A compact radial drilling machine, even with its small dimensions and simple design, allows you to solve many problems associated with the need to produce holes in metal parts. An important quality is the versatility of such equipment, which is used to equip both small repair shops and production workshops of large enterprises.
Radial drilling machine RD 60
Designation
According to the classification, ENIMS are designated as follows: the first number in the marking indicates the group “Drilling and boring machines”, the second - the type - “Radial drilling machines”, the third and fourth - the maximum drilling diameter. Letter – the machine was modernized. For example, 2B56 is a radial drilling machine with a maximum drilling diameter of 60 mm.
Modern imported models of machine tools do not have a designation standard - each manufacturer designates models according to its own standard. For example, Optimum classifies its radial machines into light (RB) and heavy (DR): RB6, RB8, DR5, DR6; Proma stands for heavy machine RV-32; Jet – JRD: JRD-460, JRD-720R, JRD-1100R.
The lack of a standard leads to confusion and complicates the selection of analogues.
2K52
The 2K52 radial drilling machine is a powerful unit that meets a high accuracy class, which was produced at Belarusian facilities in accordance with the projects of the Odessa bureau. Its maximum nominal drilling diameter for steel is 25 millimeters. In this case, the range of distances from the spindle to the guide column is 300-800 millimeters. Of course, in terms of performance, this model lags behind those described above, but for small and large-scale production, which requires drilling medium-sized holes, the 2K52 can be an indispensable assistant.
The dimensions of the working plate of this unit are 800x630 millimeters. The spindle speed reaches 1600 per minute. The design provides eight built-in spindle speeds, and the number of working feed stages is three.
Radial drilling machines 2K52 are equipped with a 1.5-kilowatt main drive motor. At the same time, the machine also has a built-in electric column clamping motor and a cooling system pump motor. The weight of the machine is 1250 kg, and its dimensions are 1760x915x1970 millimeters.
conclusions
Thus, we were able to get a general idea of what Soviet radial drilling technology is. Among its distinctive features, it is worth noting its incredible endurance, which is confirmed by the fact that some of these units still regularly serve craftsmen throughout the CIS. But, of course, in moral and technological terms, these models are infinitely outdated and lag behind their European counterparts.
And if you strive to maximize labor productivity, and not to save money, then you should pay attention to more modern developments of domestic and foreign companies.
Layout
The equipment has a unique layout: a column and a table are installed on a stove. A traverse is attached to the column, moving along the column in a vertical position, and it also has the ability to rotate relative to the column by 360 degrees. A drilling (spindle) head is installed on the traverse, moving relative to the traverse in the horizontal direction. It is designed as a separate unit. If it needs to be fixed in a certain position, then there is a clamping mechanism for this purpose.
On the market you can find desktop radial drilling machines that are similar in layout to vertical drilling machines. Their main difference from the classic layout is the ability to move the table in the vertical direction instead of moving the traverse.
Vertical drilling machine Enkor Corvette 48
Optimum RB6T
Features of using machines
The technical capabilities of a radial drilling machine make it possible to perform various metal processing operations with its help: drilling and reaming holes of various diameters, countersinking, thread cutting carried out using a tap.
Even a tabletop machine in this category can be equipped with various working tools that increase its functionality. Equipped with such tools, radial drilling machines make it possible to perform technological operations characteristic of boring group equipment.
Various models of machines in this category are distinguished by their dimensions and technical characteristics. The most common models of equipment for the radial drilling group are: 2M55, 2K52, 2A554, AS2532, 2N55, 2532L. The differences between each model of such equipment, designed to perform standard metal work, relate to their power, as well as the list of technological operations that they make it possible to carry out.
The versatility that distinguishes radial drilling machines makes it possible to successfully use them to carry out repair work of varying degrees of complexity. The functionality of equipment in this category is determined by its design, which may include various systems and elements.
Radial drilling machine 2A554
Types of machines
Depending on the operating conditions and the specifics of production, radial drilling machines are divided into several types:
- general purpose;
- general purpose with rotation of the drilling unit;
- on the guides of the bed;
- mounted on rails;
- portable (mobile);
- wall-mounted
General purpose radial drilling machine General purpose radial drilling machine with rotating drill assembly Radial drilling machine on bed guides Radial drilling machine mounted on rails Portable radial drilling machine Wall mounted radial drilling machine
General purpose machines are used in repair shops and metalworking industries. They are stationary - they are installed once on the foundation and are no longer transferred during operation. The workpiece is placed on a table or on a foundation slab. The base plate contains a coolant tank with a pump to supply it to the cutting zone. The spindle head moves along the traverse in a horizontal plane, and the traverse moves in a vertical plane and around the column. Equipment with a spindle turning relative to a horizontal transverse beam in an angular direction belongs to the second type.
Radial machines are installed on bed guides for processing heavy and large-sized workpieces. Another variety of this type are machines mounted on a trolley, which is capable of moving along rails due to an electric drive.
