Ural chainsaws have been known for more than half a century: their production began in 1955 at the Perm plant, which for many years worked for the country's military-industrial complex. Until now, their popularity has not faded: demand still remains high despite the abundance of new foreign brands. Some people do not want to overpay: purchasing a Ural chainsaw is more budget-friendly than similar devices from leading European manufacturers. The same applies to their maintenance and repairs, which help save the family budget.
But the majority of users of these chainsaws value traditional quality, which has been tested over decades of service by more than one generation of people.
We will get acquainted with the features of the legendary saws of this manufacturer, their structure and functionality, as well as the nuances of maintenance and repair in this article.
Chainsaw "Ural" 2t Electron
Gasoline hand tools, which are designed specifically for harsh working conditions and tasks of increased complexity.
The design of the Ural 2t Electron chainsaw is quite simple. The main working parts are:
- engine;
- starter;
- gearbox;
- switch;
- cutting set;
- gas tank
There is also a steering wheel and an element on which the structure can be supported.
Technical features of the Ural 2t Electron chainsaw
- 2-stroke engine that consumes 632 ml of fuel per hour of operation;
- high power – 3.68 kW;
- 46 cm tire with removable chain;
- heavy weight - 11.7 kg.
Chainsaw motor
The engine makes up the main part of the Ural chainsaw, almost completely forming it as a tool. Most of the technical characteristics relate to the operation of the motor. The single-cylinder two-stroke engine has a cylinder with a volume of 94 (109) cm3, with a diameter of 5.5 cm, providing a fuel consumption of 632 g for each kW/h of power. The crankshaft rotation speed is 6200 rpm (±200). The motor has stable performance characteristics, highly appreciated by experts.
"Ural" BP-3650
Productive model with improved functionality. The inertia brake of the chain and its stroke in auto mode simplifies the operator’s tasks when servicing the tool.
Operating parameters of BP-3650:
- motor thrust – 3.9 kW;
- capacious gas tank – 0.55 l;
- volumetric oil sump – 265 ml;
- maximum tire length – 0.45 m.
BP-3800
A fairly compact and lightweight chainsaw. A decent semi-professional unit, adapted for medium loads.
It differs from other modifications:
- thrust of 3.8 kW;
- volumetric tanks for fuel and chain oil - 0.62 and 0.25 l;
- standard chain pitch – 3/8;
- long tire – 35-45 cm;
- light weight - 6.89 kg.
"Profi" UBP-3900
Gasoline tool of professional power class. It has an improved clutch, chain brake and power button locking function.
Specifications:
- Power – 3.9 kW;
- Gas tank – 0.54 l;
- Lubrication sump – 270 ml;
- Tire – up to 450 mm;
- Weight – 7.9 kg.
Users note that this model of Ural chainsaw breaks down less often than others and requires repair.
How to refill the Ural chainsaw?
A 2-stroke engine is a capricious thing that requires not only gasoline, but also lubrication.
According to the manufacturer’s recommendations, fuel with an octane rating of 76 and 80 is suitable for Ural chain saws. Unfortunately, you won’t find them at responsible gas stations for a long time. Another question arises: is it possible to fill a Ural chainsaw with 92 gasoline, like most modern power tools? It is possible, but you should be more careful about adjusting the carburetor and ignition, which, like the engine, will begin to wear out faster. Resourceful people have long figured out how to convert their outdated Uralov models to 92 gasoline. To do this, you need to lower the octane number of AI-92 or AI-95 gasoline by adding 70 g of diesel fuel to one tank of the fuel mixture. The engine practically does not feel the difference with this additive and operates in normal mode.
The proportions for the gasoline oil mixture should be as follows: 50 ml of motor oil (preferably not for mopeds) per 1 liter of gasoline.
Technical characteristics of the Ural tool
A qualitative indicator of the Ural brand is a powerful and economical two-stroke gasoline engine. Ease of use and lightweight design make it indispensable in such work as building a wooden house, sawmill, logging, and household preparations for the local area. Let's look at the characteristics of the Ural chainsaw with a detailed description of the advantages of the tool.
Important Technical characteristics of ZIL-MMZ-554 and TOP-2 modifications of a diesel truck
Gas engine
Designed for professional purposes, the Ural 2 Electron chainsaw has the following engine characteristics:
- Power 5 l. With.
