A drill is a popular tool in the home. With the help of such a device, you can tidy up furniture and hang a picture in a short time. A universal tool can be of varying power. In order to understand how to choose a drill, you need to study the basic criteria and popular models.
Drill - a universal device for the home
The purpose of the drill, the difference from a hammer drill and a screwdriver
When choosing a device, you must first consider the scope of use. The tool can be used both in the apartment and in the country. The device will also be indispensable in the garage and small workshop. The drill can be used for the following purposes:
- drilling holes in concrete and brick walls;
- drilling in wooden surfaces;
- screwing in and removing bolts;
- metal drilling.
Depending on the power of the device, you can drill any surface. Therefore, such equipment will become indispensable during repairs.
Important! For universal use of the tool, users often purchase additional attachments.
The tool is used for drilling hard materials.
A screwdriver, unlike a drill, can unscrew bolts at different speeds, and can even cope with stuck specimens. Some models come with an impact function, so they are often used instead of a hammer drill. However, it must be taken into account that a drill is not used for long-term drilling of concrete. For such purposes, it is necessary to purchase a hammer drill. The difference between the devices is that a drill drills, and a hammer hammer chisels and allows you to get large holes.
Drill and hammer icons
If you have an impact drill, then on its body you can see the “drill” and “hammer” icons. If you are just drilling, for example, wood, choose a “drill”. This will prevent the cartridge from turning under any force. If you need to drill a concrete wall, place it on the “hammer” to start the impact mechanism.
ATTENTION!!!
These modes are not used when tightening screws! Because if there is a lot of resistance, the cartridge will get stuck. And the drill itself will spin, grabbing your hand. And this is fraught with serious injuries.
Selecting a drill class
When choosing a suitable device, you need to know what types of drills there are. The type of device depends on the purpose of use and the material to be processed.
Household
Household drills are suitable for home use. They can be rechargeable or powered by electricity. Household appliances have average power and are easy to operate. Even women can use the devices without damaging their manicure. Since the handles are comfortable, and the tool works at different speeds.
Professional
Professional devices are used in workshops or enterprises. They have high power and cope with materials of various densities. The advantage of the professional model is that you can use the drill for 8-9 hours without a break. Household devices are not intended for such purposes.
Professional models are often used in enterprises
Semi-professional
Ideal for home use. Suitable for cottages and garages. It has good engine power and is suitable for operating time up to 5-6 hours.
Engine power
Engine power determines the performance of the device, its maximum speed and torque. The market offers devices with power from 300 to 2000 watts.
You must understand that the higher the power, the higher the dimensions and weight. A large power reserve will lead to rapid fatigue and excessive energy consumption. A household device needs 400-600 watts, but if you plan to drill brick, you will have to choose a more powerful tool - from 800 watts.
For long-term drilling of compacted concrete or for a construction mixer, it is better to choose a drill with a power of 1000-1500 watts
Types of drills by purpose
In order to understand how to choose a drill, you need to study all the types. Each type of device has its own distinctive points that must be taken into account.
Regular drill
A useful device that has universal application. Designed for drilling holes in materials such as wood, plastic, thin metal. They work both from the mains and from batteries.
Impact drill
The device is equipped with a striking element. Therefore, it easily copes with hard materials such as concrete and metal. It can perform some functions of a hammer drill, but is not used for a long time without stopping.
Drill/driver
If you need to choose a useful device for the garage or small workshops, you should pay attention to a similar product. Using the device, you can unscrew complex screws and bolts. However, such a device is not suitable for drilling hard materials.
Drill/driver suitable for auto repair shops
Drill mixer
The ideal solution for construction work. The device has medium power and can be used for drilling holes. The kit includes special nozzles for mixing the compositions. Therefore, using a drill, you can mix a solution or putty in a short time.
Angle drill
The tool is used most often during construction work. Allows you to reach the most difficult places. An electric angle drill has average power and is often purchased only when necessary.
Areas of application
The direction of application is not limited to one drilling. Even drilling can be carried out on various materials. Usually - wood, metal, concrete and stone, brick and tile, hard soil and even ice.