Wall-mounted and portable radial drilling machines are used in shipbuilding and heavy engineering, and their main purpose is the processing of hard-to-reach parts with large dimensions: cases and castings.
Radial drilling machines
PURPOSE OF RADIAL DRILLING MACHINES
Radial drilling machines are representatives of the main fleet of universal metal-cutting machines, along with turning, milling, and boring machines.
They are used in all metal processing industries: repair plants and large factories. The main purpose is to make and process holes of varying complexity, including countersinking, reaming, drilling, threading with various tools, drilling in solid material, trimming ends, as well as rolling holes up to the 2nd accuracy class with a machined surface roughness Ra = 0, 63 microns.
The technological capabilities of radial drilling machines are significantly increased by using various devices and special equipment. For example, diameter-adjustable boring cutters, reamers, countersinks and a number of other tools.
Radial drilling machines are indispensable when processing large and heavy products. In this case, the products are installed and fixed motionless on the machine plate or table, while the tool fixed in the machine spindle moves above the surface of the product when the sleeve is rotated around the column. The absence of movement of workpieces during processing is an undoubted advantage of radial drilling machines. This feature saves time, eliminates unnecessary labor costs for turning and guarantees the accuracy of the holes and their location.
FEATURES AND DESCRIPTION OF RADIAL DRILLING MACHINES
The design of the machines allows drilling in steel and cast iron, with a maximum diameter of up to 100 mm and movement of the drilling spindle up to 2450 mm on the RS-100MP machine.
The PromStroyMash Machine-Building Enterprise offers a line of four radial drilling machines of the following models:
- 2A554MP (max. drilling diameter – 50 mm)
- RS-63MP (max. drilling diameter – 63 mm)
- RS-80MP (max. drilling diameter – 80 mm)
- RS-100MP (max. drilling diameter – 100mm)
In radial drilling machines, drilling along the axis of holes in workpieces is carried out by moving the spindle relative to the workpiece, fixedly mounted on the machine table or next to the machine. The main feature of a radial drilling drilling operation is the circular rotation and movement of the machine spindle quill around a vertical column. The kinematics of the machine are designed in such a way as to carry out these movements and allow the necessary rotation speed and feed to be transmitted to the tool. The following operations can be performed on radial drilling machines: rotation of the movable console of the radial drilling machine around a vertical column, vertical movement of the console, fixation of the console on the column at a working height to the workpiece, fixation of the spindle head on the console, switching of spindle speeds and quill feeds, processing of holes at an angle when installing the workpiece using special equipment and devices. The accuracy class of radial drilling machines is N. The placement category is according to GOST 15150 UHL-4; according to a separate technical specification, the machines can be manufactured in climatic modifications T-4, TV-4, TM-4, OM-4.
OPERATING PRINCIPLE ON RADIAL DRILLING MACHINES
The metal-cutting tool is installed in the machine spindle in a conical mounting hole. The workpiece is placed on the table of a radial drilling machine, and a tool is brought to the hole being processed, cutting in accordance with the technical process. All necessary processing parameters are set using the handles on the gearbox and feeds.
Parameters of radial drilling machines produced by the PromStroyMash Machine-Building Enterprise
2A554MP - Basic model
- Maximum nominal drilling diameter – 63
- Cone in the spindle – MK5
- Distance from the spindle axis to the column – 380…1595
- The distance between the table and the end of the spindle is 455…1595
- Spindle speed range rpm – 18…2000
- Number of spindle rotation stages – 24
- Range of working feeds mm/min and their number – 24
- Main electric motor power – 5.5 kW
- Machine weight – 4750 kg
RS-63MP
- Maximum nominal drilling diameter – 63
- The maximum nominal diameter of the cut thread is M50
- Cone in the spindle – MK5
- Distance from the spindle axis to the column – 450…2000
- The distance between the table and the end of the spindle is 400…1590
- Spindle speed range rpm – 20…1600
- Number of spindle rotation stages – 16
- Range of working feeds mm/min and their number – 16
- Main electric motor power – 5.5 kW
- Machine weight – 7100 kg
RS-80MP
- Maximum nominal drilling diameter – 80
- The maximum nominal diameter of the cut thread is M56
- Cone in the spindle – MK6
- Distance from the spindle axis to the column – 500…2450
- The distance between the table and the end of the spindle is 550...1950
- Spindle speed range rpm – 16…1200
- Number of spindle rotation stages – 16
- Range of working feeds mm/min and their number – 16
- Main electric motor power – 7.5 kW
- Machine weight – 10900 kg
RS-100MP
- Maximum nominal drilling diameter – 100
- The maximum nominal diameter of the cut thread is M70
- Cone in the spindle – MK6
- Distance from the spindle axis to the column – 580…3100
- The distance between the table and the end of the spindle is 750…2450
- Spindle rotation speed range rpm – 10…1000
- Number of spindle rotation stages – 22
- Range of working feeds mm/min and their number – 16
- Main electric motor power – 15 kW
- Machine weight – 19800 kg
MAIN UNITS OF RADIAL DRILLING MACHINES
Radial drilling machine bed with work table
Vertical columns and work tables of the machines are cast from gray cast iron of the SCh-20 grade. The machine base is designed to install the entire machine on the foundation, fastening the column base with the console and spindle head, as well as fastening the equipment and parts using T-slots. To increase the technological capabilities of the machines, they are equipped with rotary and fixed box tables. A workpiece of small dimensions is installed on a box-shaped table, or directly on the treated surface of the base (work table). Fastening the workpiece outside the working surface of the table is recommended on mounting plates in order to eliminate additional error during the processing of the workpiece.