- Single cylinder
- Piston diameter - 5.5 cm, cylinder volume - 109 cubic meters. cm.
- Push-pull
- Gasoline consumption at maximum power is 0.63 liters, at working power – 0.47 liters.
- The crankshaft operating cycle frequency is 2600 rpm.
The two-stroke engine is powerful and reliable enough to quickly chop wood within 11 cubic meters. in a minute.
Cylinder
To improve wear resistance, the aluminum cylinder is coated with a silicon-nickel alloy called Nicosil. Cylinder volume 109 cc. cm provides sufficient power for a chainsaw. The cylinder has an inlet channel for the gasoline-gas mixture, exhaust channels and purge channels. The execution of certain proportions of the sizes of the exhaust and purge holes ensures high-quality ventilation of the cylinder cavity from exhaust gases.
Gas tank
The volume of the fuel tank is 1.6 l, and for oil - 0.24 l.
To increase the durability of the engine, you should use the grades of gasoline specified by the manufacturer in the passport. In a two-stroke engine, it is worth using special grades of oils that combine well with gasoline and do not leave a large sediment when burned in the chamber.
The gas tank is filled with a mixture of AI-72 gasoline and M-8B engine oil. The lubricant tank is filled with oil in summer, and in winter - with the addition of gasoline in a ratio of 3/1.
Carburetor
A carburetor is necessary to create an air-fuel mixture of a adjusted proportion, entering the cylinder in certain doses. The tool uses a modification of the KMP-100U carburetor. It must be adjusted at the factory, but you can independently adjust the unit in various operating modes to obtain maximum engine efficiency.
Before first use, it is recommended to keep the tool for several hours with a tank filled with fuel to saturate the carburetor membrane.
Bar length and chain
The length of the working surface of the saw is 46 cm. A cutting chain is placed on it, which requires periodic sharpening and tension.
Advice: during prolonged downtime of the tool, it is better to remove the cutting chain, and it is more convenient to sharpen it on a chain put on the saw.
The weight of the assembled chainsaw is about 12 kg.
How to properly break in a new Ural chainsaw?
To reduce friction between parts, all new chainsaws go through a break-in stage - alternating idle operation with low and medium load. It must be remembered that:
- the proportion for the running mixture is 15:1, i.e. the amount of lubricant increases;
- the first 25 hours of running-in should begin with idle speed, which is gradually replaced by minimum and average operating speeds;
- this process ends after 4 full tanks of fuel mixture have been consumed.
For successful operation, it is necessary to configure the tool - adjust the idle speed and ignition system so that it delivers the power built into it, works economically and breaks down less often.
What is needed for repair
Since the depth of repair of the Ural 2t Electron chainsaw differs from the repair of all modern saws, it can be divided into three groups of complexity.
- Small.
- Average.
- Capital.
Minor repairs include problems that can be easily fixed without replacement parts or small consumables such as spark plug, spark plug wire, gaskets.
Average repairs require replacing easily removable, inexpensive worn parts with new ones. For example, drive sprocket, starter ratchet, etc.
For a major overhaul, you need to replace major faulty components: piston system, ignition coil, crankshaft, carburetor, etc.
For any repair, you will need the tools that come with a chainsaw replacement part or similar standard. All Ural 2t Electron fasteners fit standard sizes of wrenches and screwdrivers.
We recommend reading this interesting article. Review of the Ural 2t Electron chainsaw.
Adjusting the carburetor of Ural chainsaws
Before leaving the factory, all chainsaws receive factory settings, which are retained for a certain time. After purchasing new equipment, the question of how to adjust the carburetor on a Ural chainsaw becomes central. Do not rush to reconfigure the carburetor after purchase: let the saw run for several hours at low speeds. Gradually adjusting the jet clockwise, switch to high speeds, during which the saw should not buzz or smoke much. If this happens, tighten the screw: the fuel mixture will become leaner. By following this adjustment principle, the saw can always be adapted to any load.
Setup instructions
Before work, you must make sure that the saw is suitable for use, follow all safety regulations and carry out a test run.
Get to know the device
Before starting, you must read the instruction manual and assemble the device correctly. This process will not take much time if you follow the directions and instructions. For more details, see the article on adjusting the carburetor of a Ural chainsaw. Deviations from the rules for carrying out this procedure may well result in damage to the system.