A drill for concrete requires an impact type and preferably a powerful one. A low-speed one is also suitable for drilling timber. Manual is convenient for drilling ice in winter or taking soil samples in the mountains. There may be general purpose or highly specialized models.
By type of drive there is a networked and cordless drill, by type of power - electric (electric drills), pneumatic, gasoline and manual.
Main characteristics
In order to understand how to choose a drill for home use, you need to take into account the criteria that make the process of use comfortable.
Power
One of the main characteristics that must be taken into account when choosing a drill is power. At home, models with a power of 1000 W can be used. Using such a device, you can drill holes even in hard places. For professional use, you need to choose tools with a power of 1500 W.
Power type
When choosing a device, you need to consider the conditions under which the drill will be used. Portable and networked devices can be found on sale.
Network
Drills that operate on mains power have high power and are most often used in workshops and in the country. The advantage of such a device is the ability to work for a long period and cope with hard materials.
Rechargeable
Battery models are most often chosen if it is necessary to carry out work in places where it is not possible to connect to the network. The devices are small in size and have average power. They are powered by high-capacity batteries, which are enough for several hours of continuous drilling.
Battery-powered models allow you to work away from home
Shaft rotation speed
In order to purchase a quality device, you need to know how many revolutions the drill has. The speed of revolutions can be adjusted. Semi-professional models most often have a shaft rotation speed of up to 3500 rpm. This indicator allows you to process all types of materials.
Shaft speed switch
High-quality models have a speed control function and allow you to make the drill a universal tool.
Drilling diameter
Each model has specific recommendations for the diameter of the drills used. If you use more drills than specified in the instructions, the device may become unusable. Most often, the kit includes drills with a diameter from 0.3 mm to 30 mm.
Chuck type
There are several types of chucks: key chucks and quick-release chucks. In the first case, to change the drill, you need to unscrew the chuck with a wrench. In the second case, the drill is fixed with a chuck on a latch.
Important! Experts say that models with a key cartridge last longer and are suitable for hard materials.
Ergonomics
In order to select the right drill, you need to hold the device in your hand. The device should fit comfortably in the palm of your hand and should not strain your hand when working. Thus, the user will be able to work for a long period in the desired position without load.
Screwdriver type
This device is mainly used for tightening and unscrewing screws. It has a self-explanatory name - a screwdriver. Such a device usually has the following characteristics:
- switching speed mode, that is, low and high speeds;
- the ability to set a certain force at which the gearbox of the device will be disconnected so that the entire mechanism does not fail.
Drill-driver A screwdriver can be wired or cordless, or, more precisely, battery-powered. And it is the second type that has become most widespread due to its ease of use. Most models have two batteries included. This makes it possible to work on one battery while the second one is charging.
What else to consider when choosing a drill
When choosing a device, in addition to the basic characteristics, it is necessary to take into account additional ones. These include:
- fixing the power button. This characteristic allows you to ensure safe operation of the device;
- Auto shut-off function. The presence of this function prevents the drill from burning out during prolonged use. If the device gets hot, it automatically turns off;
- backlight Allows you to make a hole accurately, even in a dark room;
- dust collector Makes it easier to clean the room later.
Also, additional criteria include the presence of attachments. A second handle will not be superfluous, with the help of which it will be convenient to work in hard-to-reach places.
Additional features make the tool convenient to use
Drilling metal
First of all, it is recommended to select a drill designed for this type of work. Metal drills differ in the grade of steel from which they are made, as well as the sharpening angle. Only such drills are suitable for working with cast iron, steel or stainless steel. Drilling in metal is carried out at low speeds. This allows the drill to heat up less and dull more slowly.
If you know how to use the drill correctly, then as a result, chips should smoothly flow out of the hole in the shape of a spiral. The process of drilling metal will be more efficient if pressure is applied to the drill. Before starting the process, a notch is applied to the place where the drill is placed with a core. This is necessary for better adhesion to metal.
Features of choosing a tool for working on concrete
To understand what a concrete drill is and which one to choose, you need to consider the following expert advice:
- the instrument must be of the impact type;
- to obtain a neat hole, it is necessary to have a function for adjusting the speed of operation;
- presence of two handles. During operation, the tool must be held firmly; this is difficult to do with just one handle.
