Experienced experts advise focusing on the following points:

country of origin - all professional and household models of Stihl chainsaws are manufactured in Germany. This is important because the market is full of fakes made in China. This is not critical, but Chinese chainsaws should cost several times less, wear out faster and need to be repaired more often;
power of the unit - the higher it is, the greater the productivity of the saw;
Availability of an instruction manual and warranty card;
completeness of the package - the box should contain everything that the manufacturer specified for this model;
absence of external defects – scratches, peeling paint;
reliability of fastenings.

A gasoline tool should start easily and work without jerking.

Who to give preference: China or Germany

Despite the fact that the build quality of the cutting tool is almost identical, there are still differences between the saws. The key feature of the Chinese chainsaw is the not very good quality of the materials used in the production process. This is especially noticeable if you compare, for example, air filter housings: Chinese ones are made of cheap plastic and this is noticeable to the naked eye.

It is also worth noting that some chainsaws made in China have the following disadvantages:

the starter spring quickly loses its elasticity, which has a bad effect on retracting the starting cord;
The saw bar does not perform its functions very well.

At the same time, Chinese Calm has a number of advantages:

the price of the tool is lower, and the warranty period is the same.
some models are no longer produced in Germany, for example, Stihl 660, but the Chinese factory continues to produce this widely popular tool and its components.

If you use the saw strictly for its intended purpose, in other words, do not try to cut down wood with a garden chainsaw and maintain it on time, then it is difficult to notice the difference between production in China or Germany.

Model range of chainsaws "Calm"

The variety of Stihl chainsaws is unusually large. All models differ in their power capabilities, fuel consumption and structural weight. Let's look at the most popular of them.

MS 150 TC E

A very light and maneuverable tool that weighs only 2300 g. Suitable for beginners for simple household and garden tasks.

Options:

Power – 1000 W;
Tire – 300 mm;
Tank – 200 ml.

MS 170-14

MC 170 has good equipment, average power and convenient functionality - automatic chain tensioning, kick protection. Useful in construction and on a summer cottage.

Technical capabilities:

Effort – 1.8 hp;
Tire – 35 cm;
Weight – 3.9 kg.

Chainsaw "Stihl" ST 18

Ideal for home use. Suitable for farmers, gardeners or summer residents.

Technical features:

Power – 1.5 kW;
Gas tank – 0.25 l;
The length of the chain cloth is 35 cm;
Weight – 3.9 kg.

Stihl MS 210

Convenient saw with higher power. It is light weight and easy to handle. There is a chain brake and a vibration damping system.

Operating parameters:

Motor – 1.6 kW;
Fuel tank - 0.47;
Chain – 350 mm;
Weight – 4.4 kg.

Chainsaws "Stihl" MS 181 and MS 192 T

Ergonomic options for those who know a lot about gasoline tools. Low fuel consumption, quick blade adjustment and not noticeable vibration - each of them can offer all this.

Advantages:

Thrust – 2 and 2.5 hp;
Fuel capacity – 0.28 and 0.35 l;
Guide length – 0.35 m;
Weight – 5.5 and 6.5 kg.

MS 231-16

Equipped with a 2 kW motor and a large tire. Has all the safety elements necessary for safe operation.

Operating parameters:

Tire size – 40 cm;
Chain step – 3/8;
Weight – 4.9 kg.

Chainsaws "Stihl" MS 261, MS 270 and MS 271

Perfect for those who want to save their energy and get the job done efficiently and quickly. This will be facilitated by the function of tool-free chain tension and emergency braking.

Operating parameters:

Power – 2.6-2.8 kW;
Knife size – 40 cm;
Weight – 5.6, 5.3 and 5.2 kg.

MS 280 and MS 290

Models of Stihl chainsaws that have almost the same characteristics. Versatile and suitable for long-term operation.

Advantages:

Force – 2.8 and 3 kW;
Filling with gasoline – 560 and 520 ml;
Weight – 5.9 and 5.3 kg.

Petrol chain saw "Stil" MS 310

It is a semi-professional cutting device with an additional brake, automatic lubrication of the cutting head and low noise and vibration levels.

Peculiarities:

Thrust – 1.6 kW;
Knife – 35 cm;
Fuel tank – 470 ml;
Weight – 4.4 kg.

MS 360

A high-power chainsaw that consumes up to 470 ml of fuel per hour of operation. Suitable for professional use.

Advantages:

Motor force – 3.4 kW;
Cutting set – 0.45 m;
Weight – 5.7 kg.

Petrol saws MS 341 and MS 362

Modifications of chainsaws of the “Pro” series. Purchased for logging, sawing thick logs and construction. The power of the MS 362 saw is slightly higher, which allows it to be used even more efficiently.

Performance characteristics:

Motor – 3.1 and 3.4 kW;
Blade pitch – 3/8 inch;
Weight – 5.5 and 5.9 kg.

MS 440 and MS 441

They have a similar design. Designed for professional use. The performance of the MC 440 is slightly lower, which is due to the lower engine power.

Device potential:

Power – 4 and 4.1 kW;
Tire – 50 and 40 cm;
Weight – 6200 and 6800 g.

MS 461

Petrol unit with low gasoline consumption, ergonomic handles, low noise and vibration effects. Generates up to 4.4 kW of energy and weighs only 6.7 kg.

MS 650

Leader in sales in the domestic market. Its power is 6.5 hp. enough for the most difficult work.

Characterized by:

Long tire – 50 cm;
The standard pitch of a chain set is 3/8;
Light weight – 7.8 kg.

Stihl MS 250: characteristics

Some call the saw a farm saw, others call it a home saw, but the characteristics of the model make it a universal “fighter” in various tasks. Due to the presence of various basic and protective systems, the chainsaw can be used even by beginners in this area.

The power of 2,300 W declared by the manufacturer provides the engine with a volume of 45 cubic meters. see and power of 3.1 horses. This is a good indicator, which makes the Stihl MS 250 quite a productive representative. With 55 links, the tire has a standard size of 35 cm, the declared thickness of the links was 1.3 mm.

Lightness is characterized by the presence of an average fuel tank of 0.47 liters and an oil tank of 0.2 liters. The total weight of the chainsaw is 4.6 kg. Shtil 250 has quite ideal characteristics in relation to the price.

Features of the Stihl MS 250

It was said above that the model has a number of useful systems and functions that simplify working with the tool. So, the main one is the anti-vibration system, the task of which is to protect the user and simplify his work during prolonged use. There are no vibrations and cutting down trees takes place without unnecessary discomfort.

A special device is installed on the side to help tension the chain without touching it with your hands. The design also involves only 1 lever, so with its help control is quick and convenient

Another important function is the carburetor heating system, which allows the chainsaw to work actively in cold weather.

Security systems include:

QuickStop brake – a proprietary German brake that allows you to quickly stop the chain;
Ematic automatic chain lubrication - increases the operating time and durability of the chainsaw, and reduces oil consumption.