And so, to set up a chainsaw you need:
- Fill the fuel compartment with fuel;
- Open the fuel supply valve, closing the air damper securely;
- When the damper is closed, you should not pull the starting cord more than 5 times, as excessive zeal will simply cause an overflow of the fuel mixture. Some modern models are very quiet, so you will need to listen for the engine to start;
- After the first “flash”, it is necessary to open the air damper;
- Then pull the starter again and the engine will start;
- Very carefully open the throttle valve (this is necessary to turn off the fast idle);
- When starting the chain saw, the chain brake must be applied.
These simple tips will help you avoid trouble and get your chainsaw working properly. Do not ignore the operating instructions, and your unit will serve you for a very long time! Every chainsaw owner needs to know what to do if the chainsaw does not start.
Chainsaws "Ural": malfunctions and repairs
Any tool breaks. And that's a fact. As practice shows, modern foreign chainsaws suffer from breakdowns no less often than domestic gas-powered tools.
Among the typical breakdowns of Ural chainsaws, the most common are faults with motors. They may not turn on, have poor idle speed, stall under load, or not turn off at all.
There may be several explanations for the fact that the Ural chainsaw does not start:
- lack of fuel, its low quality or incorrect proportion of preparation;
- malfunctions with the fuel system: once the gas tank or fuel supply pipes are sealed, which, on top of everything else, also become littered;
- faulty spark plug or flywheel - as a result, there is no spark required to ignite the fuel;
- a dirty air filter through which air, and therefore oxygen, does not pass to start the combustion process;
If the chain saw starts and stalls, the cause should be looked for in the carburetor. It is necessary to adjust its jets so that fuel and oxygen are supplied according to the load that is expected from it.
The situation when the engine heats up and stalls is also familiar to many users of Ural gas powered tools. Replacing the spark plug, oil, cleaning the air filter or replacing the piston can help fix it.
A working motor should run smoothly without jerking. The ringing knock of the engine when idling Ural chainsaws is a reason to pay attention to the cylinder. It could be damaged and need replacing.
Briefly about the launcher
The chainsaw is powered by an internal combustion engine. This is a simple device, the design of which does not have any special bells and whistles. Usually it works properly even in difficult conditions.
Functioning is ensured by structural elements:
- Carburetor engine (see carburetor adjustment).
- Centrifugal type clutches.
- The ignition system in almost all devices is contactless.
- A carburetor that adds air to the fuel mixture.
- Fuel system. Its standard device consists of a hose, filter and gas tank, but sometimes it has additional parts.
- Starter.
- Tire.
- Chain (see chain oil).
- Chain tensioning mechanism and brake (see how to sharpen a chain).
What can be made from a Ural chainsaw?
It is difficult to find someone who has never tried to make useful homemade products with their own hands from a Ural chainsaw. Their diversity is amazing and gives a chance to once again be convinced of the ingenuity of folk craftsmen. Let's consider the main ones:
- sawmill - is made on the basis of a metal frame with a guide along which the chainsaw moves. A homemade sawmill is the simplest homemade product, the creation of which does not require expensive spare parts;
- motor drill - consists of a chainsaw motor and a gearbox that reduces its speed. Useful for lovers of winter fishing, construction and outdoor installation work;
- outboard motor is a homemade device for small-sized boats. It is assembled from a motor, gearbox, shaft, and screw that receives torque from the chainsaw engine. Allows you to reach speeds of up to 16 km/h with relatively low fuel consumption;
- moped from a chainsaw - a bicycle is taken as a basis, which is aggregated by a chainsaw motor. The gear transmission helps transmit speed to the gearbox, which is necessary for easier control of the vehicle;
- tricycle made from a chainsaw "Ural" - a small-sized 3-wheeled vehicle with a welded base. Wheels are attached to the metal body, like on a children's tricycle. The steering and chain drive are what you'll have to tinker with;
- a snowmobile is a unit that is a motorized sled. It has a complex design: in addition to the engine and gas tank, the clutch, transmission, gas switch must be thought out, and the turning of the skis or tracks must be ensured.
There are quite a lot of accessories for the Ural chainsaw. This suggests that the possibilities of using this tool can only be limited by human imagination.