It is necessary to select devices with high power. Since the concrete coating is dense and cannot be drilled with ordinary drills.
Procedure for replacing drills and bits
Drills and special attachments for tightening screws, that is, bits, are inserted into the chuck. You can clamp them either manually, that is, with a key, or automatically, that is, without a key. However, the latter is provided that the tool is equipped with a keyless chuck.
With the automatic clamping method, you should slowly pull the trigger while holding the cartridge with your free hand. Moreover, the rotation should be carried out clockwise. To remove the drill, you need to perform a similar action, starting rotation in the opposite direction.
To check that the drill is securely clamped in the chuck, you need to pull the trigger and carefully look at the drill. If it is clamped well, then its vibrations will not be noticeable.
ATTENTION!!!
If you want to learn more about woodworking tools and the crafts you can make with them, be sure to check out this link.
Rating of electric drills
Among the large assortment of electric drills, it is necessary to highlight models that have repeatedly proven their quality.
DIOLD MES-5-01 BZP 550 W
The model has an affordable price.
The inexpensive model is easy to use and has a power of 550 W. Ideal for home use. The chuck is key, allows you to firmly fix the drill. The user will be able to independently set the shaft rotation speed, depending on the material being processed.
The cost of the device is only 1600 rubles.
Makita HP1640 680 W
The impact model is equipped with two handles for comfortable work.
An impact tool with good power will be an ideal option for a small workshop or garage. Two comfortable handles make work easy. The power of the device is 680 W, the speed of rotation can be adjusted independently.
The model has a drilling depth limiter.
Cost 4000 rubles.
For reference! Makita offers a wide range of models, depending on user requirements.
BISON ZSSh-300-2, 300 W
The tool has compact dimensions.
The drill-screwdriver has compact dimensions and universal use. Despite the low power of only 300 W, it is very popular. The speed can be adjusted, the body does not heat up even during long-term operation.
Cost 3000 rubles.
Makita DA3010F 450 W
The tool is suitable for hard-to-reach places.
The device has compact dimensions and convenient backlighting. Using a drill you can get to the most difficult places. Power 450 W. Suitable for cutters of various diameters. It is also necessary to pay attention to the low weight, only 1.4 kg, so the device can be operated with one hand.
Cost 16,000 rubles.
BOSCH GSB 13 RE
The tool is safe to use.
The impact model is semi-professional and is often used in workshops. The power of the device is 600 W, so the tool quickly copes with hard materials. The device is equipped with a power lock button and a drilling depth limiter.
Cost 4000 rubles.
When choosing an electric drill, you need to carefully study the popular models. In order for the tool to serve for a long period, important criteria and expert advice should be taken into account.
Let's sum it up
Today we talked about the key features of various models of a tool such as a drill, and even a novice master will not have difficulty choosing the one that suits the parameters. At the same time, it is important to take into account the need to use a particular tool - before purchasing, you need to clearly understand how often, for how long and for what material the drill will be used.
A birdhouse made of plywood is an excellent opportunity to simultaneously take care of birds and practice carpentry. A homemade bird house can decorate the balcony of a multi-storey building or a garden plot. The work process is simple, you just need to follow the rules and recommendations. We will talk about them in a special article.
Professional or household?
First you need to decide what class of drill you need. The principle of operation is the same for everyone. The difference is in power, drill speed, diameter of the hole formed, service life and price. If you need a tool for an enterprise, the construction of a country house, or major renovations where large volumes of work are to be done, then a professional drill would be the best choice. Professional-grade power tools are designed for daily intensive use for 7-10 hours. Also, such tools are distinguished by greater power, increased resistance to loads and reliability of the materials from which they are made. In addition, they are less subject to wear. Popular models from manufacturers: Hitachi, Metabo, Makita, and Bosch.
If you understand that you only need to hang a mirror, a picture and do some minor repairs around the house, then you can easily limit yourself to an inexpensive household drill. It is designed to work no more than 4 hours a day. Its main advantage is the maximum range of functions for a minimum price. For occasional use at home, models from the following manufacturers are suitable: Skil, Interskol, Elektropribor, Vikhr, Zubr, PIT and Bosch in a green case.