Rotary column
The column is installed vertically on the base of the machine, the rotary console is fixed to the column. A mechanism for raising/lowering the console, driven by an electric motor, is mounted in the upper part of the column.
Console (trunk)
The console of the radial drilling machine is technologically installed on the column. An electric drive is installed in the upper part of the column and controls the movement of the console up and down and rotation around a vertical axis. The drilling head with spindle is placed on the console guides. The console can be lowered or raised according to the height of the workpiece. In the cavity of the console, located on the reverse side of the sleeve, working elements of electrical equipment and hydraulics are installed.
Spindle head
The drilling head (spindle head), mounted on a console, is structurally a separate unit. The design of this unit has a feed and speed box and a device for setting the drilling depth. The spindle is used to fix the processing tool and transmit rotation to it for processing. Spindle taper of radial drilling machines (Morse taper No. 4-6 or metric taper, depending on the model).
For optimal ergonomics and ease of operation of the driller, the machine control is located on the spindle head:
- functional steering wheel for moving the spindle headstock and spindle quill;
- buttons for controlling the clamping/unclamping of units, starting/stopping spindle rotation, emergency stop, turning on the work area lighting;
- handles for adjusting rotation speed, spindle feed, direction of spindle rotation, switching between manual and automatic feed.
The feed box is installed between the spindle and the spindle motor. Torque from the electric motor is transmitted through gears and friction clutches. The friction clutch is used to perform a quick reverse when cutting threads, cut off the feed when the required drilling depth is reached and protect the gearbox from overloads.
The spindle head moves along the console guides manually and is fixed in the desired position before performing the drilling operation using a special clamping device controlled from the remote control.
The spindle is mounted in a retractable quill, this allows you to drill holes of various depths without moving the console.
Fixation of the rotary column, clamping/unclamping of the spindle head on the console guides is controlled using hydraulic distributors controlled from the remote control.
TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS DETERMINING THE CHOICE OF A PARTICULAR MODEL OF RADIAL DRILLING MACHINE
- maximum drilling diameter in a workpiece made of steel or cast iron;
- maximum size of thread cut with a tap;
- spindle motor power;
- radius of movement of the spindle head;
- traverse rotation angle;
- the maximum distance between the table and the end of the spindle, which sets the maximum height of the workpiece being processed;
- maximum vertical movement of the quill with the tool, which determines the depth of processing;
- feed range and number of spindle rotation stages;
- the presence of a coolant system in the cutting zone, as well as a lubrication system.
ADVANTAGES OF OUR RADIAL DRILLING MACHINES
- Ease of setup, operation, maintenance and repair.
- Optimal price.
- Highly qualified personnel, including highly specialized ones (programmers, electronic engineers), are not required.
- High versatility, allowing you to perform almost all operations on the machine to make any holes.
- Reliability and durability achieved through high quality manufacturing of parts and assemblies. In turn, their quality is guaranteed by strict adherence to the technological discipline worked out in the production of the machine design, highly qualified specialists of the enterprise and extensive production experience. Quality control is carried out at all stages of production. The results of compliance with accuracy standards are reflected in the operating manual for radial drilling machines only after acceptance tests have been carried out.
- Providing the consumer with a number of services after purchasing a machine, including delivery, installation supervision, commissioning, and warranty service.
Kinematics
Spindle rotation is the main movement of the machine.
The movement of the spindle in the vertical direction is the feed movement.
Moving the traverse up and down along the column, moving the drilling head horizontally along the traverse, moving the traverse around the axis of the column - installation movements.
An example of a kinematic diagram of a radial drilling machine 2N55
The machines have a wide range of rotation speeds, drilling head speeds and mechanical feeds.
Additional features
In addition to the direct task of drilling, the machine is used to perform special operations, including:
- processing of the inner surface of holes;
- high-precision finishing;
- making holes of large and non-standard diameters;
- processing of thick-walled elements (wood, metal, etc.).
Both large units used in mechanical engineering and devices for workshops are equipped with additional devices. You can buy a radial drilling machine with the necessary accessories on our website.